Interstitial lung abnormalities – current knowledge and future directions

Efforts to grasp the significance of radiologic changes similar to interstitial lung disease (ILD) in undiagnosed individuals have intensified in the recent decade. The term interstitial lung abnormalities (ILA) is an emerging definition of such changes, defined by visual examination of computed tom...

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Autores principales:	Gisli Thor Axelsson, Gunnar Gudmundsson
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Taylor & Francis Group 2021
Materias:	interstitial fibrosis idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis interstitial lung abnormalities mortality progression Diseases of the respiratory system RC705-779
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3812ad1b6aaf40c3b635a6f063e5f485
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3812ad1b6aaf40c3b635a6f063e5f4852021-11-04T15:00:43ZInterstitial lung abnormalities – current knowledge and future directions2001-852510.1080/20018525.2021.1994178https://doaj.org/article/3812ad1b6aaf40c3b635a6f063e5f4852021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20018525.2021.1994178https://doaj.org/toc/2001-8525Efforts to grasp the significance of radiologic changes similar to interstitial lung disease (ILD) in undiagnosed individuals have intensified in the recent decade. The term interstitial lung abnormalities (ILA) is an emerging definition of such changes, defined by visual examination of computed tomography scans. Substantial insights have been made in the origins and clinical consequences of these changes, as well as automated measures of early lung fibrosis, which will likely lead to increased recognition of early fibrotic lung changes among clinicians and researchers alike. Interstitial lung abnormalities have an estimated prevalence of 7–10% in elderly populations. They correlate with many ILD risk factors, both epidemiologic and genetic. Additionally, histopathological similarities with IPF exist in those with ILA. While no established blood biomarker of ILA exists, several have been suggested. Distinct imaging patterns indicating advanced fibrosis correlate with worse clinical outcomes. ILA are also linked with adverse clinical outcomes such as increased mortality and risk of lung cancer. Progression of ILA has been noted in a significant portion of those with ILA and is associated with many of the same features as ILD, including advanced fibrosis. Those with ILA progression are at risk of accelerated FVC decline and increased mortality. Radiologic changes resembling ILD have also been attained by automated measures. Such measures associate with some, but not all the same factors as ILA. ILA and similar radiologic changes are in many ways analogous to ILD and likely represent a precursor of ILD in some cases. While warranting an evaluation for ILD, they are associated with poor clinical outcomes beyond possible ILD development and thus are by themselves a significant finding. Among the present objectives of this field are the stratification of patients with regards to progression and the discovery of biomarkers with predictive value for clinical outcomes.Gisli Thor AxelssonGunnar GudmundssonTaylor & Francis Grouparticleinterstitial fibrosisidiopathic pulmonary fibrosisinterstitial lung abnormalitiesmortalityprogressionDiseases of the respiratory systemRC705-779ENEuropean Clinical Respiratory Journal, Vol 8, Iss 1 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	interstitial fibrosis idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis interstitial lung abnormalities mortality progression Diseases of the respiratory system RC705-779
spellingShingle	interstitial fibrosis idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis interstitial lung abnormalities mortality progression Diseases of the respiratory system RC705-779 Gisli Thor Axelsson Gunnar Gudmundsson Interstitial lung abnormalities – current knowledge and future directions
description	Efforts to grasp the significance of radiologic changes similar to interstitial lung disease (ILD) in undiagnosed individuals have intensified in the recent decade. The term interstitial lung abnormalities (ILA) is an emerging definition of such changes, defined by visual examination of computed tomography scans. Substantial insights have been made in the origins and clinical consequences of these changes, as well as automated measures of early lung fibrosis, which will likely lead to increased recognition of early fibrotic lung changes among clinicians and researchers alike. Interstitial lung abnormalities have an estimated prevalence of 7–10% in elderly populations. They correlate with many ILD risk factors, both epidemiologic and genetic. Additionally, histopathological similarities with IPF exist in those with ILA. While no established blood biomarker of ILA exists, several have been suggested. Distinct imaging patterns indicating advanced fibrosis correlate with worse clinical outcomes. ILA are also linked with adverse clinical outcomes such as increased mortality and risk of lung cancer. Progression of ILA has been noted in a significant portion of those with ILA and is associated with many of the same features as ILD, including advanced fibrosis. Those with ILA progression are at risk of accelerated FVC decline and increased mortality. Radiologic changes resembling ILD have also been attained by automated measures. Such measures associate with some, but not all the same factors as ILA. ILA and similar radiologic changes are in many ways analogous to ILD and likely represent a precursor of ILD in some cases. While warranting an evaluation for ILD, they are associated with poor clinical outcomes beyond possible ILD development and thus are by themselves a significant finding. Among the present objectives of this field are the stratification of patients with regards to progression and the discovery of biomarkers with predictive value for clinical outcomes.
format	article
author	Gisli Thor Axelsson Gunnar Gudmundsson
author_facet	Gisli Thor Axelsson Gunnar Gudmundsson
author_sort	Gisli Thor Axelsson
title	Interstitial lung abnormalities – current knowledge and future directions
title_short	Interstitial lung abnormalities – current knowledge and future directions
title_full	Interstitial lung abnormalities – current knowledge and future directions
title_fullStr	Interstitial lung abnormalities – current knowledge and future directions
title_full_unstemmed	Interstitial lung abnormalities – current knowledge and future directions
title_sort	interstitial lung abnormalities – current knowledge and future directions
publisher	Taylor & Francis Group
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3812ad1b6aaf40c3b635a6f063e5f485
work_keys_str_mv	AT gislithoraxelsson interstitiallungabnormalitiescurrentknowledgeandfuturedirections AT gunnargudmundsson interstitiallungabnormalitiescurrentknowledgeandfuturedirections
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Interstitial lung abnormalities – current knowledge and future directions

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