A Potential New Role for Zinc in Age-Related Macular Degeneration through Regulation of Endothelial Fenestration

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common blinding disease in the western world that is linked to the loss of fenestration in the choriocapillaris that sustains the retinal pigment epithelium and photoreceptors in the back of the eye. Changes in ocular and systemic zinc concentrations have...

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Autores principales:	Fiona Cunningham, Sabrina Cahyadi, Imre Lengyel
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	zinc fenestration choroid age-related macular degeneration PV-1 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3825c897c1b04dd0a5ca1814a68b605c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3825c897c1b04dd0a5ca1814a68b605c2021-11-11T17:23:43ZA Potential New Role for Zinc in Age-Related Macular Degeneration through Regulation of Endothelial Fenestration10.3390/ijms2221119741422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/3825c897c1b04dd0a5ca1814a68b605c2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/21/11974https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common blinding disease in the western world that is linked to the loss of fenestration in the choriocapillaris that sustains the retinal pigment epithelium and photoreceptors in the back of the eye. Changes in ocular and systemic zinc concentrations have been associated with AMD; therefore, we hypothesized that these changes might be directly involved in fenestrae formation. To test this hypothesis, an endothelial cell (bEND.5) model for fenestrae formation was treated with different concentrations of zinc sulfate (ZnSO<sub>4</sub>) solution for up to 20 h. Fenestrae were visualized by staining for Plasmalemmal Vesicle Associated Protein-1 (PV-1), the protein that forms the diaphragms of the fenestrated endothelium. Size and distribution were monitored by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We found that zinc induced the redistribution of PV-1 into areas called sieve plates containing ~70-nm uniform size and typical morphology fenestrae. As AMD is associated with reduced zinc concentrations in the serum and in ocular tissues, and dietary zinc supplementation is recommended to slow disease progression, we propose here that the elevation of zinc concentration may restore choriocapillaris fenestration resulting in improved nutrient flow and clearance of waste material in the retina.Fiona CunninghamSabrina CahyadiImre LengyelMDPI AGarticlezincfenestrationchoroidage-related macular degenerationPV-1Biology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 11974, p 11974 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	zinc fenestration choroid age-related macular degeneration PV-1 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	zinc fenestration choroid age-related macular degeneration PV-1 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999 Fiona Cunningham Sabrina Cahyadi Imre Lengyel A Potential New Role for Zinc in Age-Related Macular Degeneration through Regulation of Endothelial Fenestration
description	Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common blinding disease in the western world that is linked to the loss of fenestration in the choriocapillaris that sustains the retinal pigment epithelium and photoreceptors in the back of the eye. Changes in ocular and systemic zinc concentrations have been associated with AMD; therefore, we hypothesized that these changes might be directly involved in fenestrae formation. To test this hypothesis, an endothelial cell (bEND.5) model for fenestrae formation was treated with different concentrations of zinc sulfate (ZnSO<sub>4</sub>) solution for up to 20 h. Fenestrae were visualized by staining for Plasmalemmal Vesicle Associated Protein-1 (PV-1), the protein that forms the diaphragms of the fenestrated endothelium. Size and distribution were monitored by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We found that zinc induced the redistribution of PV-1 into areas called sieve plates containing ~70-nm uniform size and typical morphology fenestrae. As AMD is associated with reduced zinc concentrations in the serum and in ocular tissues, and dietary zinc supplementation is recommended to slow disease progression, we propose here that the elevation of zinc concentration may restore choriocapillaris fenestration resulting in improved nutrient flow and clearance of waste material in the retina.
format	article
author	Fiona Cunningham Sabrina Cahyadi Imre Lengyel
author_facet	Fiona Cunningham Sabrina Cahyadi Imre Lengyel
author_sort	Fiona Cunningham
title	A Potential New Role for Zinc in Age-Related Macular Degeneration through Regulation of Endothelial Fenestration
title_short	A Potential New Role for Zinc in Age-Related Macular Degeneration through Regulation of Endothelial Fenestration
title_full	A Potential New Role for Zinc in Age-Related Macular Degeneration through Regulation of Endothelial Fenestration
title_fullStr	A Potential New Role for Zinc in Age-Related Macular Degeneration through Regulation of Endothelial Fenestration
title_full_unstemmed	A Potential New Role for Zinc in Age-Related Macular Degeneration through Regulation of Endothelial Fenestration
title_sort	potential new role for zinc in age-related macular degeneration through regulation of endothelial fenestration
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3825c897c1b04dd0a5ca1814a68b605c
work_keys_str_mv	AT fionacunningham apotentialnewroleforzincinagerelatedmaculardegenerationthroughregulationofendothelialfenestration AT sabrinacahyadi apotentialnewroleforzincinagerelatedmaculardegenerationthroughregulationofendothelialfenestration AT imrelengyel apotentialnewroleforzincinagerelatedmaculardegenerationthroughregulationofendothelialfenestration AT fionacunningham potentialnewroleforzincinagerelatedmaculardegenerationthroughregulationofendothelialfenestration AT sabrinacahyadi potentialnewroleforzincinagerelatedmaculardegenerationthroughregulationofendothelialfenestration AT imrelengyel potentialnewroleforzincinagerelatedmaculardegenerationthroughregulationofendothelialfenestration
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A Potential New Role for Zinc in Age-Related Macular Degeneration through Regulation of Endothelial Fenestration

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