Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 targeted antibodies cocktail and B cell receptor interplay: interventions to trigger vaccine development

Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 spread globally and creates an alarming situation. Following the SARS-CoV-2 paradigm, therapeutic efficacy is achieved via repurposing several antiviral, antibacterial, and antimalarial drugs. In...

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Autores principales:	Kabeer Haneef, Rabia Saleem, Muhammad Saleem Iqbal Khan, Olawale Samuel Adeyinka, Sadeeq Banday, Muhammad Umer Asghar, Zia Ur Rahman, Zainab Fatima
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Open Exploration Publishing Inc. 2021
Materias:	severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 humoral immunity b cell receptor vaccine production adaptive immunity antibody pathogenesis cytokine responses non-structural protein Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/384630a1f78d4c3098b31044bc0772de
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:384630a1f78d4c3098b31044bc0772de2021-11-24T06:06:52ZSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 targeted antibodies cocktail and B cell receptor interplay: interventions to trigger vaccine development10.37349/ei.2021.000112768-6655https://doaj.org/article/384630a1f78d4c3098b31044bc0772de2021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.explorationpub.com/Journals/ei/Article/100311https://doaj.org/toc/2768-6655Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 spread globally and creates an alarming situation. Following the SARS-CoV-2 paradigm, therapeutic efficacy is achieved via repurposing several antiviral, antibacterial, and antimalarial drugs. Innate and adaptive immune cells work close to combat infection through the intricate production of antibodies (Abs) and inflammatory cytokines. As an essential component of the immune system, Abs play an important role in eliminating viruses and maintaining homeostasis. B lymphocytes (B cells) are effector cells, stringent to produce neutralizing Abs to combat infection. After recognizing SARS-CoV-2 antigens by a surface receptor called B cell receptors (BCRs) on the plasma membrane, the BCRs transmembrane signal transduction and immune activation results in Ab production and development of immune memory. Thus, it ensures that plasma B cells can quickly start an intricate immune response to generate efficient protective Abs to clear the pathogen. Nevertheless, considering therapeutic challenges in the context of the new coronavirus pandemic, this review addresses the molecular mechanism of the immune activation and function of novel SARS-CoV-2 specific B cells in the production of SARS-CoV-2 specific Abs. Additionally, these studies highlighted the Ab-mediated pathogenesis, the intriguing role of nano-scale signaling subunits, non-structural proteins during COVID-19 infection, and structural insights of SARS-CoV-2 specific Abs.Kabeer HaneefRabia SaleemMuhammad Saleem Iqbal KhanOlawale Samuel AdeyinkaSadeeq BandayMuhammad Umer AsgharZia Ur RahmanZainab FatimaOpen Exploration Publishing Inc.articlesevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2humoral immunityb cell receptorvaccine productionadaptive immunityantibody pathogenesiscytokine responsesnon-structural proteinImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607ENExploration of Immunology, Vol 1, Iss 3, Pp 140-154 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 humoral immunity b cell receptor vaccine production adaptive immunity antibody pathogenesis cytokine responses non-structural protein Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
spellingShingle	severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 humoral immunity b cell receptor vaccine production adaptive immunity antibody pathogenesis cytokine responses non-structural protein Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Kabeer Haneef Rabia Saleem Muhammad Saleem Iqbal Khan Olawale Samuel Adeyinka Sadeeq Banday Muhammad Umer Asghar Zia Ur Rahman Zainab Fatima Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 targeted antibodies cocktail and B cell receptor interplay: interventions to trigger vaccine development
description	Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 spread globally and creates an alarming situation. Following the SARS-CoV-2 paradigm, therapeutic efficacy is achieved via repurposing several antiviral, antibacterial, and antimalarial drugs. Innate and adaptive immune cells work close to combat infection through the intricate production of antibodies (Abs) and inflammatory cytokines. As an essential component of the immune system, Abs play an important role in eliminating viruses and maintaining homeostasis. B lymphocytes (B cells) are effector cells, stringent to produce neutralizing Abs to combat infection. After recognizing SARS-CoV-2 antigens by a surface receptor called B cell receptors (BCRs) on the plasma membrane, the BCRs transmembrane signal transduction and immune activation results in Ab production and development of immune memory. Thus, it ensures that plasma B cells can quickly start an intricate immune response to generate efficient protective Abs to clear the pathogen. Nevertheless, considering therapeutic challenges in the context of the new coronavirus pandemic, this review addresses the molecular mechanism of the immune activation and function of novel SARS-CoV-2 specific B cells in the production of SARS-CoV-2 specific Abs. Additionally, these studies highlighted the Ab-mediated pathogenesis, the intriguing role of nano-scale signaling subunits, non-structural proteins during COVID-19 infection, and structural insights of SARS-CoV-2 specific Abs.
format	article
author	Kabeer Haneef Rabia Saleem Muhammad Saleem Iqbal Khan Olawale Samuel Adeyinka Sadeeq Banday Muhammad Umer Asghar Zia Ur Rahman Zainab Fatima
author_facet	Kabeer Haneef Rabia Saleem Muhammad Saleem Iqbal Khan Olawale Samuel Adeyinka Sadeeq Banday Muhammad Umer Asghar Zia Ur Rahman Zainab Fatima
author_sort	Kabeer Haneef
title	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 targeted antibodies cocktail and B cell receptor interplay: interventions to trigger vaccine development
title_short	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 targeted antibodies cocktail and B cell receptor interplay: interventions to trigger vaccine development
title_full	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 targeted antibodies cocktail and B cell receptor interplay: interventions to trigger vaccine development
title_fullStr	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 targeted antibodies cocktail and B cell receptor interplay: interventions to trigger vaccine development
title_full_unstemmed	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 targeted antibodies cocktail and B cell receptor interplay: interventions to trigger vaccine development
title_sort	severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 targeted antibodies cocktail and b cell receptor interplay: interventions to trigger vaccine development
publisher	Open Exploration Publishing Inc.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/384630a1f78d4c3098b31044bc0772de
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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 targeted antibodies cocktail and B cell receptor interplay: interventions to trigger vaccine development

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