Influence of macrophage polarization on the effectiveness of surgical therapy of peri-implantitis

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the influence of macrophage expression and polarization on the effectiveness of surgical therapy of peri-implantitis over a 6 month follow-up. Methods A total of fourteen patients (n = 14 implants) diagnosed with peri-implantitis underwent access flap surgery, granulatio...

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Autores principales:	Maria Elisa Galarraga-Vinueza, Karina Obreja, Chantal Khoury, Amira Begic, Ausra Ramanauskaite, Anton Sculean, Frank Schwarz
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	SpringerOpen 2021
Materias:	Biopsy Dental implant Immuno-histochemistry Peri-implantitis Macrophage polarization Combined surgical therapy Medicine R Dentistry RK1-715
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/38acc8e5322040468fc73ed5cda25954
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:38acc8e5322040468fc73ed5cda259542021-11-14T12:27:55ZInfluence of macrophage polarization on the effectiveness of surgical therapy of peri-implantitis10.1186/s40729-021-00391-22198-4034https://doaj.org/article/38acc8e5322040468fc73ed5cda259542021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-021-00391-2https://doaj.org/toc/2198-4034Abstract Purpose To evaluate the influence of macrophage expression and polarization on the effectiveness of surgical therapy of peri-implantitis over a 6 month follow-up. Methods A total of fourteen patients (n = 14 implants) diagnosed with peri-implantitis underwent access flap surgery, granulation tissue removal, implantoplasty, and augmentation at intra-bony components using a natural derived bone mineral and application of a native collagen membrane during a standardized surgical procedure. Granulation tissue biopsies were prepared for immunohistochemical characterization and macrophage polarization assessment. M1 and M2 phenotype expression was identified and quantified through immunohistochemical markers and histomorphometrical analyses. Clinical evaluation and data collection were performed initially and after a healing period of 6 months. Statistical analyses were performed to associate infiltrated area, macrophage, and M1/M2 phenotype influence on peri-implant tissue healing parameters after a 6-month follow-up. Results Mean infiltrated compartment (ICT) values occupied a total percentage of 70.3% ± 13.0 in the analyzed granulation tissue biopsies. Macrophages occupied a mean area of 15.3% ± 7.0. M1 and M2 phenotypes were present in 7.1 ± 4.1% and 5.5 ± 3.7%, respectively. No statistically significant difference was observed between M1 and M2% expression (p = 0.16). The mean M1/ M2 ratio amounted to 1.5 ± 0.8. Surgical therapy was associated with statistically significant reductions in mean bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD) and suppuration (SUPP) scores at 6 months (p < 0.05). Linear regression analyses revealed a significant correlation between macrophage expression (CD68%) and changes in PD scores and M1 (%) expression and changes in mucosal recession (MR) scores at 6 months. Conclusions The present data suggest that macrophages might influence peri-implant tissue healing mechanisms following surgical therapy of peri-implantitis over a short-term period. Particularly, changes in PD and MR scores were statistically significantly associated with macrophage expression and phenotype. Graphical AbstractMaria Elisa Galarraga-VinuezaKarina ObrejaChantal KhouryAmira BegicAusra RamanauskaiteAnton SculeanFrank SchwarzSpringerOpenarticleBiopsyDental implantImmuno-histochemistryPeri-implantitisMacrophage polarizationCombined surgical therapyMedicineRDentistryRK1-715ENInternational Journal of Implant Dentistry, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Biopsy Dental implant Immuno-histochemistry Peri-implantitis Macrophage polarization Combined surgical therapy Medicine R Dentistry RK1-715
spellingShingle	Biopsy Dental implant Immuno-histochemistry Peri-implantitis Macrophage polarization Combined surgical therapy Medicine R Dentistry RK1-715 Maria Elisa Galarraga-Vinueza Karina Obreja Chantal Khoury Amira Begic Ausra Ramanauskaite Anton Sculean Frank Schwarz Influence of macrophage polarization on the effectiveness of surgical therapy of peri-implantitis
description	Abstract Purpose To evaluate the influence of macrophage expression and polarization on the effectiveness of surgical therapy of peri-implantitis over a 6 month follow-up. Methods A total of fourteen patients (n = 14 implants) diagnosed with peri-implantitis underwent access flap surgery, granulation tissue removal, implantoplasty, and augmentation at intra-bony components using a natural derived bone mineral and application of a native collagen membrane during a standardized surgical procedure. Granulation tissue biopsies were prepared for immunohistochemical characterization and macrophage polarization assessment. M1 and M2 phenotype expression was identified and quantified through immunohistochemical markers and histomorphometrical analyses. Clinical evaluation and data collection were performed initially and after a healing period of 6 months. Statistical analyses were performed to associate infiltrated area, macrophage, and M1/M2 phenotype influence on peri-implant tissue healing parameters after a 6-month follow-up. Results Mean infiltrated compartment (ICT) values occupied a total percentage of 70.3% ± 13.0 in the analyzed granulation tissue biopsies. Macrophages occupied a mean area of 15.3% ± 7.0. M1 and M2 phenotypes were present in 7.1 ± 4.1% and 5.5 ± 3.7%, respectively. No statistically significant difference was observed between M1 and M2% expression (p = 0.16). The mean M1/ M2 ratio amounted to 1.5 ± 0.8. Surgical therapy was associated with statistically significant reductions in mean bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD) and suppuration (SUPP) scores at 6 months (p < 0.05). Linear regression analyses revealed a significant correlation between macrophage expression (CD68%) and changes in PD scores and M1 (%) expression and changes in mucosal recession (MR) scores at 6 months. Conclusions The present data suggest that macrophages might influence peri-implant tissue healing mechanisms following surgical therapy of peri-implantitis over a short-term period. Particularly, changes in PD and MR scores were statistically significantly associated with macrophage expression and phenotype. Graphical Abstract
format	article
author	Maria Elisa Galarraga-Vinueza Karina Obreja Chantal Khoury Amira Begic Ausra Ramanauskaite Anton Sculean Frank Schwarz
author_facet	Maria Elisa Galarraga-Vinueza Karina Obreja Chantal Khoury Amira Begic Ausra Ramanauskaite Anton Sculean Frank Schwarz
author_sort	Maria Elisa Galarraga-Vinueza
title	Influence of macrophage polarization on the effectiveness of surgical therapy of peri-implantitis
title_short	Influence of macrophage polarization on the effectiveness of surgical therapy of peri-implantitis
title_full	Influence of macrophage polarization on the effectiveness of surgical therapy of peri-implantitis
title_fullStr	Influence of macrophage polarization on the effectiveness of surgical therapy of peri-implantitis
title_full_unstemmed	Influence of macrophage polarization on the effectiveness of surgical therapy of peri-implantitis
title_sort	influence of macrophage polarization on the effectiveness of surgical therapy of peri-implantitis
publisher	SpringerOpen
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/38acc8e5322040468fc73ed5cda25954
work_keys_str_mv	AT mariaelisagalarragavinueza influenceofmacrophagepolarizationontheeffectivenessofsurgicaltherapyofperiimplantitis AT karinaobreja influenceofmacrophagepolarizationontheeffectivenessofsurgicaltherapyofperiimplantitis AT chantalkhoury influenceofmacrophagepolarizationontheeffectivenessofsurgicaltherapyofperiimplantitis AT amirabegic influenceofmacrophagepolarizationontheeffectivenessofsurgicaltherapyofperiimplantitis AT ausraramanauskaite influenceofmacrophagepolarizationontheeffectivenessofsurgicaltherapyofperiimplantitis AT antonsculean influenceofmacrophagepolarizationontheeffectivenessofsurgicaltherapyofperiimplantitis AT frankschwarz influenceofmacrophagepolarizationontheeffectivenessofsurgicaltherapyofperiimplantitis
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Influence of macrophage polarization on the effectiveness of surgical therapy of peri-implantitis

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