Gendered health, economic, social and safety impact of COVID-19 on adolescents and young adults in Nairobi, Kenya.

<h4>Background</h4>Infectious disease outbreaks like COVID-19 and their mitigation measures can exacerbate underlying gender disparities, particularly among adolescents and young adults in densely populated urban settings.<h4>Methods</h4>An existing cohort of youth ages 16-26...

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Autores principales:	Michele R Decker, Shannon N Wood, Mary Thiongo, Meagan E Byrne, Bianca Devoto, Rosemary Morgan, Kristin Bevilacqua, Anaise Williams, H Colleen Stuart, Grace Wamue-Ngare, Lori Heise, Nancy Glass, Philip Anglewicz, Elizabeth Gummerson, Peter Gichangi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/38c8001075f942028082b23c772f6128
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:38c8001075f942028082b23c772f61282021-12-02T20:16:24ZGendered health, economic, social and safety impact of COVID-19 on adolescents and young adults in Nairobi, Kenya.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0259583https://doaj.org/article/38c8001075f942028082b23c772f61282021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259583https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Infectious disease outbreaks like COVID-19 and their mitigation measures can exacerbate underlying gender disparities, particularly among adolescents and young adults in densely populated urban settings.<h4>Methods</h4>An existing cohort of youth ages 16-26 in Nairobi, Kenya completed a phone-based survey in August-October 2020 (n = 1217), supplemented by virtual focus group discussions and interviews with youth and stakeholders, to examine economic, health, social, and safety experiences during COVID-19, and gender disparities therein.<h4>Results</h4>COVID-19 risk perception was high with a gender differential favoring young women (95.5% vs. 84.2%; p<0.001); youth described mixed concern and challenges to prevention. During COVID-19, gender symmetry was observed in constrained access to contraception among contraceptive users (40.4% men; 34.6% women) and depressive symptoms (21.8% men; 24.3% women). Gender disparities rendered young women disproportionately unable to meet basic economic needs (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.21; p<0.05) and in need of healthcare during the pandemic (aOR = 1.59; p<0.001). At a bivariate level, women had lower full decisional control to leave the house (40.0% vs. 53.2%) and less consistent access to safe, private internet (26.1% vs. 40.2%), while men disproportionately experienced police interactions (60.1%, 55.2% of which included extortion). Gender-specific concerns for women included menstrual hygiene access challenges (52.0%), increased reliance on transactional partnerships, and gender-based violence, with 17.3% reporting past-year partner violence and 3.0% non-partner sexual violence. Qualitative results contextualize the mental health impact of economic disruption and isolation, and, among young women, privacy constraints.<h4>Implications</h4>Youth and young adults face gendered impacts of COVID-19, reflecting both underlying disparities and the pandemic's economic and social shock. Economic, health and technology-based supports must ensure equitable access for young women. Gender-responsive recovery efforts are necessary and must address the unique needs of youth.Michele R DeckerShannon N WoodMary ThiongoMeagan E ByrneBianca DevotoRosemary MorganKristin BevilacquaAnaise WilliamsH Colleen StuartGrace Wamue-NgareLori HeiseNancy GlassPhilip AnglewiczElizabeth GummersonPeter GichangiPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 11, p e0259583 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Michele R Decker Shannon N Wood Mary Thiongo Meagan E Byrne Bianca Devoto Rosemary Morgan Kristin Bevilacqua Anaise Williams H Colleen Stuart Grace Wamue-Ngare Lori Heise Nancy Glass Philip Anglewicz Elizabeth Gummerson Peter Gichangi Gendered health, economic, social and safety impact of COVID-19 on adolescents and young adults in Nairobi, Kenya.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Infectious disease outbreaks like COVID-19 and their mitigation measures can exacerbate underlying gender disparities, particularly among adolescents and young adults in densely populated urban settings.<h4>Methods</h4>An existing cohort of youth ages 16-26 in Nairobi, Kenya completed a phone-based survey in August-October 2020 (n = 1217), supplemented by virtual focus group discussions and interviews with youth and stakeholders, to examine economic, health, social, and safety experiences during COVID-19, and gender disparities therein.<h4>Results</h4>COVID-19 risk perception was high with a gender differential favoring young women (95.5% vs. 84.2%; p<0.001); youth described mixed concern and challenges to prevention. During COVID-19, gender symmetry was observed in constrained access to contraception among contraceptive users (40.4% men; 34.6% women) and depressive symptoms (21.8% men; 24.3% women). Gender disparities rendered young women disproportionately unable to meet basic economic needs (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.21; p<0.05) and in need of healthcare during the pandemic (aOR = 1.59; p<0.001). At a bivariate level, women had lower full decisional control to leave the house (40.0% vs. 53.2%) and less consistent access to safe, private internet (26.1% vs. 40.2%), while men disproportionately experienced police interactions (60.1%, 55.2% of which included extortion). Gender-specific concerns for women included menstrual hygiene access challenges (52.0%), increased reliance on transactional partnerships, and gender-based violence, with 17.3% reporting past-year partner violence and 3.0% non-partner sexual violence. Qualitative results contextualize the mental health impact of economic disruption and isolation, and, among young women, privacy constraints.<h4>Implications</h4>Youth and young adults face gendered impacts of COVID-19, reflecting both underlying disparities and the pandemic's economic and social shock. Economic, health and technology-based supports must ensure equitable access for young women. Gender-responsive recovery efforts are necessary and must address the unique needs of youth.
format	article
author	Michele R Decker Shannon N Wood Mary Thiongo Meagan E Byrne Bianca Devoto Rosemary Morgan Kristin Bevilacqua Anaise Williams H Colleen Stuart Grace Wamue-Ngare Lori Heise Nancy Glass Philip Anglewicz Elizabeth Gummerson Peter Gichangi
author_facet	Michele R Decker Shannon N Wood Mary Thiongo Meagan E Byrne Bianca Devoto Rosemary Morgan Kristin Bevilacqua Anaise Williams H Colleen Stuart Grace Wamue-Ngare Lori Heise Nancy Glass Philip Anglewicz Elizabeth Gummerson Peter Gichangi
author_sort	Michele R Decker
title	Gendered health, economic, social and safety impact of COVID-19 on adolescents and young adults in Nairobi, Kenya.
title_short	Gendered health, economic, social and safety impact of COVID-19 on adolescents and young adults in Nairobi, Kenya.
title_full	Gendered health, economic, social and safety impact of COVID-19 on adolescents and young adults in Nairobi, Kenya.
title_fullStr	Gendered health, economic, social and safety impact of COVID-19 on adolescents and young adults in Nairobi, Kenya.
title_full_unstemmed	Gendered health, economic, social and safety impact of COVID-19 on adolescents and young adults in Nairobi, Kenya.
title_sort	gendered health, economic, social and safety impact of covid-19 on adolescents and young adults in nairobi, kenya.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/38c8001075f942028082b23c772f6128
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Gendered health, economic, social and safety impact of COVID-19 on adolescents and young adults in Nairobi, Kenya.

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