Paediatric Antimicrobial Stewardship for Respiratory Infections in the Emergency Setting: A Systematic Review

Antimicrobial resistance occurs due to the propensity of microbial pathogens to develop resistance to antibiotics over time. Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) have been developed in response to this growing crisis, to limit unnecessary antibiotic prescription through initiatives such as educ...

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Autores principales:	Keshani Weragama, Poonam Mudgil, John Whitehall
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	paediatric antibiotic stewardship paediatric antibiotic resistance antimicrobial stewardship programs ASP antimicrobial resistance respiratory tract infections Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/38f1a364997249e48779efbfc633dffb
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:38f1a364997249e48779efbfc633dffb2021-11-25T16:23:51ZPaediatric Antimicrobial Stewardship for Respiratory Infections in the Emergency Setting: A Systematic Review10.3390/antibiotics101113662079-6382https://doaj.org/article/38f1a364997249e48779efbfc633dffb2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/11/1366https://doaj.org/toc/2079-6382Antimicrobial resistance occurs due to the propensity of microbial pathogens to develop resistance to antibiotics over time. Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) have been developed in response to this growing crisis, to limit unnecessary antibiotic prescription through initiatives such as education-based seminars, prescribing guidelines, and rapid respiratory pathogen (RRP) testing. Paediatric patients who present to the emergency setting with respiratory symptoms are a particularly high-risk population susceptible to inappropriate antibiotic prescribing behaviours and are therefore an ideal cohort for focused ASPs. The purpose of this systematic review was to assess the efficacy and safety of ASPs in this clinical context. A systematic search of PubMed, Medline, EMBASE and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews was conducted to review the current evidence. Thirteen studies were included in the review and these studies assessed a range of stewardship interventions and outcome measures. Overall, ASPs reduced the rates of antibiotic prescription, increased the prescription of narrow-spectrum antibiotics, and shortened the duration of antibiotic therapy. Multimodal interventions that were education-based and those that used RRP testing were found to be the most effective. Whilst we found strong evidence that ASPs are effective in reducing antibiotic prescribing, further studies are required to assess whether they translate to equivalent clinical outcomes.Keshani WeragamaPoonam MudgilJohn WhitehallMDPI AGarticlepaediatric antibiotic stewardshippaediatric antibiotic resistanceantimicrobial stewardship programsASPantimicrobial resistancerespiratory tract infectionsTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENAntibiotics, Vol 10, Iss 1366, p 1366 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	paediatric antibiotic stewardship paediatric antibiotic resistance antimicrobial stewardship programs ASP antimicrobial resistance respiratory tract infections Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
spellingShingle	paediatric antibiotic stewardship paediatric antibiotic resistance antimicrobial stewardship programs ASP antimicrobial resistance respiratory tract infections Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950 Keshani Weragama Poonam Mudgil John Whitehall Paediatric Antimicrobial Stewardship for Respiratory Infections in the Emergency Setting: A Systematic Review
description	Antimicrobial resistance occurs due to the propensity of microbial pathogens to develop resistance to antibiotics over time. Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) have been developed in response to this growing crisis, to limit unnecessary antibiotic prescription through initiatives such as education-based seminars, prescribing guidelines, and rapid respiratory pathogen (RRP) testing. Paediatric patients who present to the emergency setting with respiratory symptoms are a particularly high-risk population susceptible to inappropriate antibiotic prescribing behaviours and are therefore an ideal cohort for focused ASPs. The purpose of this systematic review was to assess the efficacy and safety of ASPs in this clinical context. A systematic search of PubMed, Medline, EMBASE and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews was conducted to review the current evidence. Thirteen studies were included in the review and these studies assessed a range of stewardship interventions and outcome measures. Overall, ASPs reduced the rates of antibiotic prescription, increased the prescription of narrow-spectrum antibiotics, and shortened the duration of antibiotic therapy. Multimodal interventions that were education-based and those that used RRP testing were found to be the most effective. Whilst we found strong evidence that ASPs are effective in reducing antibiotic prescribing, further studies are required to assess whether they translate to equivalent clinical outcomes.
format	article
author	Keshani Weragama Poonam Mudgil John Whitehall
author_facet	Keshani Weragama Poonam Mudgil John Whitehall
author_sort	Keshani Weragama
title	Paediatric Antimicrobial Stewardship for Respiratory Infections in the Emergency Setting: A Systematic Review
title_short	Paediatric Antimicrobial Stewardship for Respiratory Infections in the Emergency Setting: A Systematic Review
title_full	Paediatric Antimicrobial Stewardship for Respiratory Infections in the Emergency Setting: A Systematic Review
title_fullStr	Paediatric Antimicrobial Stewardship for Respiratory Infections in the Emergency Setting: A Systematic Review
title_full_unstemmed	Paediatric Antimicrobial Stewardship for Respiratory Infections in the Emergency Setting: A Systematic Review
title_sort	paediatric antimicrobial stewardship for respiratory infections in the emergency setting: a systematic review
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/38f1a364997249e48779efbfc633dffb
work_keys_str_mv	AT keshaniweragama paediatricantimicrobialstewardshipforrespiratoryinfectionsintheemergencysettingasystematicreview AT poonammudgil paediatricantimicrobialstewardshipforrespiratoryinfectionsintheemergencysettingasystematicreview AT johnwhitehall paediatricantimicrobialstewardshipforrespiratoryinfectionsintheemergencysettingasystematicreview
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Paediatric Antimicrobial Stewardship for Respiratory Infections in the Emergency Setting: A Systematic Review

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