Effects of Plant-Based Diets on Weight Status in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials

Excessive adiposity is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D), and dietary patterns are important determinants of weight status. Plant-based dietary patterns (PBDs) are known for their therapeutic effects on T2D. The aim is to systematically review RCTs to investigate the effects of various P...

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Autores principales:	Grace Austin, Jessica J. A. Ferguson, Manohar L. Garg
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	plant-based diet vegan vegetarian pescatarian pesco-vegetarian lacto-ovo-vegetarian Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/38f98f3f50d14cee806cd2d666de512f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:38f98f3f50d14cee806cd2d666de512f2021-11-25T18:36:46ZEffects of Plant-Based Diets on Weight Status in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials10.3390/nu131140992072-6643https://doaj.org/article/38f98f3f50d14cee806cd2d666de512f2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/4099https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6643Excessive adiposity is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D), and dietary patterns are important determinants of weight status. Plant-based dietary patterns (PBDs) are known for their therapeutic effects on T2D. The aim is to systematically review RCTs to investigate the effects of various PBDs compared to regular meat-eating diets (RMDs), in individuals who normally consume a RMD on body weight, BMI, and waist circumference in T2D. RCTs investigating PBDs and body weight, BMI, WC for ≥6 weeks in adults with T2D since 1980 were eligible for inclusion. Seven trials (<i>n</i> = 269) were included in the meta-analysis using random-effects models and expressed as MD (95%Cls). Compared to RMDs, PBDs significantly lowered body weight (−2.35 kg, 95% CI: −3.51, −1.19, <i>p</i> < 0.001), BMI (−0.90 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, 95% CI: −1.42, −0.38, <i>p</i> = 0.001) and WC (−2.41 cm, 95% CI: −3.72, −1.09, <i>p</i> < 0.001). PBDs alone significantly reduced body weight by 5.1% (−4.95 kg, 95% CI: −7.34, −2.55, <i>p</i> < 0.001), BMI by 5.4% (−1.87 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, 95% CI: −2.78, −0.95, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and WC by 4.3%(−4.23, 95% CI: −6.38, −2.07, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Interventions not limiting energy intake led to a significant reduction in body weight (−2.54 kg, 95% CI: −4.16, −0.92, <i>p</i> < 0.005) and BMI (−0.91 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, 95% CI: −1.56, −0.25, <i>p</i> < 0.005). Trials ≥16 weeks had a pronounced reduction in body weight (−2.93 kg, 95% CI: −5.00, −0.87, <i>p</i> = 0.005) and BMI (−1.13 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, 95% CI: −1.89, −0.38, <i>p</i> < 0.005). These findings provide evidence for the implementation of PBDs for better management of central adiposity in individuals with T2D.Grace AustinJessica J. A. FergusonManohar L. GargMDPI AGarticleplant-based dietveganvegetarianpescatarianpesco-vegetarianlacto-ovo-vegetarianNutrition. Foods and food supplyTX341-641ENNutrients, Vol 13, Iss 4099, p 4099 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	plant-based diet vegan vegetarian pescatarian pesco-vegetarian lacto-ovo-vegetarian Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
spellingShingle	plant-based diet vegan vegetarian pescatarian pesco-vegetarian lacto-ovo-vegetarian Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Grace Austin Jessica J. A. Ferguson Manohar L. Garg Effects of Plant-Based Diets on Weight Status in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials
description	Excessive adiposity is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D), and dietary patterns are important determinants of weight status. Plant-based dietary patterns (PBDs) are known for their therapeutic effects on T2D. The aim is to systematically review RCTs to investigate the effects of various PBDs compared to regular meat-eating diets (RMDs), in individuals who normally consume a RMD on body weight, BMI, and waist circumference in T2D. RCTs investigating PBDs and body weight, BMI, WC for ≥6 weeks in adults with T2D since 1980 were eligible for inclusion. Seven trials (<i>n</i> = 269) were included in the meta-analysis using random-effects models and expressed as MD (95%Cls). Compared to RMDs, PBDs significantly lowered body weight (−2.35 kg, 95% CI: −3.51, −1.19, <i>p</i> < 0.001), BMI (−0.90 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, 95% CI: −1.42, −0.38, <i>p</i> = 0.001) and WC (−2.41 cm, 95% CI: −3.72, −1.09, <i>p</i> < 0.001). PBDs alone significantly reduced body weight by 5.1% (−4.95 kg, 95% CI: −7.34, −2.55, <i>p</i> < 0.001), BMI by 5.4% (−1.87 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, 95% CI: −2.78, −0.95, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and WC by 4.3%(−4.23, 95% CI: −6.38, −2.07, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Interventions not limiting energy intake led to a significant reduction in body weight (−2.54 kg, 95% CI: −4.16, −0.92, <i>p</i> < 0.005) and BMI (−0.91 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, 95% CI: −1.56, −0.25, <i>p</i> < 0.005). Trials ≥16 weeks had a pronounced reduction in body weight (−2.93 kg, 95% CI: −5.00, −0.87, <i>p</i> = 0.005) and BMI (−1.13 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, 95% CI: −1.89, −0.38, <i>p</i> < 0.005). These findings provide evidence for the implementation of PBDs for better management of central adiposity in individuals with T2D.
format	article
author	Grace Austin Jessica J. A. Ferguson Manohar L. Garg
author_facet	Grace Austin Jessica J. A. Ferguson Manohar L. Garg
author_sort	Grace Austin
title	Effects of Plant-Based Diets on Weight Status in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials
title_short	Effects of Plant-Based Diets on Weight Status in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials
title_full	Effects of Plant-Based Diets on Weight Status in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials
title_fullStr	Effects of Plant-Based Diets on Weight Status in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials
title_full_unstemmed	Effects of Plant-Based Diets on Weight Status in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials
title_sort	effects of plant-based diets on weight status in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/38f98f3f50d14cee806cd2d666de512f
work_keys_str_mv	AT graceaustin effectsofplantbaseddietsonweightstatusintype2diabetesasystematicreviewandmetaanalysisofrandomisedcontrolledtrials AT jessicajaferguson effectsofplantbaseddietsonweightstatusintype2diabetesasystematicreviewandmetaanalysisofrandomisedcontrolledtrials AT manoharlgarg effectsofplantbaseddietsonweightstatusintype2diabetesasystematicreviewandmetaanalysisofrandomisedcontrolledtrials
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Effects of Plant-Based Diets on Weight Status in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials

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