Diet and Lifestyle Factors and Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease—A Prospective Cohort Study
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the association between diet and lifestyle factors, beyond traditional risk factors, and the risk of incident ACVD. The Malmö Diet and Cancer study included 30,446 middle-aged indiv...
Guardado en:
Autores principales: | , , |
---|---|
Formato: | article |
Lenguaje: | EN |
Publicado: |
MDPI AG
2021
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/3909bd46ee3c4cbcbff98285a25f3df2 |
Etiquetas: |
Agregar Etiqueta
Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!
|
id |
oai:doaj.org-article:3909bd46ee3c4cbcbff98285a25f3df2 |
---|---|
record_format |
dspace |
spelling |
oai:doaj.org-article:3909bd46ee3c4cbcbff98285a25f3df22021-11-25T18:34:25ZDiet and Lifestyle Factors and Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease—A Prospective Cohort Study10.3390/nu131138222072-6643https://doaj.org/article/3909bd46ee3c4cbcbff98285a25f3df22021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/3822https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6643Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the association between diet and lifestyle factors, beyond traditional risk factors, and the risk of incident ACVD. The Malmö Diet and Cancer study included 30,446 middle-aged individuals. Baseline examinations including a dietary assessment, questionnaire and interviews, were performed between 1991–1996. After excluding individuals with prevalent cardiovascular disease and atrial fibrillation or flutter, 26,990 participants remained. In a previously developed diet quality index, adherence to recommended intake of saturated fat (SFA), polyunsaturated fat (PUFA), fish and shellfish, fiber, vegetables and fruit, and sucrose results in one point per dietary component, with a maximum diet score of six points. Diagnosis of incident ACVD was based on validated diagnoses of coronary artery disease, atherothrombotic ischemic stroke, carotid artery disease or peripheral artery disease. Multivariable Cox regression analysis adjusting for established risk factors was performed to assess hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). After a median follow-up of 21.1 years, 5858 (21.7%) individuals diagnosed with ACVD unrelated to atrial fibrillation or flutter were identified. Higher diet score (HR 0.94/point increase; 95% CI 0.91–0.97; <i>p</i> < 0.001), intake of fish and shellfish (HR 0.95/standard deviation (SD) increment, 95% CI 0.93–0.98), fiber (HR 0.93/SD increment, 95% CI 0.89–0.98) and SFA (HR 0.96/SD increment, 95% CI 0.92–0.99) consumption were associated with decreased risk for incident ACVD. High leisure-time physical activity (HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.74–0.91) was associated with reduced risk and obesity (HR 1.17, 95% CI 1.08–1.27) with increased risk of incident ACVD. The present study strengthens current recommendations of improving diet quality and increasing physical activity in preventing ACVD.Stefan AcostaAnna JohanssonIsabel DrakeMDPI AGarticleatherosclerosiscardiovascular diseaseepidemiologydiet qualityfishfiberNutrition. Foods and food supplyTX341-641ENNutrients, Vol 13, Iss 3822, p 3822 (2021) |
institution |
DOAJ |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
EN |
topic |
atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease epidemiology diet quality fish fiber Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 |
spellingShingle |
atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease epidemiology diet quality fish fiber Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Stefan Acosta Anna Johansson Isabel Drake Diet and Lifestyle Factors and Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease—A Prospective Cohort Study |
description |
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the association between diet and lifestyle factors, beyond traditional risk factors, and the risk of incident ACVD. The Malmö Diet and Cancer study included 30,446 middle-aged individuals. Baseline examinations including a dietary assessment, questionnaire and interviews, were performed between 1991–1996. After excluding individuals with prevalent cardiovascular disease and atrial fibrillation or flutter, 26,990 participants remained. In a previously developed diet quality index, adherence to recommended intake of saturated fat (SFA), polyunsaturated fat (PUFA), fish and shellfish, fiber, vegetables and fruit, and sucrose results in one point per dietary component, with a maximum diet score of six points. Diagnosis of incident ACVD was based on validated diagnoses of coronary artery disease, atherothrombotic ischemic stroke, carotid artery disease or peripheral artery disease. Multivariable Cox regression analysis adjusting for established risk factors was performed to assess hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). After a median follow-up of 21.1 years, 5858 (21.7%) individuals diagnosed with ACVD unrelated to atrial fibrillation or flutter were identified. Higher diet score (HR 0.94/point increase; 95% CI 0.91–0.97; <i>p</i> < 0.001), intake of fish and shellfish (HR 0.95/standard deviation (SD) increment, 95% CI 0.93–0.98), fiber (HR 0.93/SD increment, 95% CI 0.89–0.98) and SFA (HR 0.96/SD increment, 95% CI 0.92–0.99) consumption were associated with decreased risk for incident ACVD. High leisure-time physical activity (HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.74–0.91) was associated with reduced risk and obesity (HR 1.17, 95% CI 1.08–1.27) with increased risk of incident ACVD. The present study strengthens current recommendations of improving diet quality and increasing physical activity in preventing ACVD. |
format |
article |
author |
Stefan Acosta Anna Johansson Isabel Drake |
author_facet |
Stefan Acosta Anna Johansson Isabel Drake |
author_sort |
Stefan Acosta |
title |
Diet and Lifestyle Factors and Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease—A Prospective Cohort Study |
title_short |
Diet and Lifestyle Factors and Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease—A Prospective Cohort Study |
title_full |
Diet and Lifestyle Factors and Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease—A Prospective Cohort Study |
title_fullStr |
Diet and Lifestyle Factors and Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease—A Prospective Cohort Study |
title_full_unstemmed |
Diet and Lifestyle Factors and Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease—A Prospective Cohort Study |
title_sort |
diet and lifestyle factors and risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease—a prospective cohort study |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doaj.org/article/3909bd46ee3c4cbcbff98285a25f3df2 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT stefanacosta dietandlifestylefactorsandriskofatheroscleroticcardiovasculardiseaseaprospectivecohortstudy AT annajohansson dietandlifestylefactorsandriskofatheroscleroticcardiovasculardiseaseaprospectivecohortstudy AT isabeldrake dietandlifestylefactorsandriskofatheroscleroticcardiovasculardiseaseaprospectivecohortstudy |
_version_ |
1718410945691123712 |