The role of glutamine synthetase isozymes in enhancing nitrogen use efficiency of N-efficient winter wheat

Abstract Glutamine synthetase (GS) isozymes play critical roles in nitrogen (N) metabolism. However, the exact relationship between GS and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) remain unclear. We have selected and compared two wheat cultivars, YM49 and XN509, which were identified as the N-efficient and N-i...

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Autores principales:	Zhiyong Zhang, Shuping Xiong, Yihao Wei, Xiaodan Meng, Xiaochun Wang, Xinming Ma
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3928c2e913fc48edab4a6585b76e85b2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3928c2e913fc48edab4a6585b76e85b22021-12-02T12:30:25ZThe role of glutamine synthetase isozymes in enhancing nitrogen use efficiency of N-efficient winter wheat10.1038/s41598-017-01071-12045-2322https://doaj.org/article/3928c2e913fc48edab4a6585b76e85b22017-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-01071-1https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Glutamine synthetase (GS) isozymes play critical roles in nitrogen (N) metabolism. However, the exact relationship between GS and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) remain unclear. We have selected and compared two wheat cultivars, YM49 and XN509, which were identified as the N-efficient and N-inefficient genotypes, respectively. In this study, agronomical, morphological, physiological and biochemical approaches were performed. The results showed that TaGS1 was high expressed post-anthesis, and TaGS2 was highly expressed pre-anthesis in N-efficient genotype compared to N-inefficient genotype. GS1 and GS2 isozymes were also separated by native-PAGE and found that the spatial and temporal distribution of GS isozymes, their expression of gene and protein subunits in source-sink-flow organs during development periods triggered the pool strength and influenced the N flow. According to the physiological role of GS isozymes, we illustrated four metabolic regulation points, by which acting collaboratively in different organs, accelerating the transport of nutrients to the grain. It suggested that the regulation of GS isozymes may promote flow strength and enhance NUE by a complex C-N metabolic mechanism. The relative activity or amount of GS1 and GS2 isozymes could be a potential marker to predict and select wheat genotypes with enhanced NUE.Zhiyong ZhangShuping XiongYihao WeiXiaodan MengXiaochun WangXinming MaNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Zhiyong Zhang Shuping Xiong Yihao Wei Xiaodan Meng Xiaochun Wang Xinming Ma The role of glutamine synthetase isozymes in enhancing nitrogen use efficiency of N-efficient winter wheat
description	Abstract Glutamine synthetase (GS) isozymes play critical roles in nitrogen (N) metabolism. However, the exact relationship between GS and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) remain unclear. We have selected and compared two wheat cultivars, YM49 and XN509, which were identified as the N-efficient and N-inefficient genotypes, respectively. In this study, agronomical, morphological, physiological and biochemical approaches were performed. The results showed that TaGS1 was high expressed post-anthesis, and TaGS2 was highly expressed pre-anthesis in N-efficient genotype compared to N-inefficient genotype. GS1 and GS2 isozymes were also separated by native-PAGE and found that the spatial and temporal distribution of GS isozymes, their expression of gene and protein subunits in source-sink-flow organs during development periods triggered the pool strength and influenced the N flow. According to the physiological role of GS isozymes, we illustrated four metabolic regulation points, by which acting collaboratively in different organs, accelerating the transport of nutrients to the grain. It suggested that the regulation of GS isozymes may promote flow strength and enhance NUE by a complex C-N metabolic mechanism. The relative activity or amount of GS1 and GS2 isozymes could be a potential marker to predict and select wheat genotypes with enhanced NUE.
format	article
author	Zhiyong Zhang Shuping Xiong Yihao Wei Xiaodan Meng Xiaochun Wang Xinming Ma
author_facet	Zhiyong Zhang Shuping Xiong Yihao Wei Xiaodan Meng Xiaochun Wang Xinming Ma
author_sort	Zhiyong Zhang
title	The role of glutamine synthetase isozymes in enhancing nitrogen use efficiency of N-efficient winter wheat
title_short	The role of glutamine synthetase isozymes in enhancing nitrogen use efficiency of N-efficient winter wheat
title_full	The role of glutamine synthetase isozymes in enhancing nitrogen use efficiency of N-efficient winter wheat
title_fullStr	The role of glutamine synthetase isozymes in enhancing nitrogen use efficiency of N-efficient winter wheat
title_full_unstemmed	The role of glutamine synthetase isozymes in enhancing nitrogen use efficiency of N-efficient winter wheat
title_sort	role of glutamine synthetase isozymes in enhancing nitrogen use efficiency of n-efficient winter wheat
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/3928c2e913fc48edab4a6585b76e85b2
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The role of glutamine synthetase isozymes in enhancing nitrogen use efficiency of N-efficient winter wheat

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