Modified bentonite as a conditioning agent for stabilising heavy metals and retaining nutrients in sewage sludge for agricultural uses

The management and disposal of excess sludge are emerging issues owing to the high costs associated with treatment. In this study, the viability of a modified bentonite was investigated as a conditioning agent for the stabilisation of heavy metals (i.e., Cu, Zn, Cr, Pb, and Cd) and the retention of...

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Autores principales:	Yu Cheng, Kangmin Chon, Xianghao Ren, Meiling Li, Yingying Kou, Moon-Hyun Hwang, Kyu-Jung Chae
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	IWA Publishing 2021
Materias:	analytic hierarchy process modelling heavy metals modified bentonite nutrients sewage sludge Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3972e8007c664ef4822c9214da91811d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3972e8007c664ef4822c9214da91811d2021-11-23T18:40:50ZModified bentonite as a conditioning agent for stabilising heavy metals and retaining nutrients in sewage sludge for agricultural uses0273-12231996-973210.2166/wst.2021.450https://doaj.org/article/3972e8007c664ef4822c9214da91811d2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttp://wst.iwaponline.com/content/84/9/2252https://doaj.org/toc/0273-1223https://doaj.org/toc/1996-9732The management and disposal of excess sludge are emerging issues owing to the high costs associated with treatment. In this study, the viability of a modified bentonite was investigated as a conditioning agent for the stabilisation of heavy metals (i.e., Cu, Zn, Cr, Pb, and Cd) and the retention of nutrient species (i.e., total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), available nitrogen (available N), and Olsen-phosphorus (Olsen-P)) in sewage sludge for agricultural use. Five grams of modified bentonite resulted in the highest stabilisation rate of heavy metals and strongly contributed to the stabilisation of heavy metals. However, increased amounts of modified bentonite might increase the TN, available N, and TP losses in the conditioned sewage sludge. Through the analytic hierarchy process modelling, optimal concentrations of nutrient species and heavy metals remaining in the conditioned sewage sludge were achieved when the ratio of bentonite to sewage sludge was 1:12.5 (4 g bentonite : 50 g sludge). Moreover, the optimal mixing ratio of the conditioned sewage sludge to the soil (1:2) was suggested for agricultural use. Based on these observations, modified bentonite allowed the sewage sludge to be used as a fertiliser in agriculture by stabilising heavy metals and retaining nutrient species. HIGHLIGHTS The modified bentonite stabilised the heavy metals and retained the nutrient elements in the sewage sludge.; The AHP modelling revealed the optimal ratio of bentonite to sewage sludge (4 g bentonite : 50 g sludge).; The optimal mixing ratio of the conditioned sewage sludge to the soil (1:2) was suggested for agricultural use.; The modified bentonite allowed sewage sludge to be used as a fertiliser in agriculture.;Yu ChengKangmin ChonXianghao RenMeiling LiYingying KouMoon-Hyun HwangKyu-Jung ChaeIWA Publishingarticleanalytic hierarchy process modellingheavy metalsmodified bentonitenutrientssewage sludgeEnvironmental technology. Sanitary engineeringTD1-1066ENWater Science and Technology, Vol 84, Iss 9, Pp 2252-2264 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	analytic hierarchy process modelling heavy metals modified bentonite nutrients sewage sludge Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066
spellingShingle	analytic hierarchy process modelling heavy metals modified bentonite nutrients sewage sludge Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Yu Cheng Kangmin Chon Xianghao Ren Meiling Li Yingying Kou Moon-Hyun Hwang Kyu-Jung Chae Modified bentonite as a conditioning agent for stabilising heavy metals and retaining nutrients in sewage sludge for agricultural uses
description	The management and disposal of excess sludge are emerging issues owing to the high costs associated with treatment. In this study, the viability of a modified bentonite was investigated as a conditioning agent for the stabilisation of heavy metals (i.e., Cu, Zn, Cr, Pb, and Cd) and the retention of nutrient species (i.e., total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), available nitrogen (available N), and Olsen-phosphorus (Olsen-P)) in sewage sludge for agricultural use. Five grams of modified bentonite resulted in the highest stabilisation rate of heavy metals and strongly contributed to the stabilisation of heavy metals. However, increased amounts of modified bentonite might increase the TN, available N, and TP losses in the conditioned sewage sludge. Through the analytic hierarchy process modelling, optimal concentrations of nutrient species and heavy metals remaining in the conditioned sewage sludge were achieved when the ratio of bentonite to sewage sludge was 1:12.5 (4 g bentonite : 50 g sludge). Moreover, the optimal mixing ratio of the conditioned sewage sludge to the soil (1:2) was suggested for agricultural use. Based on these observations, modified bentonite allowed the sewage sludge to be used as a fertiliser in agriculture by stabilising heavy metals and retaining nutrient species. HIGHLIGHTS The modified bentonite stabilised the heavy metals and retained the nutrient elements in the sewage sludge.; The AHP modelling revealed the optimal ratio of bentonite to sewage sludge (4 g bentonite : 50 g sludge).; The optimal mixing ratio of the conditioned sewage sludge to the soil (1:2) was suggested for agricultural use.; The modified bentonite allowed sewage sludge to be used as a fertiliser in agriculture.;
format	article
author	Yu Cheng Kangmin Chon Xianghao Ren Meiling Li Yingying Kou Moon-Hyun Hwang Kyu-Jung Chae
author_facet	Yu Cheng Kangmin Chon Xianghao Ren Meiling Li Yingying Kou Moon-Hyun Hwang Kyu-Jung Chae
author_sort	Yu Cheng
title	Modified bentonite as a conditioning agent for stabilising heavy metals and retaining nutrients in sewage sludge for agricultural uses
title_short	Modified bentonite as a conditioning agent for stabilising heavy metals and retaining nutrients in sewage sludge for agricultural uses
title_full	Modified bentonite as a conditioning agent for stabilising heavy metals and retaining nutrients in sewage sludge for agricultural uses
title_fullStr	Modified bentonite as a conditioning agent for stabilising heavy metals and retaining nutrients in sewage sludge for agricultural uses
title_full_unstemmed	Modified bentonite as a conditioning agent for stabilising heavy metals and retaining nutrients in sewage sludge for agricultural uses
title_sort	modified bentonite as a conditioning agent for stabilising heavy metals and retaining nutrients in sewage sludge for agricultural uses
publisher	IWA Publishing
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3972e8007c664ef4822c9214da91811d
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Modified bentonite as a conditioning agent for stabilising heavy metals and retaining nutrients in sewage sludge for agricultural uses

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