Late Holocene Hydro-Climate Variability in the Eastern Mediterranean: A Spatial Multi-Proxy Approach

A total of thirteen (13) paleoclimatic coastal and hinterland archives of the broader eastern Mediterranean region were collected and examined statistically in search of underlying trends for the period 2800 to 200 BP. For each archive, a proxy record representative of hydro-climatic changes was sel...

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Autores principales:	Dimitrios Bassukas, Alexandros Emmanouilidis, Pavlos Avramidis
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	z-scores coastal records lake records proxy synthesis paleoclimate Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/397b59869a7c41de8b34b91fbfa02907
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:397b59869a7c41de8b34b91fbfa029072021-11-25T19:15:59ZLate Holocene Hydro-Climate Variability in the Eastern Mediterranean: A Spatial Multi-Proxy Approach10.3390/w132232522073-4441https://doaj.org/article/397b59869a7c41de8b34b91fbfa029072021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/22/3252https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4441A total of thirteen (13) paleoclimatic coastal and hinterland archives of the broader eastern Mediterranean region were collected and examined statistically in search of underlying trends for the period 2800 to 200 BP. For each archive, a proxy record representative of hydro-climatic changes was selected, normalized using z-factors to facilitate intercomparison, and analyzed statistically. Multivariate statistical analysis was performed using a clustering analysis (HCA) and dimension reduction (PCA), which led to groupings of similar records temporally, and allowed the identification of spatially underlying modes of variability. Two main modes of variability were identified, further supporting complex trajectories of paleoclimatic evolution in the region. The first mode was identified for sites presenting a trend from a wetter to an overall drier phase, with respective changes at major phase shifts at 1400 BP and 1100 BP. All sites were from the southern and northern Balkan region, as well as southwestern Turkey. A contrasting dry to wet trend was identified for a site in the Peloponnese (Greece) and the Levant, with a major phase shift at around 750 BP. The inclusion of different proxies from very different environmental settings and the 200-year window has complicated the connection of established short-term climatic events to the study’s findings.Dimitrios BassukasAlexandros EmmanouilidisPavlos AvramidisMDPI AGarticlez-scorescoastal recordslake recordsproxy synthesispaleoclimateHydraulic engineeringTC1-978Water supply for domestic and industrial purposesTD201-500ENWater, Vol 13, Iss 3252, p 3252 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	z-scores coastal records lake records proxy synthesis paleoclimate Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
spellingShingle	z-scores coastal records lake records proxy synthesis paleoclimate Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500 Dimitrios Bassukas Alexandros Emmanouilidis Pavlos Avramidis Late Holocene Hydro-Climate Variability in the Eastern Mediterranean: A Spatial Multi-Proxy Approach
description	A total of thirteen (13) paleoclimatic coastal and hinterland archives of the broader eastern Mediterranean region were collected and examined statistically in search of underlying trends for the period 2800 to 200 BP. For each archive, a proxy record representative of hydro-climatic changes was selected, normalized using z-factors to facilitate intercomparison, and analyzed statistically. Multivariate statistical analysis was performed using a clustering analysis (HCA) and dimension reduction (PCA), which led to groupings of similar records temporally, and allowed the identification of spatially underlying modes of variability. Two main modes of variability were identified, further supporting complex trajectories of paleoclimatic evolution in the region. The first mode was identified for sites presenting a trend from a wetter to an overall drier phase, with respective changes at major phase shifts at 1400 BP and 1100 BP. All sites were from the southern and northern Balkan region, as well as southwestern Turkey. A contrasting dry to wet trend was identified for a site in the Peloponnese (Greece) and the Levant, with a major phase shift at around 750 BP. The inclusion of different proxies from very different environmental settings and the 200-year window has complicated the connection of established short-term climatic events to the study’s findings.
format	article
author	Dimitrios Bassukas Alexandros Emmanouilidis Pavlos Avramidis
author_facet	Dimitrios Bassukas Alexandros Emmanouilidis Pavlos Avramidis
author_sort	Dimitrios Bassukas
title	Late Holocene Hydro-Climate Variability in the Eastern Mediterranean: A Spatial Multi-Proxy Approach
title_short	Late Holocene Hydro-Climate Variability in the Eastern Mediterranean: A Spatial Multi-Proxy Approach
title_full	Late Holocene Hydro-Climate Variability in the Eastern Mediterranean: A Spatial Multi-Proxy Approach
title_fullStr	Late Holocene Hydro-Climate Variability in the Eastern Mediterranean: A Spatial Multi-Proxy Approach
title_full_unstemmed	Late Holocene Hydro-Climate Variability in the Eastern Mediterranean: A Spatial Multi-Proxy Approach
title_sort	late holocene hydro-climate variability in the eastern mediterranean: a spatial multi-proxy approach
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/397b59869a7c41de8b34b91fbfa02907
work_keys_str_mv	AT dimitriosbassukas lateholocenehydroclimatevariabilityintheeasternmediterraneanaspatialmultiproxyapproach AT alexandrosemmanouilidis lateholocenehydroclimatevariabilityintheeasternmediterraneanaspatialmultiproxyapproach AT pavlosavramidis lateholocenehydroclimatevariabilityintheeasternmediterraneanaspatialmultiproxyapproach
_version_	1718410084884676608

Late Holocene Hydro-Climate Variability in the Eastern Mediterranean: A Spatial Multi-Proxy Approach

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