Mapping the hidden diversity of the Geophagus sensu stricto species group (Cichlidae: Geophagini) from the Amazon basin

South American freshwater ichthyofauna is taxonomically the most diverse on the planet, yet its diversity is still vastly underestimated. The Amazon basin alone holds more than half of this diversity. The evidence of this underestimation comes from the backlog of morphologically distinct, yet undesc...

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Autores principales:	Aline Mourão Ximenes, Pedro Senna Bittencourt, Valéria Nogueira Machado, Tomas Hrbek, Izeni Pires Farias
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	PeerJ Inc. 2021
Materias:	Cryptic diversity Cytochrome oxidase subunit I-COI Putative species Single Locus Species Discovery-SLSD Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/399838fb12444c1b84262faef7a5bd62
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:399838fb12444c1b84262faef7a5bd62
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:399838fb12444c1b84262faef7a5bd622021-12-02T15:05:12ZMapping the hidden diversity of the Geophagus sensu stricto species group (Cichlidae: Geophagini) from the Amazon basin10.7717/peerj.124432167-8359https://doaj.org/article/399838fb12444c1b84262faef7a5bd622021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://peerj.com/articles/12443.pdfhttps://peerj.com/articles/12443/https://doaj.org/toc/2167-8359South American freshwater ichthyofauna is taxonomically the most diverse on the planet, yet its diversity is still vastly underestimated. The Amazon basin alone holds more than half of this diversity. The evidence of this underestimation comes from the backlog of morphologically distinct, yet undescribed forms deposited in museum collections, and from DNA-based inventories which consistently identify large numbers of divergent lineages within even well-studied species groups. In the present study, we investigated lineage diversity within the Geophagus sensu stricto species group. To achieve these objectives, we analyzed 337 individuals sampled from 77 locations within and outside the Amazon basin representing 10 nominal and six morphologically distinct but undescribed species. We sequenced the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and delimited lineages using four different single-locus species discovery methods (mPTP-15 lineages; LocMin-14 lineages; bGMYC-18 lineages; and GMYC-30 lineages). The six morphologically distinct but undescribed species were also delimited by the majority of the species discovery methods. Five of these lineages are restricted to a single collection site or a watershed and their habitats are threatened by human activities such as deforestation, agricultural activities and construction of hydroelectric plants. Our results also highlight the importance of combining DNA and morphological data in biodiversity assessment studies especially in taxonomically diverse tropical biotas.Aline Mourão XimenesPedro Senna BittencourtValéria Nogueira MachadoTomas HrbekIzeni Pires FariasPeerJ Inc.articleCryptic diversityCytochrome oxidase subunit I-COIPutative speciesSingle Locus Species Discovery-SLSDMedicineRENPeerJ, Vol 9, p e12443 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Cryptic diversity Cytochrome oxidase subunit I-COI Putative species Single Locus Species Discovery-SLSD Medicine R
spellingShingle	Cryptic diversity Cytochrome oxidase subunit I-COI Putative species Single Locus Species Discovery-SLSD Medicine R Aline Mourão Ximenes Pedro Senna Bittencourt Valéria Nogueira Machado Tomas Hrbek Izeni Pires Farias Mapping the hidden diversity of the Geophagus sensu stricto species group (Cichlidae: Geophagini) from the Amazon basin
description	South American freshwater ichthyofauna is taxonomically the most diverse on the planet, yet its diversity is still vastly underestimated. The Amazon basin alone holds more than half of this diversity. The evidence of this underestimation comes from the backlog of morphologically distinct, yet undescribed forms deposited in museum collections, and from DNA-based inventories which consistently identify large numbers of divergent lineages within even well-studied species groups. In the present study, we investigated lineage diversity within the Geophagus sensu stricto species group. To achieve these objectives, we analyzed 337 individuals sampled from 77 locations within and outside the Amazon basin representing 10 nominal and six morphologically distinct but undescribed species. We sequenced the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and delimited lineages using four different single-locus species discovery methods (mPTP-15 lineages; LocMin-14 lineages; bGMYC-18 lineages; and GMYC-30 lineages). The six morphologically distinct but undescribed species were also delimited by the majority of the species discovery methods. Five of these lineages are restricted to a single collection site or a watershed and their habitats are threatened by human activities such as deforestation, agricultural activities and construction of hydroelectric plants. Our results also highlight the importance of combining DNA and morphological data in biodiversity assessment studies especially in taxonomically diverse tropical biotas.
format	article
author	Aline Mourão Ximenes Pedro Senna Bittencourt Valéria Nogueira Machado Tomas Hrbek Izeni Pires Farias
author_facet	Aline Mourão Ximenes Pedro Senna Bittencourt Valéria Nogueira Machado Tomas Hrbek Izeni Pires Farias
author_sort	Aline Mourão Ximenes
title	Mapping the hidden diversity of the Geophagus sensu stricto species group (Cichlidae: Geophagini) from the Amazon basin
title_short	Mapping the hidden diversity of the Geophagus sensu stricto species group (Cichlidae: Geophagini) from the Amazon basin
title_full	Mapping the hidden diversity of the Geophagus sensu stricto species group (Cichlidae: Geophagini) from the Amazon basin
title_fullStr	Mapping the hidden diversity of the Geophagus sensu stricto species group (Cichlidae: Geophagini) from the Amazon basin
title_full_unstemmed	Mapping the hidden diversity of the Geophagus sensu stricto species group (Cichlidae: Geophagini) from the Amazon basin
title_sort	mapping the hidden diversity of the geophagus sensu stricto species group (cichlidae: geophagini) from the amazon basin
publisher	PeerJ Inc.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/399838fb12444c1b84262faef7a5bd62
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Mapping the hidden diversity of the Geophagus sensu stricto species group (Cichlidae: Geophagini) from the Amazon basin

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