Reduced Plasma Estradiol Levels are Associated with Sleep Apnea in Depressed Peri- and Post-Menopausal Women
Li-Qiang Cai,1,2 Lei Huang,1,2 Li-Li Wei,1,2 Jia-Shu Yao,1,2 Luo-Yi Xu,1,2 Wei Chen1,2 1Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 2Center for Sleep Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang Univers...
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Dove Medical Press
2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:399b1abaa43e45678e78be6ffc748fad2021-12-02T19:17:36ZReduced Plasma Estradiol Levels are Associated with Sleep Apnea in Depressed Peri- and Post-Menopausal Women1178-2021https://doaj.org/article/399b1abaa43e45678e78be6ffc748fad2021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/reduced-plasma-estradiol-levels-are-associated-with-sleep-apnea-in-dep-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-NDThttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2021Li-Qiang Cai,1,2 Lei Huang,1,2 Li-Li Wei,1,2 Jia-Shu Yao,1,2 Luo-Yi Xu,1,2 Wei Chen1,2 1Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 2Center for Sleep Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Wei ChenDepartment of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, East Qingchun Road 3, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-571-87887800Email srrcw@zju.edu.cnObjective: This study aimed at investigating the correlation between estradiol and sleep apnea among women with major depressive disorders during the perimenopausal and postmenopausal periods.Methods: A total of 84 perimenopausal and postmenopausal women diagnosed with depression, and who had been subjected to whole-night polysomnography (PSG) were retrospectively studied. They were assigned into two groups based on the presence of OSA (apnea–hypopnea index (AHI)≥ 5) (OSA vs non-OSA). The correlation between estradiol levels and apnea–hypopnea index were assessed by logistic regression models after adjusting for age, body mass index (BMI), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), apnea frequency and progesterone.Results: Among the 84 patients, 45.23% had OSA. Estradiol levels were significantly elevated in non-OSA than in OSA patients (p< 0.05). Univariate analysis revealed that elevated estradiol levels are associated with reduced odds of OSA (odds ratio [OR] 0.92, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.875– 0.966, p = 0.001). Multivariate analyses showed that low estradiol levels (OR = 0.859, 95% CI 0.826– 0.991, p = 0.031), higher HAMD scores (OR = 1.212, 95% CI 1.012– 1.453, p = 0.037), higher apnea frequency (OR = 2.493, 95% CI 1.389– 4.473, p = 0.002) and higher BMI (OR=1.635, 95% CI 1.136– 2.353, p = 0.008) are correlated with OSA.Conclusion: The ratio of depressed perimenopausal to postmenopausal women comorbid OSA was high. Higher BMI, low estradiol levels, high apnea frequency and high HAMD scores were correlated with OSA diagnosis and could be potential diagnostic markers for OSA in depressed perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. Reduced estradiol levels were correlated with an increased risk of OSA among depressed perimenopausal and postmenopausal women.Keywords: major depressive disorder, estradiol, obstructive sleep apnea, menopause, polysomnographyCai LHuang LWei LYao JXu LChen WDove Medical Pressarticlemajor depressive disorderestradiolobstructive sleep apneamenopausepolysomnographyNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571Neurology. Diseases of the nervous systemRC346-429ENNeuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, Vol Volume 17, Pp 3483-3488 (2021) |
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major depressive disorder estradiol obstructive sleep apnea menopause polysomnography Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429 |
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major depressive disorder estradiol obstructive sleep apnea menopause polysomnography Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429 Cai L Huang L Wei L Yao J Xu L Chen W Reduced Plasma Estradiol Levels are Associated with Sleep Apnea in Depressed Peri- and Post-Menopausal Women |
description |
Li-Qiang Cai,1,2 Lei Huang,1,2 Li-Li Wei,1,2 Jia-Shu Yao,1,2 Luo-Yi Xu,1,2 Wei Chen1,2 1Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 2Center for Sleep Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Wei ChenDepartment of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, East Qingchun Road 3, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-571-87887800Email srrcw@zju.edu.cnObjective: This study aimed at investigating the correlation between estradiol and sleep apnea among women with major depressive disorders during the perimenopausal and postmenopausal periods.Methods: A total of 84 perimenopausal and postmenopausal women diagnosed with depression, and who had been subjected to whole-night polysomnography (PSG) were retrospectively studied. They were assigned into two groups based on the presence of OSA (apnea–hypopnea index (AHI)≥ 5) (OSA vs non-OSA). The correlation between estradiol levels and apnea–hypopnea index were assessed by logistic regression models after adjusting for age, body mass index (BMI), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), apnea frequency and progesterone.Results: Among the 84 patients, 45.23% had OSA. Estradiol levels were significantly elevated in non-OSA than in OSA patients (p< 0.05). Univariate analysis revealed that elevated estradiol levels are associated with reduced odds of OSA (odds ratio [OR] 0.92, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.875– 0.966, p = 0.001). Multivariate analyses showed that low estradiol levels (OR = 0.859, 95% CI 0.826– 0.991, p = 0.031), higher HAMD scores (OR = 1.212, 95% CI 1.012– 1.453, p = 0.037), higher apnea frequency (OR = 2.493, 95% CI 1.389– 4.473, p = 0.002) and higher BMI (OR=1.635, 95% CI 1.136– 2.353, p = 0.008) are correlated with OSA.Conclusion: The ratio of depressed perimenopausal to postmenopausal women comorbid OSA was high. Higher BMI, low estradiol levels, high apnea frequency and high HAMD scores were correlated with OSA diagnosis and could be potential diagnostic markers for OSA in depressed perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. Reduced estradiol levels were correlated with an increased risk of OSA among depressed perimenopausal and postmenopausal women.Keywords: major depressive disorder, estradiol, obstructive sleep apnea, menopause, polysomnography |
format |
article |
author |
Cai L Huang L Wei L Yao J Xu L Chen W |
author_facet |
Cai L Huang L Wei L Yao J Xu L Chen W |
author_sort |
Cai L |
title |
Reduced Plasma Estradiol Levels are Associated with Sleep Apnea in Depressed Peri- and Post-Menopausal Women |
title_short |
Reduced Plasma Estradiol Levels are Associated with Sleep Apnea in Depressed Peri- and Post-Menopausal Women |
title_full |
Reduced Plasma Estradiol Levels are Associated with Sleep Apnea in Depressed Peri- and Post-Menopausal Women |
title_fullStr |
Reduced Plasma Estradiol Levels are Associated with Sleep Apnea in Depressed Peri- and Post-Menopausal Women |
title_full_unstemmed |
Reduced Plasma Estradiol Levels are Associated with Sleep Apnea in Depressed Peri- and Post-Menopausal Women |
title_sort |
reduced plasma estradiol levels are associated with sleep apnea in depressed peri- and post-menopausal women |
publisher |
Dove Medical Press |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doaj.org/article/399b1abaa43e45678e78be6ffc748fad |
work_keys_str_mv |
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1718376846879358976 |