Alternative Herbicides for Controlling Herbicide-Resistant Annual Bluegrass (Poa annua L.) in Turf

Poa annua is a cosmopolitan, cool-season grass species regarded as one of the most significant weeds of turfgrass. It is mainly controlled by herbicides; however, repeated use of herbicides in golf turf has resulted in the evolution of multiple-herbicide resistant P. annu...

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Autores principales:	Rajesh Barua, Peter Boutsalis, Samuel Kleemann, Jenna Malone, Gurjeet Gill, Christopher Preston
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	<i>Poa annua</i> L. annual bluegrass amicarbazone terbuthylazine indaziflam weed management Agriculture S
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/39ca0840dc204f54af5c5f85b611f10a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:39ca0840dc204f54af5c5f85b611f10a2021-11-25T16:04:22ZAlternative Herbicides for Controlling Herbicide-Resistant Annual Bluegrass (<i>Poa annua</i> L.) in Turf10.3390/agronomy111121482073-4395https://doaj.org/article/39ca0840dc204f54af5c5f85b611f10a2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/11/2148https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4395<i>Poa annua</i> is a cosmopolitan, cool-season grass species regarded as one of the most significant weeds of turfgrass. It is mainly controlled by herbicides; however, repeated use of herbicides in golf turf has resulted in the evolution of multiple-herbicide resistant <i>P. annua</i>. Four field experiments were performed in autumn and spring in golf turf to identify effective herbicide options to control multiple herbicide-resistant <i>P. annua</i>. In herbicide resistance screening, the trial site population (SA1) was found to be susceptible to amicarbazone and terbuthylazine, but resistant to simazine and metribuzin at the field rate of each herbicide. Consistent with the results of the pot study, the PSII-inhibiting herbicides amicarbazone and terbuthylazine provided the best control (80–100%) of <i>P. annua</i> in both autumn and spring trials with minimal damage to the turf. In contrast, the other two PSII-inhibiting herbicides, metribuzin and simazine, were relatively ineffective in controlling <i>P. annua</i> in the field. Indaziflam also performed well in both autumn trials and reduced <i>P. annua</i> occurrence by >75%. Pyroxasulfone and s-metolachlor only provided moderate weed control in both the autumn and spring trials, reducing <i>P. annua</i> occurrence by 50%. Among the nine different herbicides, amicarbazone and terbuthylazine were found to be most effective for spring and autumn application in turf. As resistance to some PSII-inhibiting herbicides has already evolved in this field population, the use of amicarbazone and terbuthylazine needs to be integrated with other herbicide modes of action and non-chemical tactics to delay the onset of resistance to them.Rajesh BaruaPeter BoutsalisSamuel KleemannJenna MaloneGurjeet GillChristopher PrestonMDPI AGarticle<i>Poa annua</i> L.annual bluegrassamicarbazoneterbuthylazineindaziflamweed managementAgricultureSENAgronomy, Vol 11, Iss 2148, p 2148 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	<i>Poa annua</i> L. annual bluegrass amicarbazone terbuthylazine indaziflam weed management Agriculture S
spellingShingle	<i>Poa annua</i> L. annual bluegrass amicarbazone terbuthylazine indaziflam weed management Agriculture S Rajesh Barua Peter Boutsalis Samuel Kleemann Jenna Malone Gurjeet Gill Christopher Preston Alternative Herbicides for Controlling Herbicide-Resistant Annual Bluegrass (<i>Poa annua</i> L.) in Turf
description	<i>Poa annua</i> is a cosmopolitan, cool-season grass species regarded as one of the most significant weeds of turfgrass. It is mainly controlled by herbicides; however, repeated use of herbicides in golf turf has resulted in the evolution of multiple-herbicide resistant <i>P. annua</i>. Four field experiments were performed in autumn and spring in golf turf to identify effective herbicide options to control multiple herbicide-resistant <i>P. annua</i>. In herbicide resistance screening, the trial site population (SA1) was found to be susceptible to amicarbazone and terbuthylazine, but resistant to simazine and metribuzin at the field rate of each herbicide. Consistent with the results of the pot study, the PSII-inhibiting herbicides amicarbazone and terbuthylazine provided the best control (80–100%) of <i>P. annua</i> in both autumn and spring trials with minimal damage to the turf. In contrast, the other two PSII-inhibiting herbicides, metribuzin and simazine, were relatively ineffective in controlling <i>P. annua</i> in the field. Indaziflam also performed well in both autumn trials and reduced <i>P. annua</i> occurrence by >75%. Pyroxasulfone and s-metolachlor only provided moderate weed control in both the autumn and spring trials, reducing <i>P. annua</i> occurrence by 50%. Among the nine different herbicides, amicarbazone and terbuthylazine were found to be most effective for spring and autumn application in turf. As resistance to some PSII-inhibiting herbicides has already evolved in this field population, the use of amicarbazone and terbuthylazine needs to be integrated with other herbicide modes of action and non-chemical tactics to delay the onset of resistance to them.
format	article
author	Rajesh Barua Peter Boutsalis Samuel Kleemann Jenna Malone Gurjeet Gill Christopher Preston
author_facet	Rajesh Barua Peter Boutsalis Samuel Kleemann Jenna Malone Gurjeet Gill Christopher Preston
author_sort	Rajesh Barua
title	Alternative Herbicides for Controlling Herbicide-Resistant Annual Bluegrass (<i>Poa annua</i> L.) in Turf
title_short	Alternative Herbicides for Controlling Herbicide-Resistant Annual Bluegrass (<i>Poa annua</i> L.) in Turf
title_full	Alternative Herbicides for Controlling Herbicide-Resistant Annual Bluegrass (<i>Poa annua</i> L.) in Turf
title_fullStr	Alternative Herbicides for Controlling Herbicide-Resistant Annual Bluegrass (<i>Poa annua</i> L.) in Turf
title_full_unstemmed	Alternative Herbicides for Controlling Herbicide-Resistant Annual Bluegrass (<i>Poa annua</i> L.) in Turf
title_sort	alternative herbicides for controlling herbicide-resistant annual bluegrass (<i>poa annua</i> l.) in turf
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/39ca0840dc204f54af5c5f85b611f10a
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Alternative Herbicides for Controlling Herbicide-Resistant Annual Bluegrass (<i>Poa annua</i> L.) in Turf

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