Vietnamese Version of the General Medication Adherence Scale (GMAS): Translation, Adaptation, and Validation

Background: We aimed to translate, cross-culturally adapt, and validate the General Medication Adherence Scale (GMAS) into Vietnamese. Methods: We followed the guidelines of Beaton et al. during the translation and adaptation process. In Stage I, two translators translated the GMAS to Vietnamese. St...

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Autores principales:	Thao Huong Nguyen, Hoa Van Truong, Mai Tuyet Vi, Katja Taxis, Thang Nguyen, Kien Trung Nguyen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	translation adaptation validation medication adherence diabetes Vietnamese Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/39d67a5d08234ff798b5d322a4cb0694
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:39d67a5d08234ff798b5d322a4cb06942021-11-25T17:44:24ZVietnamese Version of the General Medication Adherence Scale (GMAS): Translation, Adaptation, and Validation10.3390/healthcare91114712227-9032https://doaj.org/article/39d67a5d08234ff798b5d322a4cb06942021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/9/11/1471https://doaj.org/toc/2227-9032Background: We aimed to translate, cross-culturally adapt, and validate the General Medication Adherence Scale (GMAS) into Vietnamese. Methods: We followed the guidelines of Beaton et al. during the translation and adaptation process. In Stage I, two translators translated the GMAS to Vietnamese. Stage II involved synthesizing the two translations. Stage III featured a back translation. Stage IV included an expert committee review and the creation of the pre-final version of the GMAS, and in stage V, pilot testing was conducted on 42 Vietnamese patients with type 2 diabetes. The psychometric validation process evaluated the reliability and validity of the questionnaire. The internal consistency and test–retest reliability were assessed by Cronbach’s alpha and Spearman’s correlation coefficients. The construct validity was determined by an association examination between the levels of adherence and patient characteristics. The content validity was based on the opinion and assessment score by the expert committee. The Vietnamese version of the GMAS was created, including 11 items divided into three domains. There was a good equivalence between the English and the Vietnamese versions of the GMAS in all four criteria. Results: One hundred and seventy-seven patients were participating in the psychometric validation process. Cronbach’s alpha was acceptable for all questionnaire items (0.817). Spearman’s correlation coefficient of the test–retest reliability was acceptable for the GMAS (0.879). There are significant correlations between medication adherence levels and occupation, income, and the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ) score regarding construct validity. Conclusions: The Vietnamese version of GMAS can be considered a reliable and valid tool for assessing medication adherence in Vietnamese patients.Thao Huong NguyenHoa Van TruongMai Tuyet ViKatja TaxisThang NguyenKien Trung NguyenMDPI AGarticletranslationadaptationvalidationmedication adherencediabetesVietnameseMedicineRENHealthcare, Vol 9, Iss 1471, p 1471 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	translation adaptation validation medication adherence diabetes Vietnamese Medicine R
spellingShingle	translation adaptation validation medication adherence diabetes Vietnamese Medicine R Thao Huong Nguyen Hoa Van Truong Mai Tuyet Vi Katja Taxis Thang Nguyen Kien Trung Nguyen Vietnamese Version of the General Medication Adherence Scale (GMAS): Translation, Adaptation, and Validation
description	Background: We aimed to translate, cross-culturally adapt, and validate the General Medication Adherence Scale (GMAS) into Vietnamese. Methods: We followed the guidelines of Beaton et al. during the translation and adaptation process. In Stage I, two translators translated the GMAS to Vietnamese. Stage II involved synthesizing the two translations. Stage III featured a back translation. Stage IV included an expert committee review and the creation of the pre-final version of the GMAS, and in stage V, pilot testing was conducted on 42 Vietnamese patients with type 2 diabetes. The psychometric validation process evaluated the reliability and validity of the questionnaire. The internal consistency and test–retest reliability were assessed by Cronbach’s alpha and Spearman’s correlation coefficients. The construct validity was determined by an association examination between the levels of adherence and patient characteristics. The content validity was based on the opinion and assessment score by the expert committee. The Vietnamese version of the GMAS was created, including 11 items divided into three domains. There was a good equivalence between the English and the Vietnamese versions of the GMAS in all four criteria. Results: One hundred and seventy-seven patients were participating in the psychometric validation process. Cronbach’s alpha was acceptable for all questionnaire items (0.817). Spearman’s correlation coefficient of the test–retest reliability was acceptable for the GMAS (0.879). There are significant correlations between medication adherence levels and occupation, income, and the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ) score regarding construct validity. Conclusions: The Vietnamese version of GMAS can be considered a reliable and valid tool for assessing medication adherence in Vietnamese patients.
format	article
author	Thao Huong Nguyen Hoa Van Truong Mai Tuyet Vi Katja Taxis Thang Nguyen Kien Trung Nguyen
author_facet	Thao Huong Nguyen Hoa Van Truong Mai Tuyet Vi Katja Taxis Thang Nguyen Kien Trung Nguyen
author_sort	Thao Huong Nguyen
title	Vietnamese Version of the General Medication Adherence Scale (GMAS): Translation, Adaptation, and Validation
title_short	Vietnamese Version of the General Medication Adherence Scale (GMAS): Translation, Adaptation, and Validation
title_full	Vietnamese Version of the General Medication Adherence Scale (GMAS): Translation, Adaptation, and Validation
title_fullStr	Vietnamese Version of the General Medication Adherence Scale (GMAS): Translation, Adaptation, and Validation
title_full_unstemmed	Vietnamese Version of the General Medication Adherence Scale (GMAS): Translation, Adaptation, and Validation
title_sort	vietnamese version of the general medication adherence scale (gmas): translation, adaptation, and validation
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/39d67a5d08234ff798b5d322a4cb0694
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Vietnamese Version of the General Medication Adherence Scale (GMAS): Translation, Adaptation, and Validation

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