Problems and Prospects of Banana Breeding in India

Banana breeding programme in India involves maintenance of various genetic resources of banana, of which triploids constitute the maximum share over diploids or tetraploids. RAPD studies conducted in these clones exhibit many distinct genotypes. During a hybridization programme, although many crosse...

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Autor principal:	N Kumar
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Society for Promotion of Horticulture - Indian Institute of Horticultural Research 2006
Materias:	problems and prospects of banana breeding in india Plant culture SB1-1110
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/39ecca4710ce480fadd0ac108fe05c02
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:39ecca4710ce480fadd0ac108fe05c022021-12-02T11:22:28ZProblems and Prospects of Banana Breeding in India0973-354X2582-4899https://doaj.org/article/39ecca4710ce480fadd0ac108fe05c022006-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://jhs.iihr.res.in/index.php/jhs/article/view/645https://doaj.org/toc/0973-354Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2582-4899Banana breeding programme in India involves maintenance of various genetic resources of banana, of which triploids constitute the maximum share over diploids or tetraploids. RAPD studies conducted in these clones exhibit many distinct genotypes. During a hybridization programme, although many crosses were made, seed set and seed germination were relatively poor in many crosses. Male fertility in banana hybrids could be assessed by pollen output per anther; pollen viability and pollen size, which vary from cross to cross, and also from ploidy to ploidy. Ploidy levels in hybrids are estimated by phenotypic appearance (scoring technique) and confirmed either by stomatal density, size and number of chloroplast per guard cell pair or root tip mitosis. However, flow cytometry appears to be the most reliable method in many disputed cases. Generation of parthenocarpic hybrids depends largely upon selection and utilization of parents with parthenocarpic pedigree in a breeding programme. Evaluation of hybrids and parents indicated the nature of inheritance with respect to plant height and suckering habit but no definite trend could be ascribed to the traits of bunch orientation. Diploid x Diploid breeding approach has led to identification of a superior triploid hybrid, NPH 02-01, while Triploid (with AB)xDiploid approach has led to the development of a promising diploid hybrid H.212 and a triploid hybrid H.96/7 (ABB). Similarly, the Triploid x Diploid breeding programme resulted in development of many potential tetraploids that need further improvement. Innovative breeding approaches through in vitro mutation breeding and in vitro polyploidazation resulted in the development of many potentially useful variants. Breeding for resistance against biotic stresses such as Fusarium wilt and nematodes holds promise in banana, and, biochemical mechanisms for resistance in resistant genotypes/hybrids have been elucidated.N KumarSociety for Promotion of Horticulture - Indian Institute of Horticultural Researcharticleproblems and prospects of banana breeding in indiaPlant cultureSB1-1110ENJournal of Horticultural Sciences, Vol 1, Iss 2, Pp 77-94 (2006)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	problems and prospects of banana breeding in india Plant culture SB1-1110
spellingShingle	problems and prospects of banana breeding in india Plant culture SB1-1110 N Kumar Problems and Prospects of Banana Breeding in India
description	Banana breeding programme in India involves maintenance of various genetic resources of banana, of which triploids constitute the maximum share over diploids or tetraploids. RAPD studies conducted in these clones exhibit many distinct genotypes. During a hybridization programme, although many crosses were made, seed set and seed germination were relatively poor in many crosses. Male fertility in banana hybrids could be assessed by pollen output per anther; pollen viability and pollen size, which vary from cross to cross, and also from ploidy to ploidy. Ploidy levels in hybrids are estimated by phenotypic appearance (scoring technique) and confirmed either by stomatal density, size and number of chloroplast per guard cell pair or root tip mitosis. However, flow cytometry appears to be the most reliable method in many disputed cases. Generation of parthenocarpic hybrids depends largely upon selection and utilization of parents with parthenocarpic pedigree in a breeding programme. Evaluation of hybrids and parents indicated the nature of inheritance with respect to plant height and suckering habit but no definite trend could be ascribed to the traits of bunch orientation. Diploid x Diploid breeding approach has led to identification of a superior triploid hybrid, NPH 02-01, while Triploid (with AB)xDiploid approach has led to the development of a promising diploid hybrid H.212 and a triploid hybrid H.96/7 (ABB). Similarly, the Triploid x Diploid breeding programme resulted in development of many potential tetraploids that need further improvement. Innovative breeding approaches through in vitro mutation breeding and in vitro polyploidazation resulted in the development of many potentially useful variants. Breeding for resistance against biotic stresses such as Fusarium wilt and nematodes holds promise in banana, and, biochemical mechanisms for resistance in resistant genotypes/hybrids have been elucidated.
format	article
author	N Kumar
author_facet	N Kumar
author_sort	N Kumar
title	Problems and Prospects of Banana Breeding in India
title_short	Problems and Prospects of Banana Breeding in India
title_full	Problems and Prospects of Banana Breeding in India
title_fullStr	Problems and Prospects of Banana Breeding in India
title_full_unstemmed	Problems and Prospects of Banana Breeding in India
title_sort	problems and prospects of banana breeding in india
publisher	Society for Promotion of Horticulture - Indian Institute of Horticultural Research
publishDate	2006
url	https://doaj.org/article/39ecca4710ce480fadd0ac108fe05c02
work_keys_str_mv	AT nkumar problemsandprospectsofbananabreedinginindia
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Problems and Prospects of Banana Breeding in India

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