Paradoxical Enhancement of Spatial Learning Induced by Right Hippocampal Lesion in Rats

The left–right hemispheric differences in some brain functions are well known in humans. Among them, savant syndrome has unique features, such as exceptional abilities in vision, memory, computation, and music, despite brain abnormalities. In cases of acquired savant and transient savant, brain dama...

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Autores principales:	Yukitoshi Sakaguchi, Yoshio Sakurai
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	spatial learning hippocampus rat savant syndrome hemispheric asymmetry Mathematics QA1-939
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3a2fd16cdfd645acb8e1571188099a7f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3a2fd16cdfd645acb8e1571188099a7f2021-11-25T19:07:03ZParadoxical Enhancement of Spatial Learning Induced by Right Hippocampal Lesion in Rats10.3390/sym131121382073-8994https://doaj.org/article/3a2fd16cdfd645acb8e1571188099a7f2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/13/11/2138https://doaj.org/toc/2073-8994The left–right hemispheric differences in some brain functions are well known in humans. Among them, savant syndrome has unique features, such as exceptional abilities in vision, memory, computation, and music, despite brain abnormalities. In cases of acquired savant and transient savant, brain damage or inhibition is often seen in the left hemisphere, suggesting a link between left hemispheric dysfunction and these talents. On the other hand, some functional left–right differences have been reported in rodent brains, and therefore, unilateral damage in rodents may also result in savant-like enhancements. In the present study, we examined the effects of hippocampal damage on spatial learning in rats with left, right, or bilateral hippocampal lesion. The results showed that learning performance was impaired in the bilateral lesion group, and there was no significant difference in the left lesion group, while performance was enhanced in the right lesion group. These results suggest that damage to the right hippocampus in rats may lead to savant-like enhancement in learning and memory. The construction of the savant model through these results will contribute to the neuroscientific elucidation of the paradoxical phenomenon observed in savants, that some abilities are enhanced despite their brain dysfunction.Yukitoshi SakaguchiYoshio SakuraiMDPI AGarticlespatial learninghippocampusratsavant syndromehemispheric asymmetryMathematicsQA1-939ENSymmetry, Vol 13, Iss 2138, p 2138 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	spatial learning hippocampus rat savant syndrome hemispheric asymmetry Mathematics QA1-939
spellingShingle	spatial learning hippocampus rat savant syndrome hemispheric asymmetry Mathematics QA1-939 Yukitoshi Sakaguchi Yoshio Sakurai Paradoxical Enhancement of Spatial Learning Induced by Right Hippocampal Lesion in Rats
description	The left–right hemispheric differences in some brain functions are well known in humans. Among them, savant syndrome has unique features, such as exceptional abilities in vision, memory, computation, and music, despite brain abnormalities. In cases of acquired savant and transient savant, brain damage or inhibition is often seen in the left hemisphere, suggesting a link between left hemispheric dysfunction and these talents. On the other hand, some functional left–right differences have been reported in rodent brains, and therefore, unilateral damage in rodents may also result in savant-like enhancements. In the present study, we examined the effects of hippocampal damage on spatial learning in rats with left, right, or bilateral hippocampal lesion. The results showed that learning performance was impaired in the bilateral lesion group, and there was no significant difference in the left lesion group, while performance was enhanced in the right lesion group. These results suggest that damage to the right hippocampus in rats may lead to savant-like enhancement in learning and memory. The construction of the savant model through these results will contribute to the neuroscientific elucidation of the paradoxical phenomenon observed in savants, that some abilities are enhanced despite their brain dysfunction.
format	article
author	Yukitoshi Sakaguchi Yoshio Sakurai
author_facet	Yukitoshi Sakaguchi Yoshio Sakurai
author_sort	Yukitoshi Sakaguchi
title	Paradoxical Enhancement of Spatial Learning Induced by Right Hippocampal Lesion in Rats
title_short	Paradoxical Enhancement of Spatial Learning Induced by Right Hippocampal Lesion in Rats
title_full	Paradoxical Enhancement of Spatial Learning Induced by Right Hippocampal Lesion in Rats
title_fullStr	Paradoxical Enhancement of Spatial Learning Induced by Right Hippocampal Lesion in Rats
title_full_unstemmed	Paradoxical Enhancement of Spatial Learning Induced by Right Hippocampal Lesion in Rats
title_sort	paradoxical enhancement of spatial learning induced by right hippocampal lesion in rats
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3a2fd16cdfd645acb8e1571188099a7f
work_keys_str_mv	AT yukitoshisakaguchi paradoxicalenhancementofspatiallearninginducedbyrighthippocampallesioninrats AT yoshiosakurai paradoxicalenhancementofspatiallearninginducedbyrighthippocampallesioninrats
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Paradoxical Enhancement of Spatial Learning Induced by Right Hippocampal Lesion in Rats

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