Thermal and chemical disinfection of water and biofilms: only a temporary effect in regard to the autochthonous bacteria

Thermal and chemical disinfection of technical water systems not only aim at minimizing the level of undesired microorganisms, but also at preventing excessive biofouling, clogging and interference with diverse technical processes. Typically, treatment has to be repeated in certain time intervals, a...

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Autores principales:	Andreas Nocker, Elisa Lindfeld, Jost Wingender, Simone Schulte, Matthias Dumm, Bernd Bendinger
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	IWA Publishing 2021
Materias:	biocides disinfection heat necrophilic growth necrotrophy regrowth Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3a403a224825481693c4f47371f0414d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3a403a224825481693c4f47371f0414d2021-11-06T06:30:58ZThermal and chemical disinfection of water and biofilms: only a temporary effect in regard to the autochthonous bacteria1477-89201996-782910.2166/wh.2021.075https://doaj.org/article/3a403a224825481693c4f47371f0414d2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttp://jwh.iwaponline.com/content/19/5/808https://doaj.org/toc/1477-8920https://doaj.org/toc/1996-7829Thermal and chemical disinfection of technical water systems not only aim at minimizing the level of undesired microorganisms, but also at preventing excessive biofouling, clogging and interference with diverse technical processes. Typically, treatment has to be repeated in certain time intervals, as the duration of the effect is limited. The transient effect of disinfection was demonstrated in this study applying different treatments to water and biofilms including heat, chlorination, a combination of hydrogen peroxide and peracetic acid and monochloramine. Despite the diverse treatments, the reduction in live bacteria was followed by regrowth in all cases, underlining the universal validity of this phenomenon. The study shows that autochthonous bacteria can reach the concentrations given prior to treatment. The reason is seen in the nutrient concentration that has not changed and that forms the basis for regrowth. Nutrients are released by disinfection from lysed cells or are still fixed in dead biomass that is subsequently scavenged by necrotrophic growth. Treatment cycles therefore only provide a transient reduction of water microbiology if nutrients are not removed. When aiming at greater sustainability of the effect, biocidal treatment has to be equally concerned about nutrient removal by subsequent cleaning procedures as about killing efficiency. HIGHLIGHTS The reduction in live bacteria by disinfection is followed by renewed growth.; The reason for post-disinfection growth is seen in nutrient availability.; Nutrients may originate from killed biomass, allowing necrotrophic growth.; The sustainability of disinfection relies on the removal of killed biomass.;Andreas NockerElisa LindfeldJost WingenderSimone SchulteMatthias DummBernd BendingerIWA Publishingarticlebiocidesdisinfectionheatnecrophilic growthnecrotrophyregrowthPublic aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENJournal of Water and Health, Vol 19, Iss 5, Pp 808-822 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	biocides disinfection heat necrophilic growth necrotrophy regrowth Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	biocides disinfection heat necrophilic growth necrotrophy regrowth Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Andreas Nocker Elisa Lindfeld Jost Wingender Simone Schulte Matthias Dumm Bernd Bendinger Thermal and chemical disinfection of water and biofilms: only a temporary effect in regard to the autochthonous bacteria
description	Thermal and chemical disinfection of technical water systems not only aim at minimizing the level of undesired microorganisms, but also at preventing excessive biofouling, clogging and interference with diverse technical processes. Typically, treatment has to be repeated in certain time intervals, as the duration of the effect is limited. The transient effect of disinfection was demonstrated in this study applying different treatments to water and biofilms including heat, chlorination, a combination of hydrogen peroxide and peracetic acid and monochloramine. Despite the diverse treatments, the reduction in live bacteria was followed by regrowth in all cases, underlining the universal validity of this phenomenon. The study shows that autochthonous bacteria can reach the concentrations given prior to treatment. The reason is seen in the nutrient concentration that has not changed and that forms the basis for regrowth. Nutrients are released by disinfection from lysed cells or are still fixed in dead biomass that is subsequently scavenged by necrotrophic growth. Treatment cycles therefore only provide a transient reduction of water microbiology if nutrients are not removed. When aiming at greater sustainability of the effect, biocidal treatment has to be equally concerned about nutrient removal by subsequent cleaning procedures as about killing efficiency. HIGHLIGHTS The reduction in live bacteria by disinfection is followed by renewed growth.; The reason for post-disinfection growth is seen in nutrient availability.; Nutrients may originate from killed biomass, allowing necrotrophic growth.; The sustainability of disinfection relies on the removal of killed biomass.;
format	article
author	Andreas Nocker Elisa Lindfeld Jost Wingender Simone Schulte Matthias Dumm Bernd Bendinger
author_facet	Andreas Nocker Elisa Lindfeld Jost Wingender Simone Schulte Matthias Dumm Bernd Bendinger
author_sort	Andreas Nocker
title	Thermal and chemical disinfection of water and biofilms: only a temporary effect in regard to the autochthonous bacteria
title_short	Thermal and chemical disinfection of water and biofilms: only a temporary effect in regard to the autochthonous bacteria
title_full	Thermal and chemical disinfection of water and biofilms: only a temporary effect in regard to the autochthonous bacteria
title_fullStr	Thermal and chemical disinfection of water and biofilms: only a temporary effect in regard to the autochthonous bacteria
title_full_unstemmed	Thermal and chemical disinfection of water and biofilms: only a temporary effect in regard to the autochthonous bacteria
title_sort	thermal and chemical disinfection of water and biofilms: only a temporary effect in regard to the autochthonous bacteria
publisher	IWA Publishing
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3a403a224825481693c4f47371f0414d
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Thermal and chemical disinfection of water and biofilms: only a temporary effect in regard to the autochthonous bacteria

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