How Times Have Changed! A Cornucopia of Antigens for Membranous Nephropathy

The identification of the major target antigen phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) in the majority of primary (idiopathic) cases of membranous nephropathy (MN) has been followed by the rapid identification of numerous minor antigens that appear to define phenotypically distinct forms of disease. This...

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Autores principales:	Tiffany N. Caza, Laith F. Al-Rabadi, Laurence H. Beck
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	membranous nephropathy membranous lupus nephritis antigen epitope spreading serologic testing autoimmune profiling Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3a6f5e94781140cc9b69d3d51c0c5085
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3a6f5e94781140cc9b69d3d51c0c50852021-12-01T08:02:16ZHow Times Have Changed! A Cornucopia of Antigens for Membranous Nephropathy1664-322410.3389/fimmu.2021.800242https://doaj.org/article/3a6f5e94781140cc9b69d3d51c0c50852021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.800242/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-3224The identification of the major target antigen phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) in the majority of primary (idiopathic) cases of membranous nephropathy (MN) has been followed by the rapid identification of numerous minor antigens that appear to define phenotypically distinct forms of disease. This article serves to review all the known antigens that have been shown to localize to subepithelial deposits in MN, as well as the distinctive characteristics associated with each subtype of MN. We will also shed light on the novel proteomic approaches that have allowed identification of the most recent antigens. The paradigm of an antigen normally expressed on the podocyte cell surface leading to in-situ immune complex formation, complement activation, and subsequent podocyte injury will be discussed and challenged in light of the current repertoire of multiple MN antigens. Since disease phenotypes associated with each individual target antigens can often blur the distinction between primary and secondary disease, we encourage the use of antigen-based classification of membranous nephropathy.Tiffany N. CazaLaith F. Al-RabadiLaurence H. BeckFrontiers Media S.A.articlemembranous nephropathymembranous lupus nephritisantigenepitope spreadingserologic testingautoimmune profilingImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607ENFrontiers in Immunology, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	membranous nephropathy membranous lupus nephritis antigen epitope spreading serologic testing autoimmune profiling Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
spellingShingle	membranous nephropathy membranous lupus nephritis antigen epitope spreading serologic testing autoimmune profiling Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Tiffany N. Caza Laith F. Al-Rabadi Laurence H. Beck How Times Have Changed! A Cornucopia of Antigens for Membranous Nephropathy
description	The identification of the major target antigen phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) in the majority of primary (idiopathic) cases of membranous nephropathy (MN) has been followed by the rapid identification of numerous minor antigens that appear to define phenotypically distinct forms of disease. This article serves to review all the known antigens that have been shown to localize to subepithelial deposits in MN, as well as the distinctive characteristics associated with each subtype of MN. We will also shed light on the novel proteomic approaches that have allowed identification of the most recent antigens. The paradigm of an antigen normally expressed on the podocyte cell surface leading to in-situ immune complex formation, complement activation, and subsequent podocyte injury will be discussed and challenged in light of the current repertoire of multiple MN antigens. Since disease phenotypes associated with each individual target antigens can often blur the distinction between primary and secondary disease, we encourage the use of antigen-based classification of membranous nephropathy.
format	article
author	Tiffany N. Caza Laith F. Al-Rabadi Laurence H. Beck
author_facet	Tiffany N. Caza Laith F. Al-Rabadi Laurence H. Beck
author_sort	Tiffany N. Caza
title	How Times Have Changed! A Cornucopia of Antigens for Membranous Nephropathy
title_short	How Times Have Changed! A Cornucopia of Antigens for Membranous Nephropathy
title_full	How Times Have Changed! A Cornucopia of Antigens for Membranous Nephropathy
title_fullStr	How Times Have Changed! A Cornucopia of Antigens for Membranous Nephropathy
title_full_unstemmed	How Times Have Changed! A Cornucopia of Antigens for Membranous Nephropathy
title_sort	how times have changed! a cornucopia of antigens for membranous nephropathy
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3a6f5e94781140cc9b69d3d51c0c5085
work_keys_str_mv	AT tiffanyncaza howtimeshavechangedacornucopiaofantigensformembranousnephropathy AT laithfalrabadi howtimeshavechangedacornucopiaofantigensformembranousnephropathy AT laurencehbeck howtimeshavechangedacornucopiaofantigensformembranousnephropathy
_version_	1718405404980936704

How Times Have Changed! A Cornucopia of Antigens for Membranous Nephropathy

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