Factors Associated with Serum Vitamin D Metabolites and Vitamin D Metabolite Ratios in Premenopausal Women
The most representative indicator of vitamin D status in clinical practice is 25(OH)D<sub>3</sub>, but new biomarkers could improve the assessment of vitamin D status and metabolism. The objective of this study is to investigate the association of serum vitamin D metabolites and vitamin...
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN |
| Publicado: |
MDPI AG
2021
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/3abb1c6e20044f21af4bb30d5f115864 |
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| Sumario: | The most representative indicator of vitamin D status in clinical practice is 25(OH)D<sub>3</sub>, but new biomarkers could improve the assessment of vitamin D status and metabolism. The objective of this study is to investigate the association of serum vitamin D metabolites and vitamin D metabolite ratios (VMRs) with potentially influential factors in premenopausal women. This is a cross-sectional study based on 1422 women, aged 39–50, recruited from a Madrid Medical Diagnostic Center. Participants answered an epidemiological and a food frequency questionnaire. Serum vitamin D metabolites were determined using an SPE–LC–MS/MS platform. The association between participant’s characteristics, vitamin D metabolites, and VMRs was quantified by multiple linear regression models. Mean 25(OH)D<sub>3</sub> concentration was 49.2 + 18.9 nmol/L, with greater deficits among obese, nulliparous, dark-skinned women, and with less sun exposure. A lower R2 ratio (1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub>/25(OH)D<sub>3</sub>) and a higher R4 (24,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub>/1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub>) were observed in nulliparous women, with high sun exposure, and those with low caloric intake or high consumption of calcium, vitamin D supplements, or alcohol. Nulliparous women had lower R1 (25(OH)D<sub>3</sub>/Vit D<sub>3</sub>) and R3 (24,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub>/25(OH)D<sub>3</sub>), and older women showed lower R3 and R4. Vitamin D status modified the association of the VMRs with seasons. VMRs can be complementary indicators of vitamin D status and its endogenous metabolism, and reveal the influence of certain individual characteristics on the expression of hydroxylase enzymes. |
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