Diversification, selective sweep, and body size in the invasive Palearctic alfalfa weevil infected with Wolbachia

Abstract The alfalfa weevil Hypera postica, native to the Western Palearctic, is an invasive legume pest with two divergent mitochondrial clades in its invading regions, the Western clade and the Eastern/Egyptian clade. However, knowledge regarding the native populations is limited. The Western clad...

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Autores principales:	Midori Tuda, Shun-ichiro Iwase, Khadim Kébé, Julien Haran, Jiri Skuhrovec, Ehsan Sanaei, Naomichi Tsuji, Attila Podlussány, Ottó Merkl, Ahmed H. El-Heneidy, Katsura Morimoto
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Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3ada124b88184a2f935d77659eb9d3ff
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3ada124b88184a2f935d77659eb9d3ff2021-12-02T15:38:23ZDiversification, selective sweep, and body size in the invasive Palearctic alfalfa weevil infected with Wolbachia10.1038/s41598-021-88770-y2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/3ada124b88184a2f935d77659eb9d3ff2021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-88770-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The alfalfa weevil Hypera postica, native to the Western Palearctic, is an invasive legume pest with two divergent mitochondrial clades in its invading regions, the Western clade and the Eastern/Egyptian clade. However, knowledge regarding the native populations is limited. The Western clade is infected with the endosymbiotic bacteria Wolbachia that cause cytoplasmic incompatibility in host weevils. Our aim was to elucidate the spatial genetic structure of this insect and the effect of Wolbachia on its population diversity. We analyzed two mitochondrial and two nuclear genes of the weevil from its native ranges. The Western clade was distributed in western/central Europe, whereas the Eastern/Egyptian clade was distributed from the Mediterranean basin to central Asia. Intermediate mitotypes were found from the Balkans to central Asia. Most Western clade individuals in western Europe were infected with an identical Wolbachia strain. Mitochondrial genetic diversity of the infected individuals was minimal. The infected clades demonstrated a higher nonsynonymous/synonymous substitution rate ratio than the uninfected clades, suggesting a higher fixation of nonsynonymous mutations due to a selective sweep by Wolbachia. Trans-Mediterranean and within-European dispersal routes were supported. We suggest that the ancestral populations diversified by geographic isolation due to glaciations and that the diversity was reduced in the west by a recent Wolbachia-driven sweep(s). The intermediate clade exhibited a body size and host plant that differed from the other clades. Pros and cons of the possible use of infected-clade males to control uninfected populations are discussed.Midori TudaShun-ichiro IwaseKhadim KébéJulien HaranJiri SkuhrovecEhsan SanaeiNaomichi TsujiAttila PodlussányOttó MerklAhmed H. El-HeneidyKatsura MorimotoNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Midori Tuda Shun-ichiro Iwase Khadim Kébé Julien Haran Jiri Skuhrovec Ehsan Sanaei Naomichi Tsuji Attila Podlussány Ottó Merkl Ahmed H. El-Heneidy Katsura Morimoto Diversification, selective sweep, and body size in the invasive Palearctic alfalfa weevil infected with Wolbachia
description	Abstract The alfalfa weevil Hypera postica, native to the Western Palearctic, is an invasive legume pest with two divergent mitochondrial clades in its invading regions, the Western clade and the Eastern/Egyptian clade. However, knowledge regarding the native populations is limited. The Western clade is infected with the endosymbiotic bacteria Wolbachia that cause cytoplasmic incompatibility in host weevils. Our aim was to elucidate the spatial genetic structure of this insect and the effect of Wolbachia on its population diversity. We analyzed two mitochondrial and two nuclear genes of the weevil from its native ranges. The Western clade was distributed in western/central Europe, whereas the Eastern/Egyptian clade was distributed from the Mediterranean basin to central Asia. Intermediate mitotypes were found from the Balkans to central Asia. Most Western clade individuals in western Europe were infected with an identical Wolbachia strain. Mitochondrial genetic diversity of the infected individuals was minimal. The infected clades demonstrated a higher nonsynonymous/synonymous substitution rate ratio than the uninfected clades, suggesting a higher fixation of nonsynonymous mutations due to a selective sweep by Wolbachia. Trans-Mediterranean and within-European dispersal routes were supported. We suggest that the ancestral populations diversified by geographic isolation due to glaciations and that the diversity was reduced in the west by a recent Wolbachia-driven sweep(s). The intermediate clade exhibited a body size and host plant that differed from the other clades. Pros and cons of the possible use of infected-clade males to control uninfected populations are discussed.
format	article
author	Midori Tuda Shun-ichiro Iwase Khadim Kébé Julien Haran Jiri Skuhrovec Ehsan Sanaei Naomichi Tsuji Attila Podlussány Ottó Merkl Ahmed H. El-Heneidy Katsura Morimoto
author_facet	Midori Tuda Shun-ichiro Iwase Khadim Kébé Julien Haran Jiri Skuhrovec Ehsan Sanaei Naomichi Tsuji Attila Podlussány Ottó Merkl Ahmed H. El-Heneidy Katsura Morimoto
author_sort	Midori Tuda
title	Diversification, selective sweep, and body size in the invasive Palearctic alfalfa weevil infected with Wolbachia
title_short	Diversification, selective sweep, and body size in the invasive Palearctic alfalfa weevil infected with Wolbachia
title_full	Diversification, selective sweep, and body size in the invasive Palearctic alfalfa weevil infected with Wolbachia
title_fullStr	Diversification, selective sweep, and body size in the invasive Palearctic alfalfa weevil infected with Wolbachia
title_full_unstemmed	Diversification, selective sweep, and body size in the invasive Palearctic alfalfa weevil infected with Wolbachia
title_sort	diversification, selective sweep, and body size in the invasive palearctic alfalfa weevil infected with wolbachia
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3ada124b88184a2f935d77659eb9d3ff
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Diversification, selective sweep, and body size in the invasive Palearctic alfalfa weevil infected with Wolbachia

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