Pulse grazing by reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) can increase the phylogenetic diversity of vascular plant communities in the Fennoscandian tundra

Abstract Herbivore grazing is an important determinant of plant community assemblages. Thus, it is essential to understand its impact to direct conservation efforts in regions where herbivores are managed. While the impacts of reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) grazing on plant biodiversity and community...

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Autores principales:	Kate Gibson, Johan Olofsson, Arne Ø. Mooers, Melanie J. Monroe
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Wiley 2021
Materias:	biodiversity community structure grazing herbivore phylogenetic diversity Ecology QH540-549.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3ae1dcb0c5cc4f968670485e031f4c54
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3ae1dcb0c5cc4f968670485e031f4c542021-11-08T17:10:40ZPulse grazing by reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) can increase the phylogenetic diversity of vascular plant communities in the Fennoscandian tundra2045-775810.1002/ece3.8131https://doaj.org/article/3ae1dcb0c5cc4f968670485e031f4c542021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8131https://doaj.org/toc/2045-7758Abstract Herbivore grazing is an important determinant of plant community assemblages. Thus, it is essential to understand its impact to direct conservation efforts in regions where herbivores are managed. While the impacts of reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) grazing on plant biodiversity and community composition in the Fennoscandian tundra are well studied, the impact of reindeer grazing on phylogenetic community structure is not. We used data from a multiyear quasi‐experimental study in northern Fennoscandia to analyze the effect of reindeer grazing on plant community diversity including its phylogenetic structure. Our study design used a permanent fence constructed in the 1960s and temporary fences constructed along the permanent fence to expose plant communities to three different grazing regimes: light (almost never grazed), pulse (grazed every other year), and press (chronic grazing for over 40 years). Similar to previous studies on low productivity ecosystems in this region, the species richness and evenness of plant communities with pulse and press grazing did not differ from communities with light grazing. Also consistent with previous studies in this region, we observed a transition from shrub‐dominated communities with light grazing to graminoid‐dominated communities with pulse and press grazing. Interestingly, communities with pulse, but not press, grazing were more phylogenetically dispersed than communities with light grazing. If grazing pulses can increase the phylogenetic diversity of plant communities, our result suggests changes in reindeer management allowing for pulses of grazing to increase phylogenetic diversity of plant communities.Kate GibsonJohan OlofssonArne Ø. MooersMelanie J. MonroeWileyarticlebiodiversitycommunity structuregrazingherbivorephylogenetic diversityEcologyQH540-549.5ENEcology and Evolution, Vol 11, Iss 21, Pp 14598-14614 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	biodiversity community structure grazing herbivore phylogenetic diversity Ecology QH540-549.5
spellingShingle	biodiversity community structure grazing herbivore phylogenetic diversity Ecology QH540-549.5 Kate Gibson Johan Olofsson Arne Ø. Mooers Melanie J. Monroe Pulse grazing by reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) can increase the phylogenetic diversity of vascular plant communities in the Fennoscandian tundra
description	Abstract Herbivore grazing is an important determinant of plant community assemblages. Thus, it is essential to understand its impact to direct conservation efforts in regions where herbivores are managed. While the impacts of reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) grazing on plant biodiversity and community composition in the Fennoscandian tundra are well studied, the impact of reindeer grazing on phylogenetic community structure is not. We used data from a multiyear quasi‐experimental study in northern Fennoscandia to analyze the effect of reindeer grazing on plant community diversity including its phylogenetic structure. Our study design used a permanent fence constructed in the 1960s and temporary fences constructed along the permanent fence to expose plant communities to three different grazing regimes: light (almost never grazed), pulse (grazed every other year), and press (chronic grazing for over 40 years). Similar to previous studies on low productivity ecosystems in this region, the species richness and evenness of plant communities with pulse and press grazing did not differ from communities with light grazing. Also consistent with previous studies in this region, we observed a transition from shrub‐dominated communities with light grazing to graminoid‐dominated communities with pulse and press grazing. Interestingly, communities with pulse, but not press, grazing were more phylogenetically dispersed than communities with light grazing. If grazing pulses can increase the phylogenetic diversity of plant communities, our result suggests changes in reindeer management allowing for pulses of grazing to increase phylogenetic diversity of plant communities.
format	article
author	Kate Gibson Johan Olofsson Arne Ø. Mooers Melanie J. Monroe
author_facet	Kate Gibson Johan Olofsson Arne Ø. Mooers Melanie J. Monroe
author_sort	Kate Gibson
title	Pulse grazing by reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) can increase the phylogenetic diversity of vascular plant communities in the Fennoscandian tundra
title_short	Pulse grazing by reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) can increase the phylogenetic diversity of vascular plant communities in the Fennoscandian tundra
title_full	Pulse grazing by reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) can increase the phylogenetic diversity of vascular plant communities in the Fennoscandian tundra
title_fullStr	Pulse grazing by reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) can increase the phylogenetic diversity of vascular plant communities in the Fennoscandian tundra
title_full_unstemmed	Pulse grazing by reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) can increase the phylogenetic diversity of vascular plant communities in the Fennoscandian tundra
title_sort	pulse grazing by reindeer (rangifer tarandus) can increase the phylogenetic diversity of vascular plant communities in the fennoscandian tundra
publisher	Wiley
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3ae1dcb0c5cc4f968670485e031f4c54
work_keys_str_mv	AT kategibson pulsegrazingbyreindeerrangifertaranduscanincreasethephylogeneticdiversityofvascularplantcommunitiesinthefennoscandiantundra AT johanolofsson pulsegrazingbyreindeerrangifertaranduscanincreasethephylogeneticdiversityofvascularplantcommunitiesinthefennoscandiantundra AT arneømooers pulsegrazingbyreindeerrangifertaranduscanincreasethephylogeneticdiversityofvascularplantcommunitiesinthefennoscandiantundra AT melaniejmonroe pulsegrazingbyreindeerrangifertaranduscanincreasethephylogeneticdiversityofvascularplantcommunitiesinthefennoscandiantundra
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Pulse grazing by reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) can increase the phylogenetic diversity of vascular plant communities in the Fennoscandian tundra

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