Interactions between microbial diversity and substrate chemistry determine the fate of carbon in soil

Abstract Microbial decomposition drives the transformation of plant-derived substrates into microbial products that form stable soil organic matter (SOM). Recent theories have posited that decomposition depends on an interaction between SOM chemistry with microbial diversity and resulting function (...

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Autores principales:	Nanette C. Raczka, Juan Piñeiro, Malak M. Tfaily, Rosalie K. Chu, Mary S. Lipton, Ljiljana Pasa-Tolic, Ember Morrissey, Edward Brzostek
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3b54716e1a65496a9f21c0fc69bde5b1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3b54716e1a65496a9f21c0fc69bde5b12021-12-02T17:37:40ZInteractions between microbial diversity and substrate chemistry determine the fate of carbon in soil10.1038/s41598-021-97942-92045-2322https://doaj.org/article/3b54716e1a65496a9f21c0fc69bde5b12021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-97942-9https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Microbial decomposition drives the transformation of plant-derived substrates into microbial products that form stable soil organic matter (SOM). Recent theories have posited that decomposition depends on an interaction between SOM chemistry with microbial diversity and resulting function (e.g., enzymatic capabilities, growth rates). Here, we explicitly test these theories by coupling quantitative stable isotope probing and metabolomics to track the fate of 13C enriched substrates that vary in chemical composition as they are assimilated by microbes and transformed into new metabolic products in soil. We found that differences in forest nutrient economies (e.g., nutrient cycling, microbial competition) led to arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) soils harboring greater diversity of fungi and bacteria than ectomycorrhizal (ECM) soils. When incubated with 13C enriched substrates, substrate type drove shifts in which species were active decomposers and the abundance of metabolic products that were reduced or saturated in the highly diverse AM soils. The decomposition pathways were more static in the less diverse, ECM soil. Importantly, the majority of these shifts were driven by taxa only present in the AM soil suggesting a strong link between microbial identity and their ability to decompose and assimilate substrates. Collectively, these results highlight an important interaction between ecosystem-level processes and microbial diversity; whereby the identity and function of active decomposers impacts the composition of decomposition products that can form stable SOM.Nanette C. RaczkaJuan PiñeiroMalak M. TfailyRosalie K. ChuMary S. LiptonLjiljana Pasa-TolicEmber MorrisseyEdward BrzostekNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Nanette C. Raczka Juan Piñeiro Malak M. Tfaily Rosalie K. Chu Mary S. Lipton Ljiljana Pasa-Tolic Ember Morrissey Edward Brzostek Interactions between microbial diversity and substrate chemistry determine the fate of carbon in soil
description	Abstract Microbial decomposition drives the transformation of plant-derived substrates into microbial products that form stable soil organic matter (SOM). Recent theories have posited that decomposition depends on an interaction between SOM chemistry with microbial diversity and resulting function (e.g., enzymatic capabilities, growth rates). Here, we explicitly test these theories by coupling quantitative stable isotope probing and metabolomics to track the fate of 13C enriched substrates that vary in chemical composition as they are assimilated by microbes and transformed into new metabolic products in soil. We found that differences in forest nutrient economies (e.g., nutrient cycling, microbial competition) led to arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) soils harboring greater diversity of fungi and bacteria than ectomycorrhizal (ECM) soils. When incubated with 13C enriched substrates, substrate type drove shifts in which species were active decomposers and the abundance of metabolic products that were reduced or saturated in the highly diverse AM soils. The decomposition pathways were more static in the less diverse, ECM soil. Importantly, the majority of these shifts were driven by taxa only present in the AM soil suggesting a strong link between microbial identity and their ability to decompose and assimilate substrates. Collectively, these results highlight an important interaction between ecosystem-level processes and microbial diversity; whereby the identity and function of active decomposers impacts the composition of decomposition products that can form stable SOM.
format	article
author	Nanette C. Raczka Juan Piñeiro Malak M. Tfaily Rosalie K. Chu Mary S. Lipton Ljiljana Pasa-Tolic Ember Morrissey Edward Brzostek
author_facet	Nanette C. Raczka Juan Piñeiro Malak M. Tfaily Rosalie K. Chu Mary S. Lipton Ljiljana Pasa-Tolic Ember Morrissey Edward Brzostek
author_sort	Nanette C. Raczka
title	Interactions between microbial diversity and substrate chemistry determine the fate of carbon in soil
title_short	Interactions between microbial diversity and substrate chemistry determine the fate of carbon in soil
title_full	Interactions between microbial diversity and substrate chemistry determine the fate of carbon in soil
title_fullStr	Interactions between microbial diversity and substrate chemistry determine the fate of carbon in soil
title_full_unstemmed	Interactions between microbial diversity and substrate chemistry determine the fate of carbon in soil
title_sort	interactions between microbial diversity and substrate chemistry determine the fate of carbon in soil
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3b54716e1a65496a9f21c0fc69bde5b1
work_keys_str_mv	AT nanettecraczka interactionsbetweenmicrobialdiversityandsubstratechemistrydeterminethefateofcarboninsoil AT juanpineiro interactionsbetweenmicrobialdiversityandsubstratechemistrydeterminethefateofcarboninsoil AT malakmtfaily interactionsbetweenmicrobialdiversityandsubstratechemistrydeterminethefateofcarboninsoil AT rosaliekchu interactionsbetweenmicrobialdiversityandsubstratechemistrydeterminethefateofcarboninsoil AT maryslipton interactionsbetweenmicrobialdiversityandsubstratechemistrydeterminethefateofcarboninsoil AT ljiljanapasatolic interactionsbetweenmicrobialdiversityandsubstratechemistrydeterminethefateofcarboninsoil AT embermorrissey interactionsbetweenmicrobialdiversityandsubstratechemistrydeterminethefateofcarboninsoil AT edwardbrzostek interactionsbetweenmicrobialdiversityandsubstratechemistrydeterminethefateofcarboninsoil
_version_	1718379876655824896

Interactions between microbial diversity and substrate chemistry determine the fate of carbon in soil

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