Presbyopia Treatments by Mechanism of Action: A New Classification System Based on a Review of the Literature

Daniel H Chang,1 George O Waring 4th,2 Milton Hom,3 Melissa Barnett4 1Empire Eye and Laser Center, Bakersfield, CA, USA; 2Waring Vision Institute, Mt. Pleasant, SC, USA; 3Canyon City Eyecare, Azusa, CA, USA; 4University of California, Davis Eye Center, Sacramento, CA, USACorrespondence: Daniel H Cha...

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Autores principales:	Chang DH, Waring GO 4th, Hom M, Barnett M
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2021
Materias:	accommodation presbyopia functional through focus Ophthalmology RE1-994
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3b62238df19843e6897296cc48b36735
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3b62238df19843e6897296cc48b367352021-12-02T14:55:45ZPresbyopia Treatments by Mechanism of Action: A New Classification System Based on a Review of the Literature1177-5483https://doaj.org/article/3b62238df19843e6897296cc48b367352021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/presbyopia-treatments-by-mechanism-of-action-a-new-classification-syst-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-OPTHhttps://doaj.org/toc/1177-5483Daniel H Chang,1 George O Waring 4th,2 Milton Hom,3 Melissa Barnett4 1Empire Eye and Laser Center, Bakersfield, CA, USA; 2Waring Vision Institute, Mt. Pleasant, SC, USA; 3Canyon City Eyecare, Azusa, CA, USA; 4University of California, Davis Eye Center, Sacramento, CA, USACorrespondence: Daniel H ChangEmpire Eye and Laser Center, 4105 Empire Drive, Bakersfield, CA, 93309, USAEmail dchang@empireeyeandlaser.comAbstract: Presbyopia, a loss of accommodative ability associated with aging, is a significant cause of vision impairment globally. At the clinical level, it is a frustrating and difficult issue that negatively impacts patients’ quality of life. Less appreciated is the fact that loss of accommodative ability and its current treatments methods may present safety concerns, for example, increasing the risk of falls. Therefore, a more complete understanding of treatment options with respect to how they relate to the natural ability of the eye is needed to improve decision making and to aid clinicians in individualizing treatment options. This article reviews the options for expanding functional through focus—a term coined to describe the ability of the eye to see at all distances with minimal latency—by how they vary the refractive power over time, across the visual field, between eyes, or across a range of distances.Keywords: accommodation, presbyopia, functional through focusChang DHWaring GO 4thHom MBarnett MDove Medical Pressarticleaccommodationpresbyopiafunctional through focusOphthalmologyRE1-994ENClinical Ophthalmology, Vol Volume 15, Pp 3733-3745 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	accommodation presbyopia functional through focus Ophthalmology RE1-994
spellingShingle	accommodation presbyopia functional through focus Ophthalmology RE1-994 Chang DH Waring GO 4th Hom M Barnett M Presbyopia Treatments by Mechanism of Action: A New Classification System Based on a Review of the Literature
description	Daniel H Chang,1 George O Waring 4th,2 Milton Hom,3 Melissa Barnett4 1Empire Eye and Laser Center, Bakersfield, CA, USA; 2Waring Vision Institute, Mt. Pleasant, SC, USA; 3Canyon City Eyecare, Azusa, CA, USA; 4University of California, Davis Eye Center, Sacramento, CA, USACorrespondence: Daniel H ChangEmpire Eye and Laser Center, 4105 Empire Drive, Bakersfield, CA, 93309, USAEmail dchang@empireeyeandlaser.comAbstract: Presbyopia, a loss of accommodative ability associated with aging, is a significant cause of vision impairment globally. At the clinical level, it is a frustrating and difficult issue that negatively impacts patients’ quality of life. Less appreciated is the fact that loss of accommodative ability and its current treatments methods may present safety concerns, for example, increasing the risk of falls. Therefore, a more complete understanding of treatment options with respect to how they relate to the natural ability of the eye is needed to improve decision making and to aid clinicians in individualizing treatment options. This article reviews the options for expanding functional through focus—a term coined to describe the ability of the eye to see at all distances with minimal latency—by how they vary the refractive power over time, across the visual field, between eyes, or across a range of distances.Keywords: accommodation, presbyopia, functional through focus
format	article
author	Chang DH Waring GO 4th Hom M Barnett M
author_facet	Chang DH Waring GO 4th Hom M Barnett M
author_sort	Chang DH
title	Presbyopia Treatments by Mechanism of Action: A New Classification System Based on a Review of the Literature
title_short	Presbyopia Treatments by Mechanism of Action: A New Classification System Based on a Review of the Literature
title_full	Presbyopia Treatments by Mechanism of Action: A New Classification System Based on a Review of the Literature
title_fullStr	Presbyopia Treatments by Mechanism of Action: A New Classification System Based on a Review of the Literature
title_full_unstemmed	Presbyopia Treatments by Mechanism of Action: A New Classification System Based on a Review of the Literature
title_sort	presbyopia treatments by mechanism of action: a new classification system based on a review of the literature
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3b62238df19843e6897296cc48b36735
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Presbyopia Treatments by Mechanism of Action: A New Classification System Based on a Review of the Literature

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