Aging of low and high level vision: from chromatic and achromatic contrast sensitivity to local and 3D object motion perception.

The influence of normal aging in early, intermediate and high-level visual processing is still poorly understood. We have addressed this important issue in a large cohort of 653 subjects divided into five distinct age groups, [20;30[, [30;40[, [40;50[, [50;60[and [60;[. We applied a broad range of p...

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Autores principales:	Catarina Mateus, Raquel Lemos, Maria Fátima Silva, Aldina Reis, Pedro Fonseca, Bárbara Oliveiros, Miguel Castelo-Branco
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3b66f1d496234c5e94fbdc1f296a121b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3b66f1d496234c5e94fbdc1f296a121b2021-11-18T07:59:10ZAging of low and high level vision: from chromatic and achromatic contrast sensitivity to local and 3D object motion perception.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0055348https://doaj.org/article/3b66f1d496234c5e94fbdc1f296a121b2013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23383163/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203The influence of normal aging in early, intermediate and high-level visual processing is still poorly understood. We have addressed this important issue in a large cohort of 653 subjects divided into five distinct age groups, [20;30[, [30;40[, [40;50[, [50;60[and [60;[. We applied a broad range of psychophysical tests, testing distinct levels of the visual hierarchy, from local processing to global integration, using simple gratings (spatial contrast sensitivity -CS- using high temporal/low spatial frequency or intermediate spatial frequency static gratings), color CS using Landolt patches, moving dot stimuli (Local Speed Discrimination) and dot patterns defining 3D objects (3D Structure from Motion, 3D SFM). Aging data were fitted with linear or quadratic regression models, using the adjusted coefficient of determination (R² (a)) to quantify the effect of aging. A significant effect of age was found on all visual channels tested, except for the red-green chromatic channel. The high temporal low spatial frequency contrast sensitivity channel showed a mean sensitivity loss of 0.75 dB per decade (R² (a) = 0.17, p<0.001), while the lower intermediate spatial frequency channel showed a more pronounced decrease, around 2.35 dB (R² (a) = 0.55, p<0.001). Concerning low-level motion perception, speed discrimination decreased 2.71°/s (R² (a) = 0.18, p<0.001) and 3.15°/s (R² (a) = 0.13, p<0.001) only for short presentations for horizontal and oblique meridians, respectively. The 3D SFM task, requiring high-level integration across dorsal and ventral streams, showed the strongest (quadratic) decrease of motion coherence perception with age, especially when the task was temporally constrained (R² (a) = 0.54, p<0.001). These findings show that visual channels are influenced by aging into different extent, with time presenting a critical role, and high-level dorso-ventral dominance of deterioration, which accelerates with aging, in contrast to the other channels that show a linear pattern of deterioration.Catarina MateusRaquel LemosMaria Fátima SilvaAldina ReisPedro FonsecaBárbara OliveirosMiguel Castelo-BrancoPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 1, p e55348 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Catarina Mateus Raquel Lemos Maria Fátima Silva Aldina Reis Pedro Fonseca Bárbara Oliveiros Miguel Castelo-Branco Aging of low and high level vision: from chromatic and achromatic contrast sensitivity to local and 3D object motion perception.
description	The influence of normal aging in early, intermediate and high-level visual processing is still poorly understood. We have addressed this important issue in a large cohort of 653 subjects divided into five distinct age groups, [20;30[, [30;40[, [40;50[, [50;60[and [60;[. We applied a broad range of psychophysical tests, testing distinct levels of the visual hierarchy, from local processing to global integration, using simple gratings (spatial contrast sensitivity -CS- using high temporal/low spatial frequency or intermediate spatial frequency static gratings), color CS using Landolt patches, moving dot stimuli (Local Speed Discrimination) and dot patterns defining 3D objects (3D Structure from Motion, 3D SFM). Aging data were fitted with linear or quadratic regression models, using the adjusted coefficient of determination (R² (a)) to quantify the effect of aging. A significant effect of age was found on all visual channels tested, except for the red-green chromatic channel. The high temporal low spatial frequency contrast sensitivity channel showed a mean sensitivity loss of 0.75 dB per decade (R² (a) = 0.17, p<0.001), while the lower intermediate spatial frequency channel showed a more pronounced decrease, around 2.35 dB (R² (a) = 0.55, p<0.001). Concerning low-level motion perception, speed discrimination decreased 2.71°/s (R² (a) = 0.18, p<0.001) and 3.15°/s (R² (a) = 0.13, p<0.001) only for short presentations for horizontal and oblique meridians, respectively. The 3D SFM task, requiring high-level integration across dorsal and ventral streams, showed the strongest (quadratic) decrease of motion coherence perception with age, especially when the task was temporally constrained (R² (a) = 0.54, p<0.001). These findings show that visual channels are influenced by aging into different extent, with time presenting a critical role, and high-level dorso-ventral dominance of deterioration, which accelerates with aging, in contrast to the other channels that show a linear pattern of deterioration.
format	article
author	Catarina Mateus Raquel Lemos Maria Fátima Silva Aldina Reis Pedro Fonseca Bárbara Oliveiros Miguel Castelo-Branco
author_facet	Catarina Mateus Raquel Lemos Maria Fátima Silva Aldina Reis Pedro Fonseca Bárbara Oliveiros Miguel Castelo-Branco
author_sort	Catarina Mateus
title	Aging of low and high level vision: from chromatic and achromatic contrast sensitivity to local and 3D object motion perception.
title_short	Aging of low and high level vision: from chromatic and achromatic contrast sensitivity to local and 3D object motion perception.
title_full	Aging of low and high level vision: from chromatic and achromatic contrast sensitivity to local and 3D object motion perception.
title_fullStr	Aging of low and high level vision: from chromatic and achromatic contrast sensitivity to local and 3D object motion perception.
title_full_unstemmed	Aging of low and high level vision: from chromatic and achromatic contrast sensitivity to local and 3D object motion perception.
title_sort	aging of low and high level vision: from chromatic and achromatic contrast sensitivity to local and 3d object motion perception.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/3b66f1d496234c5e94fbdc1f296a121b
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Aging of low and high level vision: from chromatic and achromatic contrast sensitivity to local and 3D object motion perception.

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