Harvest time affects antioxidant capacity, total polyphenol and flavonoid content of Polish St John’s wort’s (Hypericum perforatum L.) flowers

Abstract The polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity of hyperforin and hypericin-standardized H. perforatum L. extracts may vary due to the harvest time. In this work, ethanol and ethanol–water extracts of air-dried and lyophilized flowers of H. perforatum L., collected throughout a vegetation s...

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Autores principales:	Katerina Makarova, Joanna J. Sajkowska-Kozielewicz, Katarzyna Zawada, Ewa Olchowik-Grabarek, Michał Aleksander Ciach, Krzysztof Gogolewski, Natalia Dobros, Paulina Ciechowicz, Hélène Freichels, Anna Gambin
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3bd3fc227b974e16b27f5e1d0dafe462
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3bd3fc227b974e16b27f5e1d0dafe4622021-12-02T12:11:34ZHarvest time affects antioxidant capacity, total polyphenol and flavonoid content of Polish St John’s wort’s (Hypericum perforatum L.) flowers10.1038/s41598-021-83409-42045-2322https://doaj.org/article/3bd3fc227b974e16b27f5e1d0dafe4622021-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83409-4https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity of hyperforin and hypericin-standardized H. perforatum L. extracts may vary due to the harvest time. In this work, ethanol and ethanol–water extracts of air-dried and lyophilized flowers of H. perforatum L., collected throughout a vegetation season in central Poland, were studied. Air-dried flowers extracts had higher polyphenol (371 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid (160 mg CAE/g) content, DPPH radical scavenging (1672 mg DPPH/g), ORAC (5214 µmol TE/g) and FRAP (2.54 mmol Fe2+/g) than lyophilized flowers extracts (238 mg GAE/g, 107 mg CAE/g, 1287 mg DPPH/g, 3313 µmol TE/g and 0.31 mmol Fe2+/g, respectively). Principal component analysis showed that the collection date influenced the flavonoid and polyphenol contents and FRAP of ethanol extracts, and DPPH and ORAC values of ethanol–water extracts. The ethanol extracts with the highest polyphenol and flavonoid content protected human erythrocytes against bisphenol A-induced damage. Both high field and benchtop NMR spectra of selected extracts, revealed differences in composition caused by extraction solvent and raw material collection date. Moreover, we have shown that benchtop NMR can be used to detect the compositional variation of extracts if the assignment of signals is done previously.Katerina MakarovaJoanna J. Sajkowska-KozielewiczKatarzyna ZawadaEwa Olchowik-GrabarekMichał Aleksander CiachKrzysztof GogolewskiNatalia DobrosPaulina CiechowiczHélène FreichelsAnna GambinNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Katerina Makarova Joanna J. Sajkowska-Kozielewicz Katarzyna Zawada Ewa Olchowik-Grabarek Michał Aleksander Ciach Krzysztof Gogolewski Natalia Dobros Paulina Ciechowicz Hélène Freichels Anna Gambin Harvest time affects antioxidant capacity, total polyphenol and flavonoid content of Polish St John’s wort’s (Hypericum perforatum L.) flowers
description	Abstract The polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity of hyperforin and hypericin-standardized H. perforatum L. extracts may vary due to the harvest time. In this work, ethanol and ethanol–water extracts of air-dried and lyophilized flowers of H. perforatum L., collected throughout a vegetation season in central Poland, were studied. Air-dried flowers extracts had higher polyphenol (371 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid (160 mg CAE/g) content, DPPH radical scavenging (1672 mg DPPH/g), ORAC (5214 µmol TE/g) and FRAP (2.54 mmol Fe2+/g) than lyophilized flowers extracts (238 mg GAE/g, 107 mg CAE/g, 1287 mg DPPH/g, 3313 µmol TE/g and 0.31 mmol Fe2+/g, respectively). Principal component analysis showed that the collection date influenced the flavonoid and polyphenol contents and FRAP of ethanol extracts, and DPPH and ORAC values of ethanol–water extracts. The ethanol extracts with the highest polyphenol and flavonoid content protected human erythrocytes against bisphenol A-induced damage. Both high field and benchtop NMR spectra of selected extracts, revealed differences in composition caused by extraction solvent and raw material collection date. Moreover, we have shown that benchtop NMR can be used to detect the compositional variation of extracts if the assignment of signals is done previously.
format	article
author	Katerina Makarova Joanna J. Sajkowska-Kozielewicz Katarzyna Zawada Ewa Olchowik-Grabarek Michał Aleksander Ciach Krzysztof Gogolewski Natalia Dobros Paulina Ciechowicz Hélène Freichels Anna Gambin
author_facet	Katerina Makarova Joanna J. Sajkowska-Kozielewicz Katarzyna Zawada Ewa Olchowik-Grabarek Michał Aleksander Ciach Krzysztof Gogolewski Natalia Dobros Paulina Ciechowicz Hélène Freichels Anna Gambin
author_sort	Katerina Makarova
title	Harvest time affects antioxidant capacity, total polyphenol and flavonoid content of Polish St John’s wort’s (Hypericum perforatum L.) flowers
title_short	Harvest time affects antioxidant capacity, total polyphenol and flavonoid content of Polish St John’s wort’s (Hypericum perforatum L.) flowers
title_full	Harvest time affects antioxidant capacity, total polyphenol and flavonoid content of Polish St John’s wort’s (Hypericum perforatum L.) flowers
title_fullStr	Harvest time affects antioxidant capacity, total polyphenol and flavonoid content of Polish St John’s wort’s (Hypericum perforatum L.) flowers
title_full_unstemmed	Harvest time affects antioxidant capacity, total polyphenol and flavonoid content of Polish St John’s wort’s (Hypericum perforatum L.) flowers
title_sort	harvest time affects antioxidant capacity, total polyphenol and flavonoid content of polish st john’s wort’s (hypericum perforatum l.) flowers
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3bd3fc227b974e16b27f5e1d0dafe462
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Harvest time affects antioxidant capacity, total polyphenol and flavonoid content of Polish St John’s wort’s (Hypericum perforatum L.) flowers

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