Comparative assessment of the relationship between coliform bacteria and water geochemistry in surface and ground water systems.

The occurrence of pollution indicator bacteria (total and faecal coliform) has been used as a sanitary parameter for evaluating the quality of drinking water. It is known that these indicators are associated with disease causing organisms which are of great concern to public health. This study asses...

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Autores principales:	Simon Appah Aram, Benjamin M Saalidong, Patrick Osei Lartey
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3c01195fbf9840d39f37d7d4a3e93e11
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3c01195fbf9840d39f37d7d4a3e93e112021-12-02T20:17:28ZComparative assessment of the relationship between coliform bacteria and water geochemistry in surface and ground water systems.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0257715https://doaj.org/article/3c01195fbf9840d39f37d7d4a3e93e112021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257715https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203The occurrence of pollution indicator bacteria (total and faecal coliform) has been used as a sanitary parameter for evaluating the quality of drinking water. It is known that these indicators are associated with disease causing organisms which are of great concern to public health. This study assessed the relationship between coliform bacteria and water geochemistry in surface and ground water systems in the Tarkwa mining area using logistic regression models. In surface water sources, higher values of chloride (OR = 0.891, p<005), phosphates (OR = 0.452, p<0.05), pH (OR = 0.174, p<0.05) and zinc (OR = 0.001, p<0.05) were associated with lower odds of faecal coliform contamination. In groundwater sources, higher values of phosphates (OR = 0.043, p<0.001), total dissolved solids (OR = 0.858, p<0.05), turbidity (OR = 0.996, p<0.05) and nickel (OR = 6.09E-07, p<0.05) implied non-contamination by faecal coliform. However, higher values of electrical conductivity (OR = 1.097, p<0.05), nitrates (OR = 1.191, p<0.05) and total suspended solids (OR = 1.023, p<0.05) were associated with higher odds of faecal coliform contamination of groundwater sources. Nitrates and total suspended solids, in this case, were completely mediated by the heavy metals. For total coliform in surface water systems, higher values of magnesium (OR = 1.070, p<0.05) was associated with higher odds of total coliform contamination while higher values of phosphates (OR = 0.968, p<0.05) was associated with lower odds of total coliform contamination although the presence of heavy metals completely mediated these relationships. For ground water systems, higher values of pH (OR = 0.083, p<0.05), phosphates (OR = 0.092, p<0.05), turbidity (OR = 0.950, p<0.05) and chloride (OR = 0.860, p<0.05) were associated with lower odds of total coliform contamination. However, higher values of total suspended solids (OR = 1.054, p<0.05) and nitrates (OR = 1.069, p<0.05) implied contamination of total coliform in ground water sources. The relationship between nitrates and total coliform were mediated by the heavy metals. This study establishes the need to monitor, manage and remediate surface and ground water sources for potential disease causing microbes in ways that takes into consideration the factors that create different conditions in the two water systems. This study validates the usefulness of statistical models as tools for preventing surface and ground water contamination.Simon Appah AramBenjamin M SaalidongPatrick Osei LarteyPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 9, p e0257715 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Simon Appah Aram Benjamin M Saalidong Patrick Osei Lartey Comparative assessment of the relationship between coliform bacteria and water geochemistry in surface and ground water systems.
description	The occurrence of pollution indicator bacteria (total and faecal coliform) has been used as a sanitary parameter for evaluating the quality of drinking water. It is known that these indicators are associated with disease causing organisms which are of great concern to public health. This study assessed the relationship between coliform bacteria and water geochemistry in surface and ground water systems in the Tarkwa mining area using logistic regression models. In surface water sources, higher values of chloride (OR = 0.891, p<005), phosphates (OR = 0.452, p<0.05), pH (OR = 0.174, p<0.05) and zinc (OR = 0.001, p<0.05) were associated with lower odds of faecal coliform contamination. In groundwater sources, higher values of phosphates (OR = 0.043, p<0.001), total dissolved solids (OR = 0.858, p<0.05), turbidity (OR = 0.996, p<0.05) and nickel (OR = 6.09E-07, p<0.05) implied non-contamination by faecal coliform. However, higher values of electrical conductivity (OR = 1.097, p<0.05), nitrates (OR = 1.191, p<0.05) and total suspended solids (OR = 1.023, p<0.05) were associated with higher odds of faecal coliform contamination of groundwater sources. Nitrates and total suspended solids, in this case, were completely mediated by the heavy metals. For total coliform in surface water systems, higher values of magnesium (OR = 1.070, p<0.05) was associated with higher odds of total coliform contamination while higher values of phosphates (OR = 0.968, p<0.05) was associated with lower odds of total coliform contamination although the presence of heavy metals completely mediated these relationships. For ground water systems, higher values of pH (OR = 0.083, p<0.05), phosphates (OR = 0.092, p<0.05), turbidity (OR = 0.950, p<0.05) and chloride (OR = 0.860, p<0.05) were associated with lower odds of total coliform contamination. However, higher values of total suspended solids (OR = 1.054, p<0.05) and nitrates (OR = 1.069, p<0.05) implied contamination of total coliform in ground water sources. The relationship between nitrates and total coliform were mediated by the heavy metals. This study establishes the need to monitor, manage and remediate surface and ground water sources for potential disease causing microbes in ways that takes into consideration the factors that create different conditions in the two water systems. This study validates the usefulness of statistical models as tools for preventing surface and ground water contamination.
format	article
author	Simon Appah Aram Benjamin M Saalidong Patrick Osei Lartey
author_facet	Simon Appah Aram Benjamin M Saalidong Patrick Osei Lartey
author_sort	Simon Appah Aram
title	Comparative assessment of the relationship between coliform bacteria and water geochemistry in surface and ground water systems.
title_short	Comparative assessment of the relationship between coliform bacteria and water geochemistry in surface and ground water systems.
title_full	Comparative assessment of the relationship between coliform bacteria and water geochemistry in surface and ground water systems.
title_fullStr	Comparative assessment of the relationship between coliform bacteria and water geochemistry in surface and ground water systems.
title_full_unstemmed	Comparative assessment of the relationship between coliform bacteria and water geochemistry in surface and ground water systems.
title_sort	comparative assessment of the relationship between coliform bacteria and water geochemistry in surface and ground water systems.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3c01195fbf9840d39f37d7d4a3e93e11
work_keys_str_mv	AT simonappaharam comparativeassessmentoftherelationshipbetweencoliformbacteriaandwatergeochemistryinsurfaceandgroundwatersystems AT benjaminmsaalidong comparativeassessmentoftherelationshipbetweencoliformbacteriaandwatergeochemistryinsurfaceandgroundwatersystems AT patrickoseilartey comparativeassessmentoftherelationshipbetweencoliformbacteriaandwatergeochemistryinsurfaceandgroundwatersystems
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Comparative assessment of the relationship between coliform bacteria and water geochemistry in surface and ground water systems.

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