Body water distribution and risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in a healthy population: a prospective cohort study.

<h4>Background</h4>Early alterations in the cardiovascular structure and function may change normal body water distribution. The resulting fluid shifts may thus serve as an early marker for cardiovascular disease. However, studies examining this in healthy populations are absent.<h4&g...

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Autores principales:	Nikoline Nygård Knudsen, Thora Majlund Kjærulff, Leigh Cordwin Ward, Ditte Sæbye, Claus Holst, Berit Lilienthal Heitmann
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3c046ec3083f4f519094b45b4d377da5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3c046ec3083f4f519094b45b4d377da52021-11-18T08:34:16ZBody water distribution and risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in a healthy population: a prospective cohort study.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0087466https://doaj.org/article/3c046ec3083f4f519094b45b4d377da52014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24498327/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Early alterations in the cardiovascular structure and function may change normal body water distribution. The resulting fluid shifts may thus serve as an early marker for cardiovascular disease. However, studies examining this in healthy populations are absent.<h4>Objective</h4>This study examined the association between the proportion of total body water that is extracellular water and subsequent development of non-fatal or fatal cardiovascular disease in a healthy population.<h4>Method</h4>Bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy is an easy-to-use, non-invasive and relatively inexpensive technique to evaluate changes in body water distribution. A random subset (n = 2120) of Danes aged 41-71 years, examined in 1993-1994 for body water distribution by bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy was included. Cox-proportional hazard models and linear splines were performed. The ratio between resistance estimates from an infinite-frequency and from no-frequency (R∞/R0) was used as a surrogate measure of ratio between extracellular water and total body water. The outcome was 13.5 years of follow-up for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.<h4>Results</h4>A high proportion of total body water that is extracellular water was associated with increased risk of incident cardiovascular disease. A threshold effect was evident, with greatly increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality above R∞/R0 = 0.68. Below the threshold there seemed to be no additional benefit of having a low ratio.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Our findings suggest that non-clinically evident oedema, measured as an increased proportion of total body water that is extracellular, above a threshold of 0.68, may be an early marker of pre-clinical cardiovascular disease. This simple, safe, cheap and easily obtainable measure of R∞/R0 from bioelectrical impedance may help the early identification of these otherwise clinically healthy individuals who are at an increased risk of future cardiovascular disease. However, more studies are needed before it can be concluded that bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy improves clinical risk prediction.Nikoline Nygård KnudsenThora Majlund KjærulffLeigh Cordwin WardDitte SæbyeClaus HolstBerit Lilienthal HeitmannPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 2, p e87466 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Nikoline Nygård Knudsen Thora Majlund Kjærulff Leigh Cordwin Ward Ditte Sæbye Claus Holst Berit Lilienthal Heitmann Body water distribution and risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in a healthy population: a prospective cohort study.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Early alterations in the cardiovascular structure and function may change normal body water distribution. The resulting fluid shifts may thus serve as an early marker for cardiovascular disease. However, studies examining this in healthy populations are absent.<h4>Objective</h4>This study examined the association between the proportion of total body water that is extracellular water and subsequent development of non-fatal or fatal cardiovascular disease in a healthy population.<h4>Method</h4>Bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy is an easy-to-use, non-invasive and relatively inexpensive technique to evaluate changes in body water distribution. A random subset (n = 2120) of Danes aged 41-71 years, examined in 1993-1994 for body water distribution by bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy was included. Cox-proportional hazard models and linear splines were performed. The ratio between resistance estimates from an infinite-frequency and from no-frequency (R∞/R0) was used as a surrogate measure of ratio between extracellular water and total body water. The outcome was 13.5 years of follow-up for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.<h4>Results</h4>A high proportion of total body water that is extracellular water was associated with increased risk of incident cardiovascular disease. A threshold effect was evident, with greatly increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality above R∞/R0 = 0.68. Below the threshold there seemed to be no additional benefit of having a low ratio.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Our findings suggest that non-clinically evident oedema, measured as an increased proportion of total body water that is extracellular, above a threshold of 0.68, may be an early marker of pre-clinical cardiovascular disease. This simple, safe, cheap and easily obtainable measure of R∞/R0 from bioelectrical impedance may help the early identification of these otherwise clinically healthy individuals who are at an increased risk of future cardiovascular disease. However, more studies are needed before it can be concluded that bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy improves clinical risk prediction.
format	article
author	Nikoline Nygård Knudsen Thora Majlund Kjærulff Leigh Cordwin Ward Ditte Sæbye Claus Holst Berit Lilienthal Heitmann
author_facet	Nikoline Nygård Knudsen Thora Majlund Kjærulff Leigh Cordwin Ward Ditte Sæbye Claus Holst Berit Lilienthal Heitmann
author_sort	Nikoline Nygård Knudsen
title	Body water distribution and risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in a healthy population: a prospective cohort study.
title_short	Body water distribution and risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in a healthy population: a prospective cohort study.
title_full	Body water distribution and risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in a healthy population: a prospective cohort study.
title_fullStr	Body water distribution and risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in a healthy population: a prospective cohort study.
title_full_unstemmed	Body water distribution and risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in a healthy population: a prospective cohort study.
title_sort	body water distribution and risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in a healthy population: a prospective cohort study.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/3c046ec3083f4f519094b45b4d377da5
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Body water distribution and risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in a healthy population: a prospective cohort study.

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