Individual differences in holistic processing predict the own-race advantage in recognition memory.

Individuals are consistently better at recognizing own-race faces compared to other-race faces (other-race effect, ORE). One popular hypothesis is that this recognition memory ORE is caused by differential own- and other-race holistic processing, the simultaneous integration of part and configural f...

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Autores principales:	Joseph Degutis, Rogelio J Mercado, Jeremy Wilmer, Andrew Rosenblatt
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3c1258355e8848de8fa869a207ab85dc
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3c1258355e8848de8fa869a207ab85dc2021-11-18T07:49:52ZIndividual differences in holistic processing predict the own-race advantage in recognition memory.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0058253https://doaj.org/article/3c1258355e8848de8fa869a207ab85dc2013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23593119/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Individuals are consistently better at recognizing own-race faces compared to other-race faces (other-race effect, ORE). One popular hypothesis is that this recognition memory ORE is caused by differential own- and other-race holistic processing, the simultaneous integration of part and configural face information into a coherent whole. Holistic processing may create a more rich, detailed memory representation of own-race faces compared to other-race faces. Despite several studies showing that own-race faces are processed more holistically than other-race faces, studies have yet to link the holistic processing ORE and the recognition memory ORE. In the current study, we sought to use a more valid method of analyzing individual differences in holistic processing by using regression to statistically remove the influence of the control condition (part trials in the part-whole task) from the condition of interest (whole trials in the part-whole task). We also employed regression to separately examine the two components of the ORE: own-race advantage (regressing other-race from own-race performance) and other-race decrement (regressing own-race from other-race performance). First, we demonstrated that own-race faces were processed more holistically than other-race faces, particularly the eye region. Notably, using regression, we showed a significant association between the own-race advantage in recognition memory and the own-race advantage in holistic processing and that these associations were weaker when examining the other-race decrement. We also demonstrated that performance on own- and other-race faces across all of our tasks was highly correlated, suggesting that the differences we found between own- and other-race faces are quantitative rather than qualitative. Together, this suggests that own- and other-race faces recruit largely similar mechanisms, that own-race faces more thoroughly engage holistic processing, and that this greater engagement of holistic processing is significantly associated with the own-race advantage in recognition memory.Joseph DegutisRogelio J MercadoJeremy WilmerAndrew RosenblattPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 4, p e58253 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Joseph Degutis Rogelio J Mercado Jeremy Wilmer Andrew Rosenblatt Individual differences in holistic processing predict the own-race advantage in recognition memory.
description	Individuals are consistently better at recognizing own-race faces compared to other-race faces (other-race effect, ORE). One popular hypothesis is that this recognition memory ORE is caused by differential own- and other-race holistic processing, the simultaneous integration of part and configural face information into a coherent whole. Holistic processing may create a more rich, detailed memory representation of own-race faces compared to other-race faces. Despite several studies showing that own-race faces are processed more holistically than other-race faces, studies have yet to link the holistic processing ORE and the recognition memory ORE. In the current study, we sought to use a more valid method of analyzing individual differences in holistic processing by using regression to statistically remove the influence of the control condition (part trials in the part-whole task) from the condition of interest (whole trials in the part-whole task). We also employed regression to separately examine the two components of the ORE: own-race advantage (regressing other-race from own-race performance) and other-race decrement (regressing own-race from other-race performance). First, we demonstrated that own-race faces were processed more holistically than other-race faces, particularly the eye region. Notably, using regression, we showed a significant association between the own-race advantage in recognition memory and the own-race advantage in holistic processing and that these associations were weaker when examining the other-race decrement. We also demonstrated that performance on own- and other-race faces across all of our tasks was highly correlated, suggesting that the differences we found between own- and other-race faces are quantitative rather than qualitative. Together, this suggests that own- and other-race faces recruit largely similar mechanisms, that own-race faces more thoroughly engage holistic processing, and that this greater engagement of holistic processing is significantly associated with the own-race advantage in recognition memory.
format	article
author	Joseph Degutis Rogelio J Mercado Jeremy Wilmer Andrew Rosenblatt
author_facet	Joseph Degutis Rogelio J Mercado Jeremy Wilmer Andrew Rosenblatt
author_sort	Joseph Degutis
title	Individual differences in holistic processing predict the own-race advantage in recognition memory.
title_short	Individual differences in holistic processing predict the own-race advantage in recognition memory.
title_full	Individual differences in holistic processing predict the own-race advantage in recognition memory.
title_fullStr	Individual differences in holistic processing predict the own-race advantage in recognition memory.
title_full_unstemmed	Individual differences in holistic processing predict the own-race advantage in recognition memory.
title_sort	individual differences in holistic processing predict the own-race advantage in recognition memory.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/3c1258355e8848de8fa869a207ab85dc
work_keys_str_mv	AT josephdegutis individualdifferencesinholisticprocessingpredicttheownraceadvantageinrecognitionmemory AT rogeliojmercado individualdifferencesinholisticprocessingpredicttheownraceadvantageinrecognitionmemory AT jeremywilmer individualdifferencesinholisticprocessingpredicttheownraceadvantageinrecognitionmemory AT andrewrosenblatt individualdifferencesinholisticprocessingpredicttheownraceadvantageinrecognitionmemory
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Individual differences in holistic processing predict the own-race advantage in recognition memory.

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