An uncertainty-based model of the effects of fixation on choice.

When people view a consumable item for a longer amount of time, they choose it more frequently; this also seems to be the direction of causality. The leading model of this effect is a drift-diffusion model with a fixation-based attentional bias. Here, we propose an explicitly Bayesian account for th...

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Autores principales:	Zhi-Wei Li, Wei Ji Ma
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3c18a09a142b47dea193cd2266e32745
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3c18a09a142b47dea193cd2266e327452021-12-02T19:58:04ZAn uncertainty-based model of the effects of fixation on choice.1553-734X1553-735810.1371/journal.pcbi.1009190https://doaj.org/article/3c18a09a142b47dea193cd2266e327452021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009190https://doaj.org/toc/1553-734Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-7358When people view a consumable item for a longer amount of time, they choose it more frequently; this also seems to be the direction of causality. The leading model of this effect is a drift-diffusion model with a fixation-based attentional bias. Here, we propose an explicitly Bayesian account for the same data. This account is based on the notion that the brain builds a posterior belief over the value of an item in the same way it would over a sensory variable. As the agent gathers evidence about the item from sensory observations and from retrieved memories, the posterior distribution narrows. We further postulate that the utility of an item is a weighted sum of the posterior mean and the negative posterior standard deviation, with the latter accounting for risk aversion. Fixating for longer can increase or decrease the posterior mean, but will inevitably lower the posterior standard deviation. This model fits the data better than the original attentional drift-diffusion model but worse than a variant with a collapsing bound. We discuss the often overlooked technical challenges in fitting models simultaneously to choice and response time data in the absence of an analytical expression. Our results hopefully contribute to emerging accounts of valuation as an inference process.Zhi-Wei LiWei Ji MaPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Computational Biology, Vol 17, Iss 8, p e1009190 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Zhi-Wei Li Wei Ji Ma An uncertainty-based model of the effects of fixation on choice.
description	When people view a consumable item for a longer amount of time, they choose it more frequently; this also seems to be the direction of causality. The leading model of this effect is a drift-diffusion model with a fixation-based attentional bias. Here, we propose an explicitly Bayesian account for the same data. This account is based on the notion that the brain builds a posterior belief over the value of an item in the same way it would over a sensory variable. As the agent gathers evidence about the item from sensory observations and from retrieved memories, the posterior distribution narrows. We further postulate that the utility of an item is a weighted sum of the posterior mean and the negative posterior standard deviation, with the latter accounting for risk aversion. Fixating for longer can increase or decrease the posterior mean, but will inevitably lower the posterior standard deviation. This model fits the data better than the original attentional drift-diffusion model but worse than a variant with a collapsing bound. We discuss the often overlooked technical challenges in fitting models simultaneously to choice and response time data in the absence of an analytical expression. Our results hopefully contribute to emerging accounts of valuation as an inference process.
format	article
author	Zhi-Wei Li Wei Ji Ma
author_facet	Zhi-Wei Li Wei Ji Ma
author_sort	Zhi-Wei Li
title	An uncertainty-based model of the effects of fixation on choice.
title_short	An uncertainty-based model of the effects of fixation on choice.
title_full	An uncertainty-based model of the effects of fixation on choice.
title_fullStr	An uncertainty-based model of the effects of fixation on choice.
title_full_unstemmed	An uncertainty-based model of the effects of fixation on choice.
title_sort	uncertainty-based model of the effects of fixation on choice.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3c18a09a142b47dea193cd2266e32745
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_version_	1718375772002975744

An uncertainty-based model of the effects of fixation on choice.

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