Reversed and increased functional connectivity in non-REM sleep suggests an altered rather than reduced state of consciousness relative to wake

Abstract Sleep resting state network (RSN) functional connectivity (FC) is poorly understood, particularly for rapid eye movement (REM), and in non-sleep deprived subjects. REM and non-REM (NREM) sleep involve competing drives; towards hypersynchronous cortical oscillations in NREM; and towards wake...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Evan Houldin, Zhuo Fang, Laura B. Ray, Bobby Stojanoski, Adrian M. Owen, Stuart M. Fogel
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3c494a7b6c274822b80d1836e465ca52
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:3c494a7b6c274822b80d1836e465ca52
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3c494a7b6c274822b80d1836e465ca522021-12-02T17:34:31ZReversed and increased functional connectivity in non-REM sleep suggests an altered rather than reduced state of consciousness relative to wake10.1038/s41598-021-91211-52045-2322https://doaj.org/article/3c494a7b6c274822b80d1836e465ca522021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-91211-5https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Sleep resting state network (RSN) functional connectivity (FC) is poorly understood, particularly for rapid eye movement (REM), and in non-sleep deprived subjects. REM and non-REM (NREM) sleep involve competing drives; towards hypersynchronous cortical oscillations in NREM; and towards wake-like desynchronized oscillations in REM. This study employed simultaneous electroencephalography-functional magnetic resonance imaging (EEG-fMRI) to explore whether sleep RSN FC reflects these opposing drives. As hypothesized, this was confirmed for the majority of functional connections modulated by sleep. Further, changes were directional: e.g., positive wake correlations trended towards negative correlations in NREM and back towards positive correlations in REM. Moreover, the majority did not merely reduce magnitude, but actually either reversed and strengthened in the opposite direction, or increased in magnitude during NREM. This finding supports the notion that NREM is best expressed as having altered, rather than reduced FC. Further, as many of these functional connections comprised “higher-order” RSNs (which have been previously linked to cognition and consciousness), such as the default mode network, this finding is suggestive of possibly concomitant alterations to cognition and consciousness.Evan HouldinZhuo FangLaura B. RayBobby StojanoskiAdrian M. OwenStuart M. FogelNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Evan Houldin Zhuo Fang Laura B. Ray Bobby Stojanoski Adrian M. Owen Stuart M. Fogel Reversed and increased functional connectivity in non-REM sleep suggests an altered rather than reduced state of consciousness relative to wake
description	Abstract Sleep resting state network (RSN) functional connectivity (FC) is poorly understood, particularly for rapid eye movement (REM), and in non-sleep deprived subjects. REM and non-REM (NREM) sleep involve competing drives; towards hypersynchronous cortical oscillations in NREM; and towards wake-like desynchronized oscillations in REM. This study employed simultaneous electroencephalography-functional magnetic resonance imaging (EEG-fMRI) to explore whether sleep RSN FC reflects these opposing drives. As hypothesized, this was confirmed for the majority of functional connections modulated by sleep. Further, changes were directional: e.g., positive wake correlations trended towards negative correlations in NREM and back towards positive correlations in REM. Moreover, the majority did not merely reduce magnitude, but actually either reversed and strengthened in the opposite direction, or increased in magnitude during NREM. This finding supports the notion that NREM is best expressed as having altered, rather than reduced FC. Further, as many of these functional connections comprised “higher-order” RSNs (which have been previously linked to cognition and consciousness), such as the default mode network, this finding is suggestive of possibly concomitant alterations to cognition and consciousness.
format	article
author	Evan Houldin Zhuo Fang Laura B. Ray Bobby Stojanoski Adrian M. Owen Stuart M. Fogel
author_facet	Evan Houldin Zhuo Fang Laura B. Ray Bobby Stojanoski Adrian M. Owen Stuart M. Fogel
author_sort	Evan Houldin
title	Reversed and increased functional connectivity in non-REM sleep suggests an altered rather than reduced state of consciousness relative to wake
title_short	Reversed and increased functional connectivity in non-REM sleep suggests an altered rather than reduced state of consciousness relative to wake
title_full	Reversed and increased functional connectivity in non-REM sleep suggests an altered rather than reduced state of consciousness relative to wake
title_fullStr	Reversed and increased functional connectivity in non-REM sleep suggests an altered rather than reduced state of consciousness relative to wake
title_full_unstemmed	Reversed and increased functional connectivity in non-REM sleep suggests an altered rather than reduced state of consciousness relative to wake
title_sort	reversed and increased functional connectivity in non-rem sleep suggests an altered rather than reduced state of consciousness relative to wake
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3c494a7b6c274822b80d1836e465ca52
work_keys_str_mv	AT evanhouldin reversedandincreasedfunctionalconnectivityinnonremsleepsuggestsanalteredratherthanreducedstateofconsciousnessrelativetowake AT zhuofang reversedandincreasedfunctionalconnectivityinnonremsleepsuggestsanalteredratherthanreducedstateofconsciousnessrelativetowake AT laurabray reversedandincreasedfunctionalconnectivityinnonremsleepsuggestsanalteredratherthanreducedstateofconsciousnessrelativetowake AT bobbystojanoski reversedandincreasedfunctionalconnectivityinnonremsleepsuggestsanalteredratherthanreducedstateofconsciousnessrelativetowake AT adrianmowen reversedandincreasedfunctionalconnectivityinnonremsleepsuggestsanalteredratherthanreducedstateofconsciousnessrelativetowake AT stuartmfogel reversedandincreasedfunctionalconnectivityinnonremsleepsuggestsanalteredratherthanreducedstateofconsciousnessrelativetowake
_version_	1718379934395662336

Reversed and increased functional connectivity in non-REM sleep suggests an altered rather than reduced state of consciousness relative to wake

Ejemplares similares