Different individual-level responses of great black-backed gulls (Larus marinus) to shifting local prey availability.

To grow, survive and reproduce under anthropogenic-induced changes, individuals must respond quickly and favourably to the surrounding environment. A species that feeds on a wide variety of prey types (i.e. generalist diet) may be comprised of generalist individuals, specialist individuals that feed...

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Autores principales:	Laurie D Maynard, Julia Gulka, Edward Jenkins, Gail K Davoren
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3c81986eea51495cab45acf837dee646
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3c81986eea51495cab45acf837dee6462021-12-02T20:13:37ZDifferent individual-level responses of great black-backed gulls (Larus marinus) to shifting local prey availability.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0252561https://doaj.org/article/3c81986eea51495cab45acf837dee6462021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252561https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203To grow, survive and reproduce under anthropogenic-induced changes, individuals must respond quickly and favourably to the surrounding environment. A species that feeds on a wide variety of prey types (i.e. generalist diet) may be comprised of generalist individuals, specialist individuals that feed on different prey types, or a combination of the two. If individuals within a population respond differently to an environmental change, population-level responses may not be detectable. By tracking foraging movements of great black-backed gulls (Larus marinus), a generalist species, we compared group-level and individual-level responses to an increase in prey biomass (capelin; Mallotus villosus) during the breeding season in coastal Newfoundland, Canada. As hypothesized, shifts in prey availability resulted in significantly different individual responses in foraging behaviour and space use, which was not detectable when data from individuals were combined. Some individuals maintained similar foraging areas, foraging trip characteristics (e.g., trip length, duration) and habitat use with increased capelin availability, while others shifted foraging areas and habitats resulting in either increased or decreased trip characteristics. We show that individual specialization can be non-contextual in some gulls, whereby these individuals continuously use the same feeding strategy despite significant change in prey availability conditions. Findings also indicate high response diversity among individuals to shifting prey conditions that a population- or group-level study would not have detected, emphasizing the importance of examining individual-level strategies for future diet and foraging studies on generalist species.Laurie D MaynardJulia GulkaEdward JenkinsGail K DavorenPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 10, p e0252561 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Laurie D Maynard Julia Gulka Edward Jenkins Gail K Davoren Different individual-level responses of great black-backed gulls (Larus marinus) to shifting local prey availability.
description	To grow, survive and reproduce under anthropogenic-induced changes, individuals must respond quickly and favourably to the surrounding environment. A species that feeds on a wide variety of prey types (i.e. generalist diet) may be comprised of generalist individuals, specialist individuals that feed on different prey types, or a combination of the two. If individuals within a population respond differently to an environmental change, population-level responses may not be detectable. By tracking foraging movements of great black-backed gulls (Larus marinus), a generalist species, we compared group-level and individual-level responses to an increase in prey biomass (capelin; Mallotus villosus) during the breeding season in coastal Newfoundland, Canada. As hypothesized, shifts in prey availability resulted in significantly different individual responses in foraging behaviour and space use, which was not detectable when data from individuals were combined. Some individuals maintained similar foraging areas, foraging trip characteristics (e.g., trip length, duration) and habitat use with increased capelin availability, while others shifted foraging areas and habitats resulting in either increased or decreased trip characteristics. We show that individual specialization can be non-contextual in some gulls, whereby these individuals continuously use the same feeding strategy despite significant change in prey availability conditions. Findings also indicate high response diversity among individuals to shifting prey conditions that a population- or group-level study would not have detected, emphasizing the importance of examining individual-level strategies for future diet and foraging studies on generalist species.
format	article
author	Laurie D Maynard Julia Gulka Edward Jenkins Gail K Davoren
author_facet	Laurie D Maynard Julia Gulka Edward Jenkins Gail K Davoren
author_sort	Laurie D Maynard
title	Different individual-level responses of great black-backed gulls (Larus marinus) to shifting local prey availability.
title_short	Different individual-level responses of great black-backed gulls (Larus marinus) to shifting local prey availability.
title_full	Different individual-level responses of great black-backed gulls (Larus marinus) to shifting local prey availability.
title_fullStr	Different individual-level responses of great black-backed gulls (Larus marinus) to shifting local prey availability.
title_full_unstemmed	Different individual-level responses of great black-backed gulls (Larus marinus) to shifting local prey availability.
title_sort	different individual-level responses of great black-backed gulls (larus marinus) to shifting local prey availability.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3c81986eea51495cab45acf837dee646
work_keys_str_mv	AT lauriedmaynard differentindividuallevelresponsesofgreatblackbackedgullslarusmarinustoshiftinglocalpreyavailability AT juliagulka differentindividuallevelresponsesofgreatblackbackedgullslarusmarinustoshiftinglocalpreyavailability AT edwardjenkins differentindividuallevelresponsesofgreatblackbackedgullslarusmarinustoshiftinglocalpreyavailability AT gailkdavoren differentindividuallevelresponsesofgreatblackbackedgullslarusmarinustoshiftinglocalpreyavailability
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Different individual-level responses of great black-backed gulls (Larus marinus) to shifting local prey availability.

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