Lifetime Major Discrimination Experiences Moderate the Impact of Depressive Symptoms on Chronic Conditions among Black Americans

To clarify the ways in which Black Americans’ experiences of structural racism may influence their mental and physical health in distinct ways, the present study evaluated whether major discrimination moderates the association between depressive symptoms and chronic physical health conditions among...

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Autores principales:	Kia Skrine Jeffers, Quenette L. Walton, Millicent N. Robinson, Courtney S. Thomas Tobin
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	lifetime major discrimination depressive symptoms chronic conditions Black Americans structural racism depression Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3c9d0353a3ab49818d8963199e2f1eff
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3c9d0353a3ab49818d8963199e2f1eff2021-11-25T17:45:35ZLifetime Major Discrimination Experiences Moderate the Impact of Depressive Symptoms on Chronic Conditions among Black Americans10.3390/healthcare91115282227-9032https://doaj.org/article/3c9d0353a3ab49818d8963199e2f1eff2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/9/11/1528https://doaj.org/toc/2227-9032To clarify the ways in which Black Americans’ experiences of structural racism may influence their mental and physical health in distinct ways, the present study evaluated whether major discrimination moderates the association between depressive symptoms and chronic physical health conditions among this population. <i>t</i>-tests and chi-squared tests of significance were used to determine significant differences between women and men. The association between major discrimination and depressive symptoms was examined by assessing mean depressive symptoms scores across levels of major discrimination. ANOVA tests indicated whether there were significant differences in symptom scores across each discrimination category. Additional <i>t</i>-tests determined significant gender differences within each level of discrimination. Gender-stratified negative binomial models were used, and odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated for the relationship between depressive symptoms, major discrimination, and chronic conditions. Our findings indicated that the association between depressive symptoms and chronic conditions depends on lifetime experiences of major discrimination among Black Americans and varies significantly between women and men. Considering that major discrimination conditioned the depressive symptom-chronic conditions association among our sample, this provides insight into potential pathways for intervention in efforts to offset the detrimental mental and physical consequences of experiencing racism.Kia Skrine JeffersQuenette L. WaltonMillicent N. RobinsonCourtney S. Thomas TobinMDPI AGarticlelifetime major discriminationdepressive symptomschronic conditionsBlack Americansstructural racismdepressionMedicineRENHealthcare, Vol 9, Iss 1528, p 1528 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	lifetime major discrimination depressive symptoms chronic conditions Black Americans structural racism depression Medicine R
spellingShingle	lifetime major discrimination depressive symptoms chronic conditions Black Americans structural racism depression Medicine R Kia Skrine Jeffers Quenette L. Walton Millicent N. Robinson Courtney S. Thomas Tobin Lifetime Major Discrimination Experiences Moderate the Impact of Depressive Symptoms on Chronic Conditions among Black Americans
description	To clarify the ways in which Black Americans’ experiences of structural racism may influence their mental and physical health in distinct ways, the present study evaluated whether major discrimination moderates the association between depressive symptoms and chronic physical health conditions among this population. <i>t</i>-tests and chi-squared tests of significance were used to determine significant differences between women and men. The association between major discrimination and depressive symptoms was examined by assessing mean depressive symptoms scores across levels of major discrimination. ANOVA tests indicated whether there were significant differences in symptom scores across each discrimination category. Additional <i>t</i>-tests determined significant gender differences within each level of discrimination. Gender-stratified negative binomial models were used, and odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated for the relationship between depressive symptoms, major discrimination, and chronic conditions. Our findings indicated that the association between depressive symptoms and chronic conditions depends on lifetime experiences of major discrimination among Black Americans and varies significantly between women and men. Considering that major discrimination conditioned the depressive symptom-chronic conditions association among our sample, this provides insight into potential pathways for intervention in efforts to offset the detrimental mental and physical consequences of experiencing racism.
format	article
author	Kia Skrine Jeffers Quenette L. Walton Millicent N. Robinson Courtney S. Thomas Tobin
author_facet	Kia Skrine Jeffers Quenette L. Walton Millicent N. Robinson Courtney S. Thomas Tobin
author_sort	Kia Skrine Jeffers
title	Lifetime Major Discrimination Experiences Moderate the Impact of Depressive Symptoms on Chronic Conditions among Black Americans
title_short	Lifetime Major Discrimination Experiences Moderate the Impact of Depressive Symptoms on Chronic Conditions among Black Americans
title_full	Lifetime Major Discrimination Experiences Moderate the Impact of Depressive Symptoms on Chronic Conditions among Black Americans
title_fullStr	Lifetime Major Discrimination Experiences Moderate the Impact of Depressive Symptoms on Chronic Conditions among Black Americans
title_full_unstemmed	Lifetime Major Discrimination Experiences Moderate the Impact of Depressive Symptoms on Chronic Conditions among Black Americans
title_sort	lifetime major discrimination experiences moderate the impact of depressive symptoms on chronic conditions among black americans
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3c9d0353a3ab49818d8963199e2f1eff
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Lifetime Major Discrimination Experiences Moderate the Impact of Depressive Symptoms on Chronic Conditions among Black Americans

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