The Role of Wnt Signaling in Postnatal Tooth Root Development

Appropriate tooth root formation and tooth eruption are critical for achieving and maintaining good oral health and quality of life. Tooth eruption is the process through which teeth emerge from their intraosseous position to their functional position in the oral cavity. This temporospatial process...

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Autores principales:	Nicha Tokavanich, Marc N. Wein, Jeryl D. English, Noriaki Ono, Wanida Ono
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	Wnt signaling pathway tooth eruption tooth root formation tooth development Dentistry RK1-715
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3d0f434ae7b144ebb2bf19161a618499
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3d0f434ae7b144ebb2bf19161a6184992021-11-12T04:41:16ZThe Role of Wnt Signaling in Postnatal Tooth Root Development2673-491510.3389/fdmed.2021.769134https://doaj.org/article/3d0f434ae7b144ebb2bf19161a6184992021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fdmed.2021.769134/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2673-4915Appropriate tooth root formation and tooth eruption are critical for achieving and maintaining good oral health and quality of life. Tooth eruption is the process through which teeth emerge from their intraosseous position to their functional position in the oral cavity. This temporospatial process occurs simultaneously with tooth root formation through a cascade of interactions between the epithelial and adjoining mesenchymal cells. Here, we will review the role of the Wnt system in postnatal tooth root development. This signaling pathway orchestrates the process of tooth root formation and tooth eruption in conjunction with several other major signaling pathways. The Wnt signaling pathway is comprised of the canonical, or Wnt/β-catenin, and the non-Canonical signaling pathway. The expression of multiple Wnt ligands and their downstream transcription factors including β-catenin is found in the cells in the epithelia and mesenchyme starting from the initiation stage of tooth development. The inhibition of canonical Wnt signaling in an early stage arrests odontogenesis. Wnt transcription factors continue to be present in dental follicle cells, the progenitor cells responsible for differentiation into cells constituting the tooth root and the periodontal tissue apparatus. This expression occurs concurrently with osteogenesis and cementogenesis. The conditional ablation of β-catenin in osteoblast and odontoblast causes the malformation of the root dentin and cementum. On the contrary, the overexpression of β-catenin led to shorter molar roots with thin and hypo-mineralized dentin, along with the failure of tooth eruption. Therefore, the proper expression of Wnt signaling during dental development is crucial for regulating the proliferation, differentiation, as well as epithelial-mesenchymal interaction essential for tooth root formation and tooth eruption.Nicha TokavanichNicha TokavanichMarc N. WeinJeryl D. EnglishNoriaki OnoWanida OnoFrontiers Media S.A.articleWntsignaling pathwaytooth eruptiontooth root formationtooth developmentDentistryRK1-715ENFrontiers in Dental Medicine, Vol 2 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Wnt signaling pathway tooth eruption tooth root formation tooth development Dentistry RK1-715
spellingShingle	Wnt signaling pathway tooth eruption tooth root formation tooth development Dentistry RK1-715 Nicha Tokavanich Nicha Tokavanich Marc N. Wein Jeryl D. English Noriaki Ono Wanida Ono The Role of Wnt Signaling in Postnatal Tooth Root Development
description	Appropriate tooth root formation and tooth eruption are critical for achieving and maintaining good oral health and quality of life. Tooth eruption is the process through which teeth emerge from their intraosseous position to their functional position in the oral cavity. This temporospatial process occurs simultaneously with tooth root formation through a cascade of interactions between the epithelial and adjoining mesenchymal cells. Here, we will review the role of the Wnt system in postnatal tooth root development. This signaling pathway orchestrates the process of tooth root formation and tooth eruption in conjunction with several other major signaling pathways. The Wnt signaling pathway is comprised of the canonical, or Wnt/β-catenin, and the non-Canonical signaling pathway. The expression of multiple Wnt ligands and their downstream transcription factors including β-catenin is found in the cells in the epithelia and mesenchyme starting from the initiation stage of tooth development. The inhibition of canonical Wnt signaling in an early stage arrests odontogenesis. Wnt transcription factors continue to be present in dental follicle cells, the progenitor cells responsible for differentiation into cells constituting the tooth root and the periodontal tissue apparatus. This expression occurs concurrently with osteogenesis and cementogenesis. The conditional ablation of β-catenin in osteoblast and odontoblast causes the malformation of the root dentin and cementum. On the contrary, the overexpression of β-catenin led to shorter molar roots with thin and hypo-mineralized dentin, along with the failure of tooth eruption. Therefore, the proper expression of Wnt signaling during dental development is crucial for regulating the proliferation, differentiation, as well as epithelial-mesenchymal interaction essential for tooth root formation and tooth eruption.
format	article
author	Nicha Tokavanich Nicha Tokavanich Marc N. Wein Jeryl D. English Noriaki Ono Wanida Ono
author_facet	Nicha Tokavanich Nicha Tokavanich Marc N. Wein Jeryl D. English Noriaki Ono Wanida Ono
author_sort	Nicha Tokavanich
title	The Role of Wnt Signaling in Postnatal Tooth Root Development
title_short	The Role of Wnt Signaling in Postnatal Tooth Root Development
title_full	The Role of Wnt Signaling in Postnatal Tooth Root Development
title_fullStr	The Role of Wnt Signaling in Postnatal Tooth Root Development
title_full_unstemmed	The Role of Wnt Signaling in Postnatal Tooth Root Development
title_sort	role of wnt signaling in postnatal tooth root development
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3d0f434ae7b144ebb2bf19161a618499
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The Role of Wnt Signaling in Postnatal Tooth Root Development

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