Morpho-Histology, Endogenous Hormone Dynamics, and Transcriptome Profiling in Dacrydium Pectinatum during Male Cone Development
<i>Dacrydium pectinatum</i> de Laubenfels is a perennial gymnosperm species dominant in tropical montane rain forests. Due to severe damages by excessive deforestation, typhoons, and other external forces, the population of the species has been significantly reduced. Furthermore, its nat...
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2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:3d150a7dd2b04baf9d7bf8c39af246812021-11-25T17:39:22ZMorpho-Histology, Endogenous Hormone Dynamics, and Transcriptome Profiling in Dacrydium Pectinatum during Male Cone Development10.3390/f121115981999-4907https://doaj.org/article/3d150a7dd2b04baf9d7bf8c39af246812021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/12/11/1598https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4907<i>Dacrydium pectinatum</i> de Laubenfels is a perennial gymnosperm species dominant in tropical montane rain forests. Due to severe damages by excessive deforestation, typhoons, and other external forces, the population of the species has been significantly reduced. Furthermore, its natural regeneration is poor. To better understand the male cone development in <i>D. pectinatum</i>, we examined the morphological and anatomical changes, analyzed the endogenous hormone dynamics, and profiled gene expression. The morpho-histological observations suggest that the development of <i>D. pectinatum</i> male cone can be largely divided into four stages: microspore primordium formation (April to May), microspore sac and pollen mother cell formation (July to November), pollen mother cell division (January), and pollen grain formation (February). The levels of gibberellins (GA), auxin (IAA), abscisic Acid (ABA), cytokinin (CTK), and jasmonic acid (JA) fluctuated during the process of male cone development. The first transcriptome database for a <i>Dacrydium</i> species was generated, revealing >70,000 unigene sequences. Differential expression analyses revealed several floral and hormone biosynthesis and signal transduction genes that could be critical for male cone development. Our study provides new insights on the cone development in <i>D. pectinatum</i> and the foundation for male cone induction with hormones and studies of factors contributing to the species’ low rate of seed germination.Wenju LuEnbo WangWeijuan ZhouYifan LiZhaoji LiXiqiang SongJian WangMingxun RenDonghua YangShaojie HuoYing ZhaoHaiying LiangMDPI AGarticleconifergene expressionintrinsic hormonephenologyRNA sequencingreproductive developmentPlant ecologyQK900-989ENForests, Vol 12, Iss 1598, p 1598 (2021) |
| institution |
DOAJ |
| collection |
DOAJ |
| language |
EN |
| topic |
conifer gene expression intrinsic hormone phenology RNA sequencing reproductive development Plant ecology QK900-989 |
| spellingShingle |
conifer gene expression intrinsic hormone phenology RNA sequencing reproductive development Plant ecology QK900-989 Wenju Lu Enbo Wang Weijuan Zhou Yifan Li Zhaoji Li Xiqiang Song Jian Wang Mingxun Ren Donghua Yang Shaojie Huo Ying Zhao Haiying Liang Morpho-Histology, Endogenous Hormone Dynamics, and Transcriptome Profiling in Dacrydium Pectinatum during Male Cone Development |
| description |
<i>Dacrydium pectinatum</i> de Laubenfels is a perennial gymnosperm species dominant in tropical montane rain forests. Due to severe damages by excessive deforestation, typhoons, and other external forces, the population of the species has been significantly reduced. Furthermore, its natural regeneration is poor. To better understand the male cone development in <i>D. pectinatum</i>, we examined the morphological and anatomical changes, analyzed the endogenous hormone dynamics, and profiled gene expression. The morpho-histological observations suggest that the development of <i>D. pectinatum</i> male cone can be largely divided into four stages: microspore primordium formation (April to May), microspore sac and pollen mother cell formation (July to November), pollen mother cell division (January), and pollen grain formation (February). The levels of gibberellins (GA), auxin (IAA), abscisic Acid (ABA), cytokinin (CTK), and jasmonic acid (JA) fluctuated during the process of male cone development. The first transcriptome database for a <i>Dacrydium</i> species was generated, revealing >70,000 unigene sequences. Differential expression analyses revealed several floral and hormone biosynthesis and signal transduction genes that could be critical for male cone development. Our study provides new insights on the cone development in <i>D. pectinatum</i> and the foundation for male cone induction with hormones and studies of factors contributing to the species’ low rate of seed germination. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Wenju Lu Enbo Wang Weijuan Zhou Yifan Li Zhaoji Li Xiqiang Song Jian Wang Mingxun Ren Donghua Yang Shaojie Huo Ying Zhao Haiying Liang |
| author_facet |
Wenju Lu Enbo Wang Weijuan Zhou Yifan Li Zhaoji Li Xiqiang Song Jian Wang Mingxun Ren Donghua Yang Shaojie Huo Ying Zhao Haiying Liang |
| author_sort |
Wenju Lu |
| title |
Morpho-Histology, Endogenous Hormone Dynamics, and Transcriptome Profiling in Dacrydium Pectinatum during Male Cone Development |
| title_short |
Morpho-Histology, Endogenous Hormone Dynamics, and Transcriptome Profiling in Dacrydium Pectinatum during Male Cone Development |
| title_full |
Morpho-Histology, Endogenous Hormone Dynamics, and Transcriptome Profiling in Dacrydium Pectinatum during Male Cone Development |
| title_fullStr |
Morpho-Histology, Endogenous Hormone Dynamics, and Transcriptome Profiling in Dacrydium Pectinatum during Male Cone Development |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Morpho-Histology, Endogenous Hormone Dynamics, and Transcriptome Profiling in Dacrydium Pectinatum during Male Cone Development |
| title_sort |
morpho-histology, endogenous hormone dynamics, and transcriptome profiling in dacrydium pectinatum during male cone development |
| publisher |
MDPI AG |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/3d150a7dd2b04baf9d7bf8c39af24681 |
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