Landmark Data to Distinguish and Identify Morphologically Close Tabanus spp. (Diptera: Tabanidae)

Tabanus spp., also known as horse flies (Diptera: Tabanidae), are important vectors of several animal pathogens. Adult females of Tabanus megalops and Tabanus striatus, which are members of the T. striatus...

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Autores principales:	Tanasak Changbunjong, Nutnicha Prakaikowit, Photchanun Maneephan, Tipparat Kaewwiset, Thekhawet Weluwanarak, Tanawat Chaiphongpachara, Jean-Pierre Dujardin
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	geometric morphometrics horse flies <i>Tabanus megalops</i> <i>Tabanus rubidus</i> <i>Tabanus striatus</i> vector Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3d8f4e82df86472eaff1627b449eff20
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3d8f4e82df86472eaff1627b449eff202021-11-25T17:59:12ZLandmark Data to Distinguish and Identify Morphologically Close <i>Tabanus</i> spp. (Diptera: Tabanidae)10.3390/insects121109742075-4450https://doaj.org/article/3d8f4e82df86472eaff1627b449eff202021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/12/11/974https://doaj.org/toc/2075-4450<i>Tabanus</i> spp., also known as horse flies (Diptera: Tabanidae), are important vectors of several animal pathogens. Adult females of <i>Tabanus</i> <i>megalops</i> and <i>Tabanus striatus</i>, which are members of the <i>T. striatus</i> complex, are morphologically similar and hence difficult to distinguish using morphological characteristics. In addition, molecular identification by DNA barcoding is also unable to distinguish these species. These two species can occur sympatrically with <i>Tabanus rubidus</i>, which is morphologically similar to <i>T. megalops</i> and <i>T. striatus</i>. Wing geometric morphometrics has been widely used in various insects to distinguish morphologically similar species. This study explored the effectiveness of landmark-based geometrics at distinguishing and identifying <i>T. megalops</i>, <i>T. rubidus</i>, and <i>T. striatus</i> in Thailand. Specimens were collected from different geographical regions of Thailand, and only unambiguously identified specimens were used for geometric morphometric analyses. Left wings of females of <i>T. megalops</i> (n = 160), <i>T. rubidus</i> (n = 165), and <i>T. striatus</i> (n = 85) were photographed, and 22 wing landmarks were used for the analysis. Wing shape was able to distinguish among species with high accuracy scores, ranging from 94.38% to 99.39%. We showed that morphologically very close species of <i>Tabanus</i> can be reliably distinguished by the geometry of their wing venation, and we showed how our experimental material could be used as a reference to tentatively identify new field collected specimens.Tanasak ChangbunjongNutnicha PrakaikowitPhotchanun ManeephanTipparat KaewwisetThekhawet WeluwanarakTanawat ChaiphongpacharaJean-Pierre DujardinMDPI AGarticlegeometric morphometricshorse flies<i>Tabanus megalops</i><i>Tabanus rubidus</i><i>Tabanus striatus</i>vectorScienceQENInsects, Vol 12, Iss 974, p 974 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	geometric morphometrics horse flies <i>Tabanus megalops</i> <i>Tabanus rubidus</i> <i>Tabanus striatus</i> vector Science Q
spellingShingle	geometric morphometrics horse flies <i>Tabanus megalops</i> <i>Tabanus rubidus</i> <i>Tabanus striatus</i> vector Science Q Tanasak Changbunjong Nutnicha Prakaikowit Photchanun Maneephan Tipparat Kaewwiset Thekhawet Weluwanarak Tanawat Chaiphongpachara Jean-Pierre Dujardin Landmark Data to Distinguish and Identify Morphologically Close <i>Tabanus</i> spp. (Diptera: Tabanidae)
description	<i>Tabanus</i> spp., also known as horse flies (Diptera: Tabanidae), are important vectors of several animal pathogens. Adult females of <i>Tabanus</i> <i>megalops</i> and <i>Tabanus striatus</i>, which are members of the <i>T. striatus</i> complex, are morphologically similar and hence difficult to distinguish using morphological characteristics. In addition, molecular identification by DNA barcoding is also unable to distinguish these species. These two species can occur sympatrically with <i>Tabanus rubidus</i>, which is morphologically similar to <i>T. megalops</i> and <i>T. striatus</i>. Wing geometric morphometrics has been widely used in various insects to distinguish morphologically similar species. This study explored the effectiveness of landmark-based geometrics at distinguishing and identifying <i>T. megalops</i>, <i>T. rubidus</i>, and <i>T. striatus</i> in Thailand. Specimens were collected from different geographical regions of Thailand, and only unambiguously identified specimens were used for geometric morphometric analyses. Left wings of females of <i>T. megalops</i> (n = 160), <i>T. rubidus</i> (n = 165), and <i>T. striatus</i> (n = 85) were photographed, and 22 wing landmarks were used for the analysis. Wing shape was able to distinguish among species with high accuracy scores, ranging from 94.38% to 99.39%. We showed that morphologically very close species of <i>Tabanus</i> can be reliably distinguished by the geometry of their wing venation, and we showed how our experimental material could be used as a reference to tentatively identify new field collected specimens.
format	article
author	Tanasak Changbunjong Nutnicha Prakaikowit Photchanun Maneephan Tipparat Kaewwiset Thekhawet Weluwanarak Tanawat Chaiphongpachara Jean-Pierre Dujardin
author_facet	Tanasak Changbunjong Nutnicha Prakaikowit Photchanun Maneephan Tipparat Kaewwiset Thekhawet Weluwanarak Tanawat Chaiphongpachara Jean-Pierre Dujardin
author_sort	Tanasak Changbunjong
title	Landmark Data to Distinguish and Identify Morphologically Close <i>Tabanus</i> spp. (Diptera: Tabanidae)
title_short	Landmark Data to Distinguish and Identify Morphologically Close <i>Tabanus</i> spp. (Diptera: Tabanidae)
title_full	Landmark Data to Distinguish and Identify Morphologically Close <i>Tabanus</i> spp. (Diptera: Tabanidae)
title_fullStr	Landmark Data to Distinguish and Identify Morphologically Close <i>Tabanus</i> spp. (Diptera: Tabanidae)
title_full_unstemmed	Landmark Data to Distinguish and Identify Morphologically Close <i>Tabanus</i> spp. (Diptera: Tabanidae)
title_sort	landmark data to distinguish and identify morphologically close <i>tabanus</i> spp. (diptera: tabanidae)
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3d8f4e82df86472eaff1627b449eff20
work_keys_str_mv	AT tanasakchangbunjong landmarkdatatodistinguishandidentifymorphologicallycloseitabanusisppdipteratabanidae AT nutnichaprakaikowit landmarkdatatodistinguishandidentifymorphologicallycloseitabanusisppdipteratabanidae AT photchanunmaneephan landmarkdatatodistinguishandidentifymorphologicallycloseitabanusisppdipteratabanidae AT tipparatkaewwiset landmarkdatatodistinguishandidentifymorphologicallycloseitabanusisppdipteratabanidae AT thekhawetweluwanarak landmarkdatatodistinguishandidentifymorphologicallycloseitabanusisppdipteratabanidae AT tanawatchaiphongpachara landmarkdatatodistinguishandidentifymorphologicallycloseitabanusisppdipteratabanidae AT jeanpierredujardin landmarkdatatodistinguishandidentifymorphologicallycloseitabanusisppdipteratabanidae
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Landmark Data to Distinguish and Identify Morphologically Close <i>Tabanus</i> spp. (Diptera: Tabanidae)

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