Situation of Occupational and Environmental Health in Mexico

Background: Mexico has a great diversity and richness of natural resources, but evaluations of the quality of life of Mexicans show the deep inequalities and the gap between rich and poor. While 5% of families concentrate 58% of the wealth, the health spending in environment and health is 0.2 and 2....

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Autores principales:	Martha Edilia Palacios Nava, Ana Rosa Moreno Sánchez, María del Pilar Paz Román, Juan José García García, Rodolfo Nava Hernández
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Ubiquity Press 2018
Materias:	Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3dcff69436624ba2a68d5eba7e07ee27
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3dcff69436624ba2a68d5eba7e07ee272021-12-02T07:41:16ZSituation of Occupational and Environmental Health in Mexico2214-999610.29024/aogh.2317https://doaj.org/article/3dcff69436624ba2a68d5eba7e07ee272018-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://annalsofglobalhealth.org/articles/2317https://doaj.org/toc/2214-9996Background: Mexico has a great diversity and richness of natural resources, but evaluations of the quality of life of Mexicans show the deep inequalities and the gap between rich and poor. While 5% of families concentrate 58% of the wealth, the health spending in environment and health is 0.2 and 2.7 of the GDP respectively. This has repercussions both on the gradual deterioration of the environment and on the insufficient health and social security coverage of the working population. Objective: To describe the current situation of occupational and environmental health in Mexico. Methods: A bibliographic review was performed on the socioeconomic, demographic, environmental, legal and health status of the Economically Active Population (EAP). Findings: There is a constant deterioration of terrestrial and marine ecosystems, accompanied by an increase in environmental pollution in large cities. The unemployment rate of the EAP has decreased in one year to 3.4%, but the informal labor rate reached 57.3%, which translates into population without social security. Compliance with legislation for the protection of workers’ health is insufficient. The recent amendments to the law have meant a setback in these respects. The reported information on accidents and occupational diseases corresponds to only 34% of workers. There has been a decrease in the rate of work accidents in the last six years, but an increase in diseases and permanent disabilities. During 2016, the first cause of occupational illness was hearing loss, but the profile was dominated by musculoskeletal diseases, which together reached 36.5%. Conclusions: To improve the occupational and environmental health situation, it is necessary to implement general and particular measures against inequalities, increase the budget in health and environment, enforce legislation and expand social security coverage to the population. These measures should be part of public policies as well as actions of academics and researchers.Martha Edilia Palacios NavaAna Rosa Moreno SánchezMaría del Pilar Paz RománJuan José García GarcíaRodolfo Nava HernándezUbiquity PressarticleInfectious and parasitic diseasesRC109-216Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENAnnals of Global Health, Vol 84, Iss 3, Pp 348-359 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Martha Edilia Palacios Nava Ana Rosa Moreno Sánchez María del Pilar Paz Román Juan José García García Rodolfo Nava Hernández Situation of Occupational and Environmental Health in Mexico
description	Background: Mexico has a great diversity and richness of natural resources, but evaluations of the quality of life of Mexicans show the deep inequalities and the gap between rich and poor. While 5% of families concentrate 58% of the wealth, the health spending in environment and health is 0.2 and 2.7 of the GDP respectively. This has repercussions both on the gradual deterioration of the environment and on the insufficient health and social security coverage of the working population. Objective: To describe the current situation of occupational and environmental health in Mexico. Methods: A bibliographic review was performed on the socioeconomic, demographic, environmental, legal and health status of the Economically Active Population (EAP). Findings: There is a constant deterioration of terrestrial and marine ecosystems, accompanied by an increase in environmental pollution in large cities. The unemployment rate of the EAP has decreased in one year to 3.4%, but the informal labor rate reached 57.3%, which translates into population without social security. Compliance with legislation for the protection of workers’ health is insufficient. The recent amendments to the law have meant a setback in these respects. The reported information on accidents and occupational diseases corresponds to only 34% of workers. There has been a decrease in the rate of work accidents in the last six years, but an increase in diseases and permanent disabilities. During 2016, the first cause of occupational illness was hearing loss, but the profile was dominated by musculoskeletal diseases, which together reached 36.5%. Conclusions: To improve the occupational and environmental health situation, it is necessary to implement general and particular measures against inequalities, increase the budget in health and environment, enforce legislation and expand social security coverage to the population. These measures should be part of public policies as well as actions of academics and researchers.
format	article
author	Martha Edilia Palacios Nava Ana Rosa Moreno Sánchez María del Pilar Paz Román Juan José García García Rodolfo Nava Hernández
author_facet	Martha Edilia Palacios Nava Ana Rosa Moreno Sánchez María del Pilar Paz Román Juan José García García Rodolfo Nava Hernández
author_sort	Martha Edilia Palacios Nava
title	Situation of Occupational and Environmental Health in Mexico
title_short	Situation of Occupational and Environmental Health in Mexico
title_full	Situation of Occupational and Environmental Health in Mexico
title_fullStr	Situation of Occupational and Environmental Health in Mexico
title_full_unstemmed	Situation of Occupational and Environmental Health in Mexico
title_sort	situation of occupational and environmental health in mexico
publisher	Ubiquity Press
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/3dcff69436624ba2a68d5eba7e07ee27
work_keys_str_mv	AT marthaediliapalaciosnava situationofoccupationalandenvironmentalhealthinmexico AT anarosamorenosanchez situationofoccupationalandenvironmentalhealthinmexico AT mariadelpilarpazroman situationofoccupationalandenvironmentalhealthinmexico AT juanjosegarciagarcia situationofoccupationalandenvironmentalhealthinmexico AT rodolfonavahernandez situationofoccupationalandenvironmentalhealthinmexico
_version_	1718399275000397824

Situation of Occupational and Environmental Health in Mexico

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