Bovine innate immune phenotyping via a standardized whole blood stimulation assay

Abstract Cattle vary in their susceptibility to infection and immunopathology, but our ability to measure and longitudinally profile immune response variation is limited by the lack of standardized immune phenotyping assays for high-throughput analysis. Here we report longitudinal innate immune resp...

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Autores principales:	Cian Reid, Charlotte Beynon, Emer Kennedy, Cliona O’Farrelly, Kieran G. Meade
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3de2ed33e0544d8e92b470e80037ebcf
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3de2ed33e0544d8e92b470e80037ebcf2021-12-02T19:02:39ZBovine innate immune phenotyping via a standardized whole blood stimulation assay10.1038/s41598-021-96493-32045-2322https://doaj.org/article/3de2ed33e0544d8e92b470e80037ebcf2021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96493-3https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Cattle vary in their susceptibility to infection and immunopathology, but our ability to measure and longitudinally profile immune response variation is limited by the lack of standardized immune phenotyping assays for high-throughput analysis. Here we report longitudinal innate immune response profiles in cattle using a low-blood volume, whole blood stimulation system—the ImmunoChek (IChek) assay. By minimizing cell manipulation, our standardized system minimizes the potential for artefactual results and enables repeatable temporal comparative analysis in cattle. IChek successfully captured biological variation in innate cytokine (IL-1β and IL-6) and chemokine (IL-8) responses to 24-hr stimulation with either Gram-negative (LPS), Gram-positive (PamCSK4) bacterial or viral (R848) pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) across a 4-month time window. Significant and repeatable patterns of inter-individual variation in cytokine and chemokine responses, as well as consistent high innate immune responder individuals were identified at both baseline and induced levels. Correlation coefficients between immune response read-outs (IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8) varied according to PAMP. Strong significant positive correlations were observed between circulating monocytes and IL-6 levels for null and induced responses (0.49–0.61) and between neutrophils and cytokine responses to R848 (0.38–0.47). The standardized assay facilitates high-throughput bovine innate immune response profiling to identify phenotypes associated with disease susceptibility and responses to vaccination.Cian ReidCharlotte BeynonEmer KennedyCliona O’FarrellyKieran G. MeadeNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Cian Reid Charlotte Beynon Emer Kennedy Cliona O’Farrelly Kieran G. Meade Bovine innate immune phenotyping via a standardized whole blood stimulation assay
description	Abstract Cattle vary in their susceptibility to infection and immunopathology, but our ability to measure and longitudinally profile immune response variation is limited by the lack of standardized immune phenotyping assays for high-throughput analysis. Here we report longitudinal innate immune response profiles in cattle using a low-blood volume, whole blood stimulation system—the ImmunoChek (IChek) assay. By minimizing cell manipulation, our standardized system minimizes the potential for artefactual results and enables repeatable temporal comparative analysis in cattle. IChek successfully captured biological variation in innate cytokine (IL-1β and IL-6) and chemokine (IL-8) responses to 24-hr stimulation with either Gram-negative (LPS), Gram-positive (PamCSK4) bacterial or viral (R848) pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) across a 4-month time window. Significant and repeatable patterns of inter-individual variation in cytokine and chemokine responses, as well as consistent high innate immune responder individuals were identified at both baseline and induced levels. Correlation coefficients between immune response read-outs (IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8) varied according to PAMP. Strong significant positive correlations were observed between circulating monocytes and IL-6 levels for null and induced responses (0.49–0.61) and between neutrophils and cytokine responses to R848 (0.38–0.47). The standardized assay facilitates high-throughput bovine innate immune response profiling to identify phenotypes associated with disease susceptibility and responses to vaccination.
format	article
author	Cian Reid Charlotte Beynon Emer Kennedy Cliona O’Farrelly Kieran G. Meade
author_facet	Cian Reid Charlotte Beynon Emer Kennedy Cliona O’Farrelly Kieran G. Meade
author_sort	Cian Reid
title	Bovine innate immune phenotyping via a standardized whole blood stimulation assay
title_short	Bovine innate immune phenotyping via a standardized whole blood stimulation assay
title_full	Bovine innate immune phenotyping via a standardized whole blood stimulation assay
title_fullStr	Bovine innate immune phenotyping via a standardized whole blood stimulation assay
title_full_unstemmed	Bovine innate immune phenotyping via a standardized whole blood stimulation assay
title_sort	bovine innate immune phenotyping via a standardized whole blood stimulation assay
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3de2ed33e0544d8e92b470e80037ebcf
work_keys_str_mv	AT cianreid bovineinnateimmunephenotypingviaastandardizedwholebloodstimulationassay AT charlottebeynon bovineinnateimmunephenotypingviaastandardizedwholebloodstimulationassay AT emerkennedy bovineinnateimmunephenotypingviaastandardizedwholebloodstimulationassay AT clionaofarrelly bovineinnateimmunephenotypingviaastandardizedwholebloodstimulationassay AT kierangmeade bovineinnateimmunephenotypingviaastandardizedwholebloodstimulationassay
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Bovine innate immune phenotyping via a standardized whole blood stimulation assay

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