Antinociceptive and analgesic effect of continuous intravenous infusion of maropitant, lidocaine and ketamine alone or in combination in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy

Abstract Background Multimodal analgesia consists of the combination of analgesic drugs at low doses to act in different places along the path of pain. Studies with continuous infusion of analgesic drugs in cats are not common. This study aimed to evaluate the analgesic effect of maropitant, lidocai...

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Autores principales:	Janaina Maria Xavier Corrêa, Raquel Vieira Niella, Jéssica Natália Silva de Oliveira, Alex Costa Silva Junior, Claire Souza da Costa Marques, Taísa Miranda Pinto, Elisângela Barboza da Silva, Suzane Lilian Beier, Fabiana Lessa Silva, Mário Sérgio Lima de Lavor
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	NK1 receptor antagonist N-methyl-d-aspartate Neurokinin 1 Pain Sodium channels Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3e28a990b6f441f4add0b96d436db862
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3e28a990b6f441f4add0b96d436db8622021-11-28T12:29:21ZAntinociceptive and analgesic effect of continuous intravenous infusion of maropitant, lidocaine and ketamine alone or in combination in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy10.1186/s13028-021-00615-w1751-0147https://doaj.org/article/3e28a990b6f441f4add0b96d436db8622021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s13028-021-00615-whttps://doaj.org/toc/1751-0147Abstract Background Multimodal analgesia consists of the combination of analgesic drugs at low doses to act in different places along the path of pain. Studies with continuous infusion of analgesic drugs in cats are not common. This study aimed to evaluate the analgesic effect of maropitant, lidocaine and ketamine alone or in combination (intravenous bolus + subsequent continuous intravenous infusion) in the management of acute postoperative pain in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy. Seventy healthy cats undergoing an ovariohysterectomy received a standard anesthetic protocol consisting of acepromazine and morphine, propofol (anesthesia induction), and isoflurane (anesthesia maintenance). The animals were stratified into seven groups (n = 10 in each group): control (CG), maropitant (MG), lidocaine (LG), ketamine (KG), maropitant + lidocaine (LMG), maropitant + ketamine (KMG), and maropitant + lidocaine + ketamine (LKMG). All drugs were injected first as an intravenous bolus and then by continuous intravenous infusion. During surgery, esophageal temperature, respiratory rate, heart rate, oxygen saturation, expired isoflurane concentration, and partial pressure of carbon dioxide at the end of expiration were evaluated at 7 time points. Postoperative pain was evaluated for 6 h after extubation using the visual analogue scale and the UNESP-Botucatu multidimensional composite pain scale for assessing postoperative pain in cats. Results Adverse effects related to maropitant, lidocaine and ketamine infusion were not observed. Pain scores were lower in the MG, KG and LG groups when compared to the CG group using both scales. Although pain scores were also lower in all combination groups than CG, more animals in these groups required rescue analgesia compared to MG. This indicates that the postoperative analgesic effect of all drugs, either alone or in combination, confers analgesia, although the combinations did not promote greater analgesia. Conclusions Continuous intravenous infusion of maropitant, lidocaine, and ketamine alone induces postoperative analgesic effect in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy, but combinations of these drugs did not increase the analgesic effect. No adverse effect was observed with any drug or their combination.Janaina Maria Xavier CorrêaRaquel Vieira NiellaJéssica Natália Silva de OliveiraAlex Costa Silva JuniorClaire Souza da Costa MarquesTaísa Miranda PintoElisângela Barboza da SilvaSuzane Lilian BeierFabiana Lessa SilvaMário Sérgio Lima de LavorBMCarticleNK1 receptor antagonistN-methyl-d-aspartateNeurokinin 1PainSodium channelsVeterinary medicineSF600-1100ENActa Veterinaria Scandinavica, Vol 63, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	NK1 receptor antagonist N-methyl-d-aspartate Neurokinin 1 Pain Sodium channels Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
spellingShingle	NK1 receptor antagonist N-methyl-d-aspartate Neurokinin 1 Pain Sodium channels Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Janaina Maria Xavier Corrêa Raquel Vieira Niella Jéssica Natália Silva de Oliveira Alex Costa Silva Junior Claire Souza da Costa Marques Taísa Miranda Pinto Elisângela Barboza da Silva Suzane Lilian Beier Fabiana Lessa Silva Mário Sérgio Lima de Lavor Antinociceptive and analgesic effect of continuous intravenous infusion of maropitant, lidocaine and ketamine alone or in combination in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy
description	Abstract Background Multimodal analgesia consists of the combination of analgesic drugs at low doses to act in different places along the path of pain. Studies with continuous infusion of analgesic drugs in cats are not common. This study aimed to evaluate the analgesic effect of maropitant, lidocaine and ketamine alone or in combination (intravenous bolus + subsequent continuous intravenous infusion) in the management of acute postoperative pain in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy. Seventy healthy cats undergoing an ovariohysterectomy received a standard anesthetic protocol consisting of acepromazine and morphine, propofol (anesthesia induction), and isoflurane (anesthesia maintenance). The animals were stratified into seven groups (n = 10 in each group): control (CG), maropitant (MG), lidocaine (LG), ketamine (KG), maropitant + lidocaine (LMG), maropitant + ketamine (KMG), and maropitant + lidocaine + ketamine (LKMG). All drugs were injected first as an intravenous bolus and then by continuous intravenous infusion. During surgery, esophageal temperature, respiratory rate, heart rate, oxygen saturation, expired isoflurane concentration, and partial pressure of carbon dioxide at the end of expiration were evaluated at 7 time points. Postoperative pain was evaluated for 6 h after extubation using the visual analogue scale and the UNESP-Botucatu multidimensional composite pain scale for assessing postoperative pain in cats. Results Adverse effects related to maropitant, lidocaine and ketamine infusion were not observed. Pain scores were lower in the MG, KG and LG groups when compared to the CG group using both scales. Although pain scores were also lower in all combination groups than CG, more animals in these groups required rescue analgesia compared to MG. This indicates that the postoperative analgesic effect of all drugs, either alone or in combination, confers analgesia, although the combinations did not promote greater analgesia. Conclusions Continuous intravenous infusion of maropitant, lidocaine, and ketamine alone induces postoperative analgesic effect in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy, but combinations of these drugs did not increase the analgesic effect. No adverse effect was observed with any drug or their combination.
format	article
author	Janaina Maria Xavier Corrêa Raquel Vieira Niella Jéssica Natália Silva de Oliveira Alex Costa Silva Junior Claire Souza da Costa Marques Taísa Miranda Pinto Elisângela Barboza da Silva Suzane Lilian Beier Fabiana Lessa Silva Mário Sérgio Lima de Lavor
author_facet	Janaina Maria Xavier Corrêa Raquel Vieira Niella Jéssica Natália Silva de Oliveira Alex Costa Silva Junior Claire Souza da Costa Marques Taísa Miranda Pinto Elisângela Barboza da Silva Suzane Lilian Beier Fabiana Lessa Silva Mário Sérgio Lima de Lavor
author_sort	Janaina Maria Xavier Corrêa
title	Antinociceptive and analgesic effect of continuous intravenous infusion of maropitant, lidocaine and ketamine alone or in combination in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy
title_short	Antinociceptive and analgesic effect of continuous intravenous infusion of maropitant, lidocaine and ketamine alone or in combination in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy
title_full	Antinociceptive and analgesic effect of continuous intravenous infusion of maropitant, lidocaine and ketamine alone or in combination in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy
title_fullStr	Antinociceptive and analgesic effect of continuous intravenous infusion of maropitant, lidocaine and ketamine alone or in combination in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy
title_full_unstemmed	Antinociceptive and analgesic effect of continuous intravenous infusion of maropitant, lidocaine and ketamine alone or in combination in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy
title_sort	antinociceptive and analgesic effect of continuous intravenous infusion of maropitant, lidocaine and ketamine alone or in combination in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3e28a990b6f441f4add0b96d436db862
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Antinociceptive and analgesic effect of continuous intravenous infusion of maropitant, lidocaine and ketamine alone or in combination in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy

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