Clinical effectiveness of baclofen for the treatment of alcohol dependence: a review

Jessica L Brennan,2 Jonathan G Leung,1 Jane P Gagliardi,3 Sarah K Rivelli,3 Andrew J Muzyk4 1Department of Hospital Pharmacy Services, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 2Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 3Department of Psychiatry and Behavio...

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Autores principales:	Brennan JL, Leung JG, Gagliardi JP, Rivelli SK, Muzyk AJ
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2013
Materias:	Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3e6a61855a8d4de8b20437241a17ba8e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3e6a61855a8d4de8b20437241a17ba8e2021-12-02T06:01:49ZClinical effectiveness of baclofen for the treatment of alcohol dependence: a review1179-1438https://doaj.org/article/3e6a61855a8d4de8b20437241a17ba8e2013-07-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/clinical-effectiveness-of-baclofen-for-the-treatment-of-alcohol-depend-a13561https://doaj.org/toc/1179-1438Jessica L Brennan,2 Jonathan G Leung,1 Jane P Gagliardi,3 Sarah K Rivelli,3 Andrew J Muzyk4 1Department of Hospital Pharmacy Services, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 2Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 3Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, 4Department of Pharmacy Practice, Campbell University School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Buies Creek, NC, USA Abstract: Baclofen, an agonist at the B subunit of gaba-aminobutyric acid receptor, possesses pharmacologic properties that may confer utility for the treatment of alcohol dependence. Research suggests that not only can it be useful in promoting maintenance of alcohol abstinence but also it may play a key role in decreasing alcohol cravings and anxiety often associated with alcohol dependence. To assess the benefit of baclofen for alcohol dependence, a review of the literature was conducted to identify published data investigating this off-label treatment. Four randomized controlled trials to date have been published and were included in this review. Although primary outcomes differ between studies, patients randomized to baclofen experience higher rates of abstinence from alcohol than those taking placebo in two of the trials. Secondary analyses indicate that baclofen is safe in patients with alcohol dependence, including those with moderate to severe liver cirrhosis, and may provide beneficial anxiolytic effects. Despite some positive data, the largest available randomized controlled trial failed to find any differences between baclofen and placebo. In all studies, individuals with severe medical comorbidities, seizure disorders, and psychiatric disorders were excluded from trials, which may limit external validity. In summary, there may be beneficial effects from using baclofen for the treatment of alcohol dependence; however, limited conclusions can be drawn from the small number of studies currently available for review. Larger well-designed trials are needed to further define baclofen's role for the treatment of alcohol dependence. Keywords: baclofen, alcohol, abstinence, relapse, craving, dependenceBrennan JLLeung JGGagliardi JPRivelli SKMuzyk AJDove Medical PressarticleTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENClinical Pharmacology: Advances and Applications, Vol 2013, Iss Issue 1, Pp 99-107 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
spellingShingle	Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950 Brennan JL Leung JG Gagliardi JP Rivelli SK Muzyk AJ Clinical effectiveness of baclofen for the treatment of alcohol dependence: a review
description	Jessica L Brennan,2 Jonathan G Leung,1 Jane P Gagliardi,3 Sarah K Rivelli,3 Andrew J Muzyk4 1Department of Hospital Pharmacy Services, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 2Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 3Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, 4Department of Pharmacy Practice, Campbell University School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Buies Creek, NC, USA Abstract: Baclofen, an agonist at the B subunit of gaba-aminobutyric acid receptor, possesses pharmacologic properties that may confer utility for the treatment of alcohol dependence. Research suggests that not only can it be useful in promoting maintenance of alcohol abstinence but also it may play a key role in decreasing alcohol cravings and anxiety often associated with alcohol dependence. To assess the benefit of baclofen for alcohol dependence, a review of the literature was conducted to identify published data investigating this off-label treatment. Four randomized controlled trials to date have been published and were included in this review. Although primary outcomes differ between studies, patients randomized to baclofen experience higher rates of abstinence from alcohol than those taking placebo in two of the trials. Secondary analyses indicate that baclofen is safe in patients with alcohol dependence, including those with moderate to severe liver cirrhosis, and may provide beneficial anxiolytic effects. Despite some positive data, the largest available randomized controlled trial failed to find any differences between baclofen and placebo. In all studies, individuals with severe medical comorbidities, seizure disorders, and psychiatric disorders were excluded from trials, which may limit external validity. In summary, there may be beneficial effects from using baclofen for the treatment of alcohol dependence; however, limited conclusions can be drawn from the small number of studies currently available for review. Larger well-designed trials are needed to further define baclofen's role for the treatment of alcohol dependence. Keywords: baclofen, alcohol, abstinence, relapse, craving, dependence
format	article
author	Brennan JL Leung JG Gagliardi JP Rivelli SK Muzyk AJ
author_facet	Brennan JL Leung JG Gagliardi JP Rivelli SK Muzyk AJ
author_sort	Brennan JL
title	Clinical effectiveness of baclofen for the treatment of alcohol dependence: a review
title_short	Clinical effectiveness of baclofen for the treatment of alcohol dependence: a review
title_full	Clinical effectiveness of baclofen for the treatment of alcohol dependence: a review
title_fullStr	Clinical effectiveness of baclofen for the treatment of alcohol dependence: a review
title_full_unstemmed	Clinical effectiveness of baclofen for the treatment of alcohol dependence: a review
title_sort	clinical effectiveness of baclofen for the treatment of alcohol dependence: a review
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/3e6a61855a8d4de8b20437241a17ba8e
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Clinical effectiveness of baclofen for the treatment of alcohol dependence: a review

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