Preparation and in vitro studies of MRI-specific superparamagnetic iron oxide antiGPC3 probe for hepatocellular carcinoma

Youwei Li,1,2 Zhengguang Chen,3 Fei Li,1 Jichen Wang,4 Zongming Zhang1,5 1School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 2Department of Radiology, Beijing Chuiyangliu Hospital, 3Department of Radiology, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing; 4Department of Radio...

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Autores principales:	Li Y, Chen Z, Li F, Wang J, Zhang Z
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2012
Materias:	Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3e6e172b9c8e466780a6eabc305ab04e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3e6e172b9c8e466780a6eabc305ab04e2021-12-02T06:16:23ZPreparation and in vitro studies of MRI-specific superparamagnetic iron oxide antiGPC3 probe for hepatocellular carcinoma1176-91141178-2013https://doaj.org/article/3e6e172b9c8e466780a6eabc305ab04e2012-08-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/preparation-and-in-vitro-studies-of-mri-specific-superparamagneticiron-a10768https://doaj.org/toc/1176-9114https://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013Youwei Li,1,2 Zhengguang Chen,3 Fei Li,1 Jichen Wang,4 Zongming Zhang1,5 1School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 2Department of Radiology, Beijing Chuiyangliu Hospital, 3Department of Radiology, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing; 4Department of Radiology, Nanjing BenQ Hospital, Nanjing, 5Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Futian Hospital, Guangdong Medical College, Shenzhen, People&#39;s Republic of ChinaBackground: The aim of this study was to develop an antiGPC3-ultrasuperparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) probe for early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods: GPC3 and AFP receptors were selected as biomarkers and conjugated with USPIO nanoparticles coated by dextran with carboxylate groups to synthesize antiGPC3-USPIO and antiAFP-USPIO probes. HepG2 cells (a human hepatocellular carcinoma cell model with high expression of GPC3) were used along with SMMC-7721 cells (a hepatocellular carcinoma cell model with no expression of GPC3), HeLa cells (a cervical cancer model), and HL-7702 (normal hepatocytes) which were used as controls. After incubation with the probes, the iron content in the cells was calculated, USPIO nanoparticles in cells were observed using transmission electron microscopy, and T1 and T2 relaxation times were measured with a 1.5 T magnetic resonance scanner.Results: AntiGPC3-USPIO probes with a mean hydrodynamic diameter of 47 nm showed good biological compatibility. Transmission electron microscopic images indicated that the amount of USPIO nanoparticles taken up was significantly higher in HepG2 cells incubated with antiGPC3-USPIO than that in HepG2 cells incubated with antiAFP-USPIO or USPIO nanoparticles and that in the SMMC-7721 or HeLa cells incubated with antiGPC3-USPIO probes, antiAFP-USPIO probes, or USPIO nanoparticles. The higher the concentration and the longer the incubation time, the greater the number of USPIO nanoparticles found in the cells. No USPIO nanoparticles were found in the HL-7702 cells. All of the HepG2, SMMC-7721, and HeLa cells incubated with antiGPC3-USPIO, antiAFP-USPIO, or USPIO nanoparticles were able to shorten the T1 and T2 values in agar solution, especially the T2 images of HepG2 cells incubated with antiGPC3-USPIO probes.Conclusion: AntiGPC3-USPIO probes can be utilized as a specific magnetic resonance targeting contrast agent for early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma. Using a 1.5 T magnetic resonance scanner, the optimal time for imaging HepG2 cells was around 2&ndash;4 hours after incubation with antiGPC3-USPIO probes.Keywords: magnetic resonance imaging, hepatocellular carcinoma, HepG2 cells, superparamagnetic iron oxide antiGPC3-USPIO probeLi YChen ZLi FWang JZhang ZDove Medical PressarticleMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol 2012, Iss default, Pp 4593-4611 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	Medicine (General) R5-920 Li Y Chen Z Li F Wang J Zhang Z Preparation and in vitro studies of MRI-specific superparamagnetic iron oxide antiGPC3 probe for hepatocellular carcinoma
description	Youwei Li,1,2 Zhengguang Chen,3 Fei Li,1 Jichen Wang,4 Zongming Zhang1,5 1School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 2Department of Radiology, Beijing Chuiyangliu Hospital, 3Department of Radiology, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing; 4Department of Radiology, Nanjing BenQ Hospital, Nanjing, 5Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Futian Hospital, Guangdong Medical College, Shenzhen, People&#39;s Republic of ChinaBackground: The aim of this study was to develop an antiGPC3-ultrasuperparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) probe for early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods: GPC3 and AFP receptors were selected as biomarkers and conjugated with USPIO nanoparticles coated by dextran with carboxylate groups to synthesize antiGPC3-USPIO and antiAFP-USPIO probes. HepG2 cells (a human hepatocellular carcinoma cell model with high expression of GPC3) were used along with SMMC-7721 cells (a hepatocellular carcinoma cell model with no expression of GPC3), HeLa cells (a cervical cancer model), and HL-7702 (normal hepatocytes) which were used as controls. After incubation with the probes, the iron content in the cells was calculated, USPIO nanoparticles in cells were observed using transmission electron microscopy, and T1 and T2 relaxation times were measured with a 1.5 T magnetic resonance scanner.Results: AntiGPC3-USPIO probes with a mean hydrodynamic diameter of 47 nm showed good biological compatibility. Transmission electron microscopic images indicated that the amount of USPIO nanoparticles taken up was significantly higher in HepG2 cells incubated with antiGPC3-USPIO than that in HepG2 cells incubated with antiAFP-USPIO or USPIO nanoparticles and that in the SMMC-7721 or HeLa cells incubated with antiGPC3-USPIO probes, antiAFP-USPIO probes, or USPIO nanoparticles. The higher the concentration and the longer the incubation time, the greater the number of USPIO nanoparticles found in the cells. No USPIO nanoparticles were found in the HL-7702 cells. All of the HepG2, SMMC-7721, and HeLa cells incubated with antiGPC3-USPIO, antiAFP-USPIO, or USPIO nanoparticles were able to shorten the T1 and T2 values in agar solution, especially the T2 images of HepG2 cells incubated with antiGPC3-USPIO probes.Conclusion: AntiGPC3-USPIO probes can be utilized as a specific magnetic resonance targeting contrast agent for early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma. Using a 1.5 T magnetic resonance scanner, the optimal time for imaging HepG2 cells was around 2&ndash;4 hours after incubation with antiGPC3-USPIO probes.Keywords: magnetic resonance imaging, hepatocellular carcinoma, HepG2 cells, superparamagnetic iron oxide antiGPC3-USPIO probe
format	article
author	Li Y Chen Z Li F Wang J Zhang Z
author_facet	Li Y Chen Z Li F Wang J Zhang Z
author_sort	Li Y
title	Preparation and in vitro studies of MRI-specific superparamagnetic iron oxide antiGPC3 probe for hepatocellular carcinoma
title_short	Preparation and in vitro studies of MRI-specific superparamagnetic iron oxide antiGPC3 probe for hepatocellular carcinoma
title_full	Preparation and in vitro studies of MRI-specific superparamagnetic iron oxide antiGPC3 probe for hepatocellular carcinoma
title_fullStr	Preparation and in vitro studies of MRI-specific superparamagnetic iron oxide antiGPC3 probe for hepatocellular carcinoma
title_full_unstemmed	Preparation and in vitro studies of MRI-specific superparamagnetic iron oxide antiGPC3 probe for hepatocellular carcinoma
title_sort	preparation and in vitro studies of mri-specific superparamagnetic iron oxide antigpc3 probe for hepatocellular carcinoma
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/3e6e172b9c8e466780a6eabc305ab04e
work_keys_str_mv	AT liy preparationandinvitrostudiesofmrispecificsuperparamagneticironoxideantigpc3probeforhepatocellularcarcinoma AT chenz preparationandinvitrostudiesofmrispecificsuperparamagneticironoxideantigpc3probeforhepatocellularcarcinoma AT lif preparationandinvitrostudiesofmrispecificsuperparamagneticironoxideantigpc3probeforhepatocellularcarcinoma AT wangj preparationandinvitrostudiesofmrispecificsuperparamagneticironoxideantigpc3probeforhepatocellularcarcinoma AT zhangz preparationandinvitrostudiesofmrispecificsuperparamagneticironoxideantigpc3probeforhepatocellularcarcinoma
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Preparation and in vitro studies of MRI-specific superparamagnetic iron oxide antiGPC3 probe for hepatocellular carcinoma

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