Eye movement as a biomarker of impaired organizational strategies during visual memory encoding in obsessive–compulsive disorder

Abstract The symptoms of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) are largely related to impaired executive functioning due to frontostriatal dysfunction. To better treat OCD, the development of biomarkers to bridge the gap between the symptomatic-cognitive phenotype and brain abnormalities is warranted....

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Autores principales:	Minah Kim, Woncheol Shin, Tak Hyung Lee, Taekwan Kim, Wu Jeong Hwang, Jun Soo Kwon
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3e732eb2a40349e1b9bc8717ec2c8e61
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3e732eb2a40349e1b9bc8717ec2c8e612021-12-02T17:25:44ZEye movement as a biomarker of impaired organizational strategies during visual memory encoding in obsessive–compulsive disorder10.1038/s41598-021-97885-12045-2322https://doaj.org/article/3e732eb2a40349e1b9bc8717ec2c8e612021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-97885-1https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The symptoms of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) are largely related to impaired executive functioning due to frontostriatal dysfunction. To better treat OCD, the development of biomarkers to bridge the gap between the symptomatic-cognitive phenotype and brain abnormalities is warranted. Therefore, we aimed to identify biomarkers of impaired organizational strategies during visual encoding processes in OCD patients by developing an eye tracking-based Rey–Osterrieth complex figure test (RCFT). In 104 OCD patients and 114 healthy controls (HCs), eye movements were recorded during memorization of the RCFT figure, and organizational scores were evaluated. Kullback–Leibler divergence (KLD) scores were calculated to evaluate the distance between a participant’s eye gaze distribution and a hypothetical uniform distribution within the RCFT figure. Narrower gaze distributions within the RCFT figure, which yielded higher KLD scores, indicated that the participant was more obsessed with detail and had less organizational strategy. The OCD patients showed lower organizational scores than the HCs. Although no group differences in KLD scores were noted, KLD scores were significantly associated with organization T scores in the OCD group. The current study findings suggest that eye tracking biomarkers of visual memory encoding provide a rapidly determined index of executive functioning, such as organizational strategies, in OCD patients.Minah KimWoncheol ShinTak Hyung LeeTaekwan KimWu Jeong HwangJun Soo KwonNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Minah Kim Woncheol Shin Tak Hyung Lee Taekwan Kim Wu Jeong Hwang Jun Soo Kwon Eye movement as a biomarker of impaired organizational strategies during visual memory encoding in obsessive–compulsive disorder
description	Abstract The symptoms of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) are largely related to impaired executive functioning due to frontostriatal dysfunction. To better treat OCD, the development of biomarkers to bridge the gap between the symptomatic-cognitive phenotype and brain abnormalities is warranted. Therefore, we aimed to identify biomarkers of impaired organizational strategies during visual encoding processes in OCD patients by developing an eye tracking-based Rey–Osterrieth complex figure test (RCFT). In 104 OCD patients and 114 healthy controls (HCs), eye movements were recorded during memorization of the RCFT figure, and organizational scores were evaluated. Kullback–Leibler divergence (KLD) scores were calculated to evaluate the distance between a participant’s eye gaze distribution and a hypothetical uniform distribution within the RCFT figure. Narrower gaze distributions within the RCFT figure, which yielded higher KLD scores, indicated that the participant was more obsessed with detail and had less organizational strategy. The OCD patients showed lower organizational scores than the HCs. Although no group differences in KLD scores were noted, KLD scores were significantly associated with organization T scores in the OCD group. The current study findings suggest that eye tracking biomarkers of visual memory encoding provide a rapidly determined index of executive functioning, such as organizational strategies, in OCD patients.
format	article
author	Minah Kim Woncheol Shin Tak Hyung Lee Taekwan Kim Wu Jeong Hwang Jun Soo Kwon
author_facet	Minah Kim Woncheol Shin Tak Hyung Lee Taekwan Kim Wu Jeong Hwang Jun Soo Kwon
author_sort	Minah Kim
title	Eye movement as a biomarker of impaired organizational strategies during visual memory encoding in obsessive–compulsive disorder
title_short	Eye movement as a biomarker of impaired organizational strategies during visual memory encoding in obsessive–compulsive disorder
title_full	Eye movement as a biomarker of impaired organizational strategies during visual memory encoding in obsessive–compulsive disorder
title_fullStr	Eye movement as a biomarker of impaired organizational strategies during visual memory encoding in obsessive–compulsive disorder
title_full_unstemmed	Eye movement as a biomarker of impaired organizational strategies during visual memory encoding in obsessive–compulsive disorder
title_sort	eye movement as a biomarker of impaired organizational strategies during visual memory encoding in obsessive–compulsive disorder
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3e732eb2a40349e1b9bc8717ec2c8e61
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Eye movement as a biomarker of impaired organizational strategies during visual memory encoding in obsessive–compulsive disorder

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