Development of molecular markers based on the promoter difference of LcFT1 to discriminate easy- and difficult-flowering litchi germplasm resources and its application in crossbreeding

Abstract Background Litchi is a well-known subtropical fruit crop. However, irregular bearing attributed to unstable flowering is a major ongoing problem for the development of the litchi industry. In a previous study, our laboratory proved that litchi flowering was induced by low temperature and th...

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Autores principales:	Feng Ding, Haoran Li, Jinying Wang, Hongxiang Peng, Houbin Chen, Fuchu Hu, Biao Lai, Yongzan Wei, Wuqiang Ma, Hongli Li, Xinhua He, Shuwei Zhang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	Litchi chinensis LcFT1 Promoter difference Molecular markers Crossbreeding Botany QK1-989
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3e9ea49cbcbd4ebbbd7403f9a22b228e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3e9ea49cbcbd4ebbbd7403f9a22b228e2021-11-21T12:05:50ZDevelopment of molecular markers based on the promoter difference of LcFT1 to discriminate easy- and difficult-flowering litchi germplasm resources and its application in crossbreeding10.1186/s12870-021-03309-71471-2229https://doaj.org/article/3e9ea49cbcbd4ebbbd7403f9a22b228e2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-021-03309-7https://doaj.org/toc/1471-2229Abstract Background Litchi is a well-known subtropical fruit crop. However, irregular bearing attributed to unstable flowering is a major ongoing problem for the development of the litchi industry. In a previous study, our laboratory proved that litchi flowering was induced by low temperature and that a FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) homologue gene named LcFT1 played a pivotal role in this process. The present study aimed to understand the natural variation in FT among litchi germplasm resources and designed markers to verify easy- and difficult-flowering litchi germplasms. A grafting experiment was also carried out to explore whether it could shorten the seedling stage of litchi seedlings. Results Two types of LcFT1 promoter existed in different litchi germplasm resources, and we named them the ‘easy-flowering type of LcFT1 promoter’ and ‘difficult-flowering type of LcFT1 promoter’, which resulted in three different LcFT1 genotypes of litchi germplasm resources, including the homozygous easy-flowering type of the LcFT1 genotype, homozygous difficult-flowering type of the LcFT1 genotype and heterozygous LcFT1 genotype of litchi germplasm resources. The homozygous easy-flowering type of the LcFT1 genotype and heterozygous LcFT1 genotype of the litchi germplasm resources completed their floral induction more easily than the homozygous difficult-flowering type of the LcFT1 genotype of litchi germplasm resources. Herein, we designed two kinds of efficient molecular markers based on the difference in LcFT1 promoter sequences and applied them to identify of the easy- and difficult-flowering litchi germplasm resources. These two kinds of molecular markers were capable of clearly distinguishing the easy- from difficult-flowering litchi germplasm resources at the seedling stage and provided the same results. Meanwhile, grafting the scion of seedlings to the annual branches of adult litchi trees could significantly shorten the seedling stage. Conclusions Understanding the flowering characteristics of litchi germplasm resources is essential for easy-flowering litchi breeding. In the present study, molecular markers provide a rapid and accurate approach for identifying the flowering characteristics. The application of these molecular markers not only significantly shortened the artificial crossbreeding cycle of easy-flowering litchi cultivars but also greatly saved manpower, material resources and land.Feng DingHaoran LiJinying WangHongxiang PengHoubin ChenFuchu HuBiao LaiYongzan WeiWuqiang MaHongli LiXinhua HeShuwei ZhangBMCarticleLitchi chinensisLcFT1Promoter differenceMolecular markersCrossbreedingBotanyQK1-989ENBMC Plant Biology, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Litchi chinensis LcFT1 Promoter difference Molecular markers Crossbreeding Botany QK1-989
spellingShingle	Litchi chinensis LcFT1 Promoter difference Molecular markers Crossbreeding Botany QK1-989 Feng Ding Haoran Li Jinying Wang Hongxiang Peng Houbin Chen Fuchu Hu Biao Lai Yongzan Wei Wuqiang Ma Hongli Li Xinhua He Shuwei Zhang Development of molecular markers based on the promoter difference of LcFT1 to discriminate easy- and difficult-flowering litchi germplasm resources and its application in crossbreeding
description	Abstract Background Litchi is a well-known subtropical fruit crop. However, irregular bearing attributed to unstable flowering is a major ongoing problem for the development of the litchi industry. In a previous study, our laboratory proved that litchi flowering was induced by low temperature and that a FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) homologue gene named LcFT1 played a pivotal role in this process. The present study aimed to understand the natural variation in FT among litchi germplasm resources and designed markers to verify easy- and difficult-flowering litchi germplasms. A grafting experiment was also carried out to explore whether it could shorten the seedling stage of litchi seedlings. Results Two types of LcFT1 promoter existed in different litchi germplasm resources, and we named them the ‘easy-flowering type of LcFT1 promoter’ and ‘difficult-flowering type of LcFT1 promoter’, which resulted in three different LcFT1 genotypes of litchi germplasm resources, including the homozygous easy-flowering type of the LcFT1 genotype, homozygous difficult-flowering type of the LcFT1 genotype and heterozygous LcFT1 genotype of litchi germplasm resources. The homozygous easy-flowering type of the LcFT1 genotype and heterozygous LcFT1 genotype of the litchi germplasm resources completed their floral induction more easily than the homozygous difficult-flowering type of the LcFT1 genotype of litchi germplasm resources. Herein, we designed two kinds of efficient molecular markers based on the difference in LcFT1 promoter sequences and applied them to identify of the easy- and difficult-flowering litchi germplasm resources. These two kinds of molecular markers were capable of clearly distinguishing the easy- from difficult-flowering litchi germplasm resources at the seedling stage and provided the same results. Meanwhile, grafting the scion of seedlings to the annual branches of adult litchi trees could significantly shorten the seedling stage. Conclusions Understanding the flowering characteristics of litchi germplasm resources is essential for easy-flowering litchi breeding. In the present study, molecular markers provide a rapid and accurate approach for identifying the flowering characteristics. The application of these molecular markers not only significantly shortened the artificial crossbreeding cycle of easy-flowering litchi cultivars but also greatly saved manpower, material resources and land.
format	article
author	Feng Ding Haoran Li Jinying Wang Hongxiang Peng Houbin Chen Fuchu Hu Biao Lai Yongzan Wei Wuqiang Ma Hongli Li Xinhua He Shuwei Zhang
author_facet	Feng Ding Haoran Li Jinying Wang Hongxiang Peng Houbin Chen Fuchu Hu Biao Lai Yongzan Wei Wuqiang Ma Hongli Li Xinhua He Shuwei Zhang
author_sort	Feng Ding
title	Development of molecular markers based on the promoter difference of LcFT1 to discriminate easy- and difficult-flowering litchi germplasm resources and its application in crossbreeding
title_short	Development of molecular markers based on the promoter difference of LcFT1 to discriminate easy- and difficult-flowering litchi germplasm resources and its application in crossbreeding
title_full	Development of molecular markers based on the promoter difference of LcFT1 to discriminate easy- and difficult-flowering litchi germplasm resources and its application in crossbreeding
title_fullStr	Development of molecular markers based on the promoter difference of LcFT1 to discriminate easy- and difficult-flowering litchi germplasm resources and its application in crossbreeding
title_full_unstemmed	Development of molecular markers based on the promoter difference of LcFT1 to discriminate easy- and difficult-flowering litchi germplasm resources and its application in crossbreeding
title_sort	development of molecular markers based on the promoter difference of lcft1 to discriminate easy- and difficult-flowering litchi germplasm resources and its application in crossbreeding
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3e9ea49cbcbd4ebbbd7403f9a22b228e
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Development of molecular markers based on the promoter difference of LcFT1 to discriminate easy- and difficult-flowering litchi germplasm resources and its application in crossbreeding

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