Differential Spleen Remodeling Associated with Different Levels of Parasite Virulence Controls Disease Outcome in Malaria Parasite Infections

ABSTRACT Infections by malaria parasites can lead to very different clinical outcomes, ranging from mild symptoms to death. Differences in the ability of the spleen to deal with the infected red blood cells (iRBCs) are linked to differences in virulence. Using virulent and avirulent strains of the r...

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Autores principales:	Ximei Huang, Sha Huang, Lai Chun Ong, Jason Chu-Shern Lim, Rebecca Joan Mary Hurst, Annals Tatenda Mushunje, Paul Thomas Matsudaira, Jongyoon Han, Peter Rainer Preiser
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2016
Materias:	malaria innate immunity red blood cell rigidity virulence marker Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3ed175b2c96241368c208a548f0d23ac
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3ed175b2c96241368c208a548f0d23ac2021-11-15T15:21:38ZDifferential Spleen Remodeling Associated with Different Levels of Parasite Virulence Controls Disease Outcome in Malaria Parasite Infections10.1128/mSphere.00018-152379-5042https://doaj.org/article/3ed175b2c96241368c208a548f0d23ac2016-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mSphere.00018-15https://doaj.org/toc/2379-5042ABSTRACT Infections by malaria parasites can lead to very different clinical outcomes, ranging from mild symptoms to death. Differences in the ability of the spleen to deal with the infected red blood cells (iRBCs) are linked to differences in virulence. Using virulent and avirulent strains of the rodent malaria parasite Plasmodium yoelii, we investigated how parasite virulence modulates overall spleen function. Following parasite invasion, a difference in parasite virulence was observed in association with different levels of spleen morphology and iRBC rigidity, both of which contributed to enhanced parasite clearance. Moreover, iRBC rigidity as modulated by the spleen was demonstrated to correlate with disease outcome and thus can be used as a robust indicator of virulence. The data indicate that alterations in the biomechanical properties of iRBCs are the result of the complex interaction between host and parasite. Furthermore, we confirmed that early spleen responses are a key factor in directing the clinical outcome of an infection. IMPORTANCE The spleen and its response to parasite infection are important in eliminating parasites in malaria. By comparing P. yoelii parasite lines with different disease outcomes in mice that had either intact spleens or had had their spleens removed, we showed that upon parasite infection, the spleen exhibits dramatic changes that can affect parasite clearance. The spleen itself directly impacts RBC deformability independently of parasite genetics. The data indicated that the changes in the biomechanical properties of malaria parasite-infected RBCs are the result of the complex interaction between host and parasite, and RBC deformability itself can serve as a novel predictor of clinical outcome. The results also suggest that early responses in the spleen are a key factor directing the clinical outcome of an infection.Ximei HuangSha HuangLai Chun OngJason Chu-Shern LimRebecca Joan Mary HurstAnnals Tatenda MushunjePaul Thomas MatsudairaJongyoon HanPeter Rainer PreiserAmerican Society for Microbiologyarticlemalariainnate immunityred blood cell rigidityvirulencemarkerMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmSphere, Vol 1, Iss 1 (2016)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	malaria innate immunity red blood cell rigidity virulence marker Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	malaria innate immunity red blood cell rigidity virulence marker Microbiology QR1-502 Ximei Huang Sha Huang Lai Chun Ong Jason Chu-Shern Lim Rebecca Joan Mary Hurst Annals Tatenda Mushunje Paul Thomas Matsudaira Jongyoon Han Peter Rainer Preiser Differential Spleen Remodeling Associated with Different Levels of Parasite Virulence Controls Disease Outcome in Malaria Parasite Infections
description	ABSTRACT Infections by malaria parasites can lead to very different clinical outcomes, ranging from mild symptoms to death. Differences in the ability of the spleen to deal with the infected red blood cells (iRBCs) are linked to differences in virulence. Using virulent and avirulent strains of the rodent malaria parasite Plasmodium yoelii, we investigated how parasite virulence modulates overall spleen function. Following parasite invasion, a difference in parasite virulence was observed in association with different levels of spleen morphology and iRBC rigidity, both of which contributed to enhanced parasite clearance. Moreover, iRBC rigidity as modulated by the spleen was demonstrated to correlate with disease outcome and thus can be used as a robust indicator of virulence. The data indicate that alterations in the biomechanical properties of iRBCs are the result of the complex interaction between host and parasite. Furthermore, we confirmed that early spleen responses are a key factor in directing the clinical outcome of an infection. IMPORTANCE The spleen and its response to parasite infection are important in eliminating parasites in malaria. By comparing P. yoelii parasite lines with different disease outcomes in mice that had either intact spleens or had had their spleens removed, we showed that upon parasite infection, the spleen exhibits dramatic changes that can affect parasite clearance. The spleen itself directly impacts RBC deformability independently of parasite genetics. The data indicated that the changes in the biomechanical properties of malaria parasite-infected RBCs are the result of the complex interaction between host and parasite, and RBC deformability itself can serve as a novel predictor of clinical outcome. The results also suggest that early responses in the spleen are a key factor directing the clinical outcome of an infection.
format	article
author	Ximei Huang Sha Huang Lai Chun Ong Jason Chu-Shern Lim Rebecca Joan Mary Hurst Annals Tatenda Mushunje Paul Thomas Matsudaira Jongyoon Han Peter Rainer Preiser
author_facet	Ximei Huang Sha Huang Lai Chun Ong Jason Chu-Shern Lim Rebecca Joan Mary Hurst Annals Tatenda Mushunje Paul Thomas Matsudaira Jongyoon Han Peter Rainer Preiser
author_sort	Ximei Huang
title	Differential Spleen Remodeling Associated with Different Levels of Parasite Virulence Controls Disease Outcome in Malaria Parasite Infections
title_short	Differential Spleen Remodeling Associated with Different Levels of Parasite Virulence Controls Disease Outcome in Malaria Parasite Infections
title_full	Differential Spleen Remodeling Associated with Different Levels of Parasite Virulence Controls Disease Outcome in Malaria Parasite Infections
title_fullStr	Differential Spleen Remodeling Associated with Different Levels of Parasite Virulence Controls Disease Outcome in Malaria Parasite Infections
title_full_unstemmed	Differential Spleen Remodeling Associated with Different Levels of Parasite Virulence Controls Disease Outcome in Malaria Parasite Infections
title_sort	differential spleen remodeling associated with different levels of parasite virulence controls disease outcome in malaria parasite infections
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2016
url	https://doaj.org/article/3ed175b2c96241368c208a548f0d23ac
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Differential Spleen Remodeling Associated with Different Levels of Parasite Virulence Controls Disease Outcome in Malaria Parasite Infections

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