Crop Allelopathy for Sustainable Weed Management in Agroecosystems: Knowing the Present with a View to the Future

In the face of yield losses caused by weeds, especially in low-input agricultural systems, and environmental pollution due to the excessive use of synthetic herbicides, sustainable weed management has become mandatory. To address these issues, allelopathy, i.e., the biochemical phenomenon of chemica...

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Autores principales:	Aurelio Scavo, Giovanni Mauromicale
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	allelopathy weed management crop rotation cover crops intercropping bioherbicides Agriculture S
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3eea9594b2eb40c493c9221ad04cf4d9
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:3eea9594b2eb40c493c9221ad04cf4d9
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3eea9594b2eb40c493c9221ad04cf4d92021-11-25T16:02:43ZCrop Allelopathy for Sustainable Weed Management in Agroecosystems: Knowing the Present with a View to the Future10.3390/agronomy111121042073-4395https://doaj.org/article/3eea9594b2eb40c493c9221ad04cf4d92021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/11/2104https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4395In the face of yield losses caused by weeds, especially in low-input agricultural systems, and environmental pollution due to the excessive use of synthetic herbicides, sustainable weed management has become mandatory. To address these issues, allelopathy, i.e., the biochemical phenomenon of chemical interactions between plants through the release of secondary metabolites into the environment, is gaining popularity. Although many important crops are known for their allelopathic potential, farmers are still reluctant to use such knowledge practically. It is therefore important to assist advisors and farmers in assessing whether allelopathy can be effectively implemented into an eco-friendly weed management strategy. Here, we aim to give a comprehensive and updated review on the herbicidal potential of allelopathy. The major findings are the following: (1) Crops from different botanical families show allelopathic properties and can be cultivated alone or in combination with other non-allelopathic crops. (2) Many allelopathic tools can be adopted (crop rotation, intercropping, cover cropping as living or dead mulches, green manuring, use of allelochemical-based bioherbicides). (3) These methods are highly flexible and feature increased efficiency when combined into an integrated weed management strategy. (4) Recent advances in the chemistry of allelopathy are facilitating the use of allelochemicals for bioherbicide production. (5) Several biotechnologies, such as stress induction and genetic engineering techniques, can enhance the allelopathic potential of crops or introduce allelopathic traits de novo. This review shows how important the role of allelopathy for sustainable weed management is and, at the same time, indicates the need for field experiments, mainly under an integrated approach. Finally, we recommend the combination of transgenic allelopathy with the aforementioned allelopathic tools to increase the weed-suppressive efficacy of allelopathy.Aurelio ScavoGiovanni MauromicaleMDPI AGarticleallelopathyweed managementcrop rotationcover cropsintercroppingbioherbicidesAgricultureSENAgronomy, Vol 11, Iss 2104, p 2104 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	allelopathy weed management crop rotation cover crops intercropping bioherbicides Agriculture S
spellingShingle	allelopathy weed management crop rotation cover crops intercropping bioherbicides Agriculture S Aurelio Scavo Giovanni Mauromicale Crop Allelopathy for Sustainable Weed Management in Agroecosystems: Knowing the Present with a View to the Future
description	In the face of yield losses caused by weeds, especially in low-input agricultural systems, and environmental pollution due to the excessive use of synthetic herbicides, sustainable weed management has become mandatory. To address these issues, allelopathy, i.e., the biochemical phenomenon of chemical interactions between plants through the release of secondary metabolites into the environment, is gaining popularity. Although many important crops are known for their allelopathic potential, farmers are still reluctant to use such knowledge practically. It is therefore important to assist advisors and farmers in assessing whether allelopathy can be effectively implemented into an eco-friendly weed management strategy. Here, we aim to give a comprehensive and updated review on the herbicidal potential of allelopathy. The major findings are the following: (1) Crops from different botanical families show allelopathic properties and can be cultivated alone or in combination with other non-allelopathic crops. (2) Many allelopathic tools can be adopted (crop rotation, intercropping, cover cropping as living or dead mulches, green manuring, use of allelochemical-based bioherbicides). (3) These methods are highly flexible and feature increased efficiency when combined into an integrated weed management strategy. (4) Recent advances in the chemistry of allelopathy are facilitating the use of allelochemicals for bioherbicide production. (5) Several biotechnologies, such as stress induction and genetic engineering techniques, can enhance the allelopathic potential of crops or introduce allelopathic traits de novo. This review shows how important the role of allelopathy for sustainable weed management is and, at the same time, indicates the need for field experiments, mainly under an integrated approach. Finally, we recommend the combination of transgenic allelopathy with the aforementioned allelopathic tools to increase the weed-suppressive efficacy of allelopathy.
format	article
author	Aurelio Scavo Giovanni Mauromicale
author_facet	Aurelio Scavo Giovanni Mauromicale
author_sort	Aurelio Scavo
title	Crop Allelopathy for Sustainable Weed Management in Agroecosystems: Knowing the Present with a View to the Future
title_short	Crop Allelopathy for Sustainable Weed Management in Agroecosystems: Knowing the Present with a View to the Future
title_full	Crop Allelopathy for Sustainable Weed Management in Agroecosystems: Knowing the Present with a View to the Future
title_fullStr	Crop Allelopathy for Sustainable Weed Management in Agroecosystems: Knowing the Present with a View to the Future
title_full_unstemmed	Crop Allelopathy for Sustainable Weed Management in Agroecosystems: Knowing the Present with a View to the Future
title_sort	crop allelopathy for sustainable weed management in agroecosystems: knowing the present with a view to the future
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3eea9594b2eb40c493c9221ad04cf4d9
work_keys_str_mv	AT aurelioscavo cropallelopathyforsustainableweedmanagementinagroecosystemsknowingthepresentwithaviewtothefuture AT giovannimauromicale cropallelopathyforsustainableweedmanagementinagroecosystemsknowingthepresentwithaviewtothefuture
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Crop Allelopathy for Sustainable Weed Management in Agroecosystems: Knowing the Present with a View to the Future

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