Experiment and Numerical Simulation on Grouting Reinforcement Parameters of Ultra-Shallow Buried Double-Arch Tunnel

For an ultra-shallow buried double-arch tunnel with a large cross-section, the arching effect is difficult to form in surrounding rock, and grouting method is often adopted to reinforce the surrounding rock. Hence, examining the grouting reinforcement parameters is of great significance for potentia...

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Autores principales:	Jianxiu Wang, Ansheng Cao, Zhao Wu, Huanran Wang, Xiaotian Liu, Huboqiang Li, Yuanwei Sun
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	double-arch tunnel grouting reinforcement water cement ratio reinforcement layer thickness laboratory experiment numerical simulation Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3f719b9f7d2e465a996ee99c235bfe73
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3f719b9f7d2e465a996ee99c235bfe732021-11-11T15:25:45ZExperiment and Numerical Simulation on Grouting Reinforcement Parameters of Ultra-Shallow Buried Double-Arch Tunnel10.3390/app1121104912076-3417https://doaj.org/article/3f719b9f7d2e465a996ee99c235bfe732021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/21/10491https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3417For an ultra-shallow buried double-arch tunnel with a large cross-section, the arching effect is difficult to form in surrounding rock, and grouting method is often adopted to reinforce the surrounding rock. Hence, examining the grouting reinforcement parameters is of great significance for potential failure and collapse prevention. The land part of Haicang undersea tunnel was selected as a case study; laboratory experiments, theoretical analysis, and numerical simulation were performed to determine the grouting solid strength and grouting reinforcement parameters. The effects of different water–cement ratios on slurry fluidity, setting time, bleeding rate, and sample strength were studied by laboratory experiments. A method was proposed to determine the shear strength parameters of grouted surrounding rock through the grout water–cement ratio and the unconfined compressive strength of the rock mass. Numerical simulations were performed for grouting reinforcement layer thickness and the water–cement ratios. The deformation and stability law of tunnel surrounding rock and its influence on surrounding underground pipelines were obtained considering the spatial effect of tunnel excavation and grouting reinforcement. The reasonable selection range of grouting reinforcement parameters was proposed. The initial setting time and bleeding rate of cement slurry increased with the increasing water–cement ratio, while the viscosity of cement slurry and sample strength decreased with the increasing water–cement ratio. The shear strength parameters of grouted surrounding rock were determined by the water–cement ratio of grout and unconfined compressive strength of rock mass before grouting. When the thickness of grouting reinforcement layer <i>h</i> = 1.5 m and the water–cement ratio of grout was suggested η = 0.85, the surface settlement, the deformation of the vault, and the deformation of the nearby pipeline all met the design. Moreover, the construction requirements were more economical. Research results can provide a reference for the selection of grouting reinforcement parameters for similar projects.Jianxiu WangAnsheng CaoZhao WuHuanran WangXiaotian LiuHuboqiang LiYuanwei SunMDPI AGarticledouble-arch tunnelgrouting reinforcementwater cement ratioreinforcement layer thicknesslaboratory experimentnumerical simulationTechnologyTEngineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040Biology (General)QH301-705.5PhysicsQC1-999ChemistryQD1-999ENApplied Sciences, Vol 11, Iss 10491, p 10491 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	double-arch tunnel grouting reinforcement water cement ratio reinforcement layer thickness laboratory experiment numerical simulation Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	double-arch tunnel grouting reinforcement water cement ratio reinforcement layer thickness laboratory experiment numerical simulation Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 Jianxiu Wang Ansheng Cao Zhao Wu Huanran Wang Xiaotian Liu Huboqiang Li Yuanwei Sun Experiment and Numerical Simulation on Grouting Reinforcement Parameters of Ultra-Shallow Buried Double-Arch Tunnel
description	For an ultra-shallow buried double-arch tunnel with a large cross-section, the arching effect is difficult to form in surrounding rock, and grouting method is often adopted to reinforce the surrounding rock. Hence, examining the grouting reinforcement parameters is of great significance for potential failure and collapse prevention. The land part of Haicang undersea tunnel was selected as a case study; laboratory experiments, theoretical analysis, and numerical simulation were performed to determine the grouting solid strength and grouting reinforcement parameters. The effects of different water–cement ratios on slurry fluidity, setting time, bleeding rate, and sample strength were studied by laboratory experiments. A method was proposed to determine the shear strength parameters of grouted surrounding rock through the grout water–cement ratio and the unconfined compressive strength of the rock mass. Numerical simulations were performed for grouting reinforcement layer thickness and the water–cement ratios. The deformation and stability law of tunnel surrounding rock and its influence on surrounding underground pipelines were obtained considering the spatial effect of tunnel excavation and grouting reinforcement. The reasonable selection range of grouting reinforcement parameters was proposed. The initial setting time and bleeding rate of cement slurry increased with the increasing water–cement ratio, while the viscosity of cement slurry and sample strength decreased with the increasing water–cement ratio. The shear strength parameters of grouted surrounding rock were determined by the water–cement ratio of grout and unconfined compressive strength of rock mass before grouting. When the thickness of grouting reinforcement layer <i>h</i> = 1.5 m and the water–cement ratio of grout was suggested η = 0.85, the surface settlement, the deformation of the vault, and the deformation of the nearby pipeline all met the design. Moreover, the construction requirements were more economical. Research results can provide a reference for the selection of grouting reinforcement parameters for similar projects.
format	article
author	Jianxiu Wang Ansheng Cao Zhao Wu Huanran Wang Xiaotian Liu Huboqiang Li Yuanwei Sun
author_facet	Jianxiu Wang Ansheng Cao Zhao Wu Huanran Wang Xiaotian Liu Huboqiang Li Yuanwei Sun
author_sort	Jianxiu Wang
title	Experiment and Numerical Simulation on Grouting Reinforcement Parameters of Ultra-Shallow Buried Double-Arch Tunnel
title_short	Experiment and Numerical Simulation on Grouting Reinforcement Parameters of Ultra-Shallow Buried Double-Arch Tunnel
title_full	Experiment and Numerical Simulation on Grouting Reinforcement Parameters of Ultra-Shallow Buried Double-Arch Tunnel
title_fullStr	Experiment and Numerical Simulation on Grouting Reinforcement Parameters of Ultra-Shallow Buried Double-Arch Tunnel
title_full_unstemmed	Experiment and Numerical Simulation on Grouting Reinforcement Parameters of Ultra-Shallow Buried Double-Arch Tunnel
title_sort	experiment and numerical simulation on grouting reinforcement parameters of ultra-shallow buried double-arch tunnel
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3f719b9f7d2e465a996ee99c235bfe73
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Experiment and Numerical Simulation on Grouting Reinforcement Parameters of Ultra-Shallow Buried Double-Arch Tunnel

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