Deficiency in the Essential Amino Acids l-Isoleucine, l-Leucine and l-Histidine and Clinical Measures as Predictors of Moderate Depression in Elderly Women: A Discriminant Analysis Study

Increases in depression are common in some elderly women. Elderly women often show moderate depressive symptoms, while others display minimal depressive symptoms. These discrepancies have produced contradictory and inconclusive outcomes, which have not been explained entirely by deficits in neurotra...

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Autores principales:	Silvia Solís-Ortiz, Virginia Arriaga-Avila, Aurora Trejo-Bahena, Rosalinda Guevara-Guzmán
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	depression cognition symptoms elderly amino acids comorbidities Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3f7684dc022147b1b3ba69cb39e12545
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3f7684dc022147b1b3ba69cb39e125452021-11-25T18:34:50ZDeficiency in the Essential Amino Acids <span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-Isoleucine, <span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-Leucine and <span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-Histidine and Clinical Measures as Predictors of Moderate Depression in Elderly Women: A Discriminant Analysis Study10.3390/nu131138752072-6643https://doaj.org/article/3f7684dc022147b1b3ba69cb39e125452021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/3875https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6643Increases in depression are common in some elderly women. Elderly women often show moderate depressive symptoms, while others display minimal depressive symptoms. These discrepancies have produced contradictory and inconclusive outcomes, which have not been explained entirely by deficits in neurotransmitter precursors. Deficiency in some amino acids have been implicated in major depression, but its role in non-clinical elderly women is not well known. An analysis of essential amino acids, depression and the use of discriminant analysis can help to clarify the variation in depressive symptoms exhibited by some elderly women. The aim was to investigate the relationship of essential amino acids with affective, cognitive and comorbidity measures in elderly women without major depression nor severe mood disorders or psychosis, specifically thirty-six with moderate depressive symptoms and seventy-one with minimal depressive symptoms. The plasma concentrations of nineteen amino acids, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scores, Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) scores, global cognitive scores and comorbidities were submitted to stepwise discriminant analysis to identify predictor variables. Seven predictors arose as important for belong to the group based on amino acid concentrations, with the moderate depressive symptoms group characterized by higher BDI, GDS and cognitive scores; fewer comorbidities; and lower levels of <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span>-histidine, <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span>-isoleucine and <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span>-leucine. These findings suggest that elderly women classified as having moderate depressive symptoms displayed a deficiency in essential amino acids involved in metabolism, protein synthesis, inflammation and neurotransmission.Silvia Solís-OrtizVirginia Arriaga-AvilaAurora Trejo-BahenaRosalinda Guevara-GuzmánMDPI AGarticledepressioncognitionsymptomselderlyamino acidscomorbiditiesNutrition. Foods and food supplyTX341-641ENNutrients, Vol 13, Iss 3875, p 3875 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	depression cognition symptoms elderly amino acids comorbidities Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
spellingShingle	depression cognition symptoms elderly amino acids comorbidities Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Silvia Solís-Ortiz Virginia Arriaga-Avila Aurora Trejo-Bahena Rosalinda Guevara-Guzmán Deficiency in the Essential Amino Acids <span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-Isoleucine, <span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-Leucine and <span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-Histidine and Clinical Measures as Predictors of Moderate Depression in Elderly Women: A Discriminant Analysis Study
description	Increases in depression are common in some elderly women. Elderly women often show moderate depressive symptoms, while others display minimal depressive symptoms. These discrepancies have produced contradictory and inconclusive outcomes, which have not been explained entirely by deficits in neurotransmitter precursors. Deficiency in some amino acids have been implicated in major depression, but its role in non-clinical elderly women is not well known. An analysis of essential amino acids, depression and the use of discriminant analysis can help to clarify the variation in depressive symptoms exhibited by some elderly women. The aim was to investigate the relationship of essential amino acids with affective, cognitive and comorbidity measures in elderly women without major depression nor severe mood disorders or psychosis, specifically thirty-six with moderate depressive symptoms and seventy-one with minimal depressive symptoms. The plasma concentrations of nineteen amino acids, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scores, Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) scores, global cognitive scores and comorbidities were submitted to stepwise discriminant analysis to identify predictor variables. Seven predictors arose as important for belong to the group based on amino acid concentrations, with the moderate depressive symptoms group characterized by higher BDI, GDS and cognitive scores; fewer comorbidities; and lower levels of <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span>-histidine, <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span>-isoleucine and <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span>-leucine. These findings suggest that elderly women classified as having moderate depressive symptoms displayed a deficiency in essential amino acids involved in metabolism, protein synthesis, inflammation and neurotransmission.
format	article
author	Silvia Solís-Ortiz Virginia Arriaga-Avila Aurora Trejo-Bahena Rosalinda Guevara-Guzmán
author_facet	Silvia Solís-Ortiz Virginia Arriaga-Avila Aurora Trejo-Bahena Rosalinda Guevara-Guzmán
author_sort	Silvia Solís-Ortiz
title	Deficiency in the Essential Amino Acids <span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-Isoleucine, <span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-Leucine and <span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-Histidine and Clinical Measures as Predictors of Moderate Depression in Elderly Women: A Discriminant Analysis Study
title_short	Deficiency in the Essential Amino Acids <span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-Isoleucine, <span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-Leucine and <span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-Histidine and Clinical Measures as Predictors of Moderate Depression in Elderly Women: A Discriminant Analysis Study
title_full	Deficiency in the Essential Amino Acids <span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-Isoleucine, <span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-Leucine and <span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-Histidine and Clinical Measures as Predictors of Moderate Depression in Elderly Women: A Discriminant Analysis Study
title_fullStr	Deficiency in the Essential Amino Acids <span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-Isoleucine, <span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-Leucine and <span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-Histidine and Clinical Measures as Predictors of Moderate Depression in Elderly Women: A Discriminant Analysis Study
title_full_unstemmed	Deficiency in the Essential Amino Acids <span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-Isoleucine, <span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-Leucine and <span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-Histidine and Clinical Measures as Predictors of Moderate Depression in Elderly Women: A Discriminant Analysis Study
title_sort	deficiency in the essential amino acids <span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-isoleucine, <span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-leucine and <span style="font-variant: small-caps">l</span>-histidine and clinical measures as predictors of moderate depression in elderly women: a discriminant analysis study
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3f7684dc022147b1b3ba69cb39e12545
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