Occurrences of non-linear phenomena and vocal harshness in dog whines as indicators of stress and ageing

Abstract During social interactions, acoustic parameters of tetrapods’ vocalisations reflect the emotional state of the caller. Higher levels of spectral noise and the occurrence of irregularities (non-linear phenomena NLP) might be negative arousal indicators in alarm calls, although less is known...

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Autores principales:	András Marx, Rita Lenkei, Paula Pérez Fraga, Viktória Bakos, Enikő Kubinyi, Tamás Faragó
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3f94e641e7a94e9d9a999f41212ecad0
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3f94e641e7a94e9d9a999f41212ecad02021-12-02T11:35:58ZOccurrences of non-linear phenomena and vocal harshness in dog whines as indicators of stress and ageing10.1038/s41598-021-83614-12045-2322https://doaj.org/article/3f94e641e7a94e9d9a999f41212ecad02021-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83614-1https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract During social interactions, acoustic parameters of tetrapods’ vocalisations reflect the emotional state of the caller. Higher levels of spectral noise and the occurrence of irregularities (non-linear phenomena NLP) might be negative arousal indicators in alarm calls, although less is known about other distress vocalisations. Family dogs experience different levels of stress during separation from their owner and may vocalise extensively. Analysing their whines can provide evidence for the relationship between arousal and NLP. We recorded 167 family dogs’ separation behaviour including vocalisations, assessed their stress level based on behaviour and tested how these, their individual features, and owner reported separation-related problems (SRP) relate to their whines’ (N = 4086) spectral noise and NLP. Dogs with SRP produced NLP whines more likely. More active dogs and dogs that tried to escape produced noisier whines. Older dogs’ whines were more harmonic than younger ones’, but they also showed a higher NLP ratio. Our results show that vocal harshness and NLP are associated with arousal in contact calls, and thus might function as stress indicators. The higher occurrence of NLP in older dogs irrespective to separation stress suggests loss in precise neural control of the larynx, and hence can be a potential ageing indicator.András MarxRita LenkeiPaula Pérez FragaViktória BakosEnikő KubinyiTamás FaragóNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q András Marx Rita Lenkei Paula Pérez Fraga Viktória Bakos Enikő Kubinyi Tamás Faragó Occurrences of non-linear phenomena and vocal harshness in dog whines as indicators of stress and ageing
description	Abstract During social interactions, acoustic parameters of tetrapods’ vocalisations reflect the emotional state of the caller. Higher levels of spectral noise and the occurrence of irregularities (non-linear phenomena NLP) might be negative arousal indicators in alarm calls, although less is known about other distress vocalisations. Family dogs experience different levels of stress during separation from their owner and may vocalise extensively. Analysing their whines can provide evidence for the relationship between arousal and NLP. We recorded 167 family dogs’ separation behaviour including vocalisations, assessed their stress level based on behaviour and tested how these, their individual features, and owner reported separation-related problems (SRP) relate to their whines’ (N = 4086) spectral noise and NLP. Dogs with SRP produced NLP whines more likely. More active dogs and dogs that tried to escape produced noisier whines. Older dogs’ whines were more harmonic than younger ones’, but they also showed a higher NLP ratio. Our results show that vocal harshness and NLP are associated with arousal in contact calls, and thus might function as stress indicators. The higher occurrence of NLP in older dogs irrespective to separation stress suggests loss in precise neural control of the larynx, and hence can be a potential ageing indicator.
format	article
author	András Marx Rita Lenkei Paula Pérez Fraga Viktória Bakos Enikő Kubinyi Tamás Faragó
author_facet	András Marx Rita Lenkei Paula Pérez Fraga Viktória Bakos Enikő Kubinyi Tamás Faragó
author_sort	András Marx
title	Occurrences of non-linear phenomena and vocal harshness in dog whines as indicators of stress and ageing
title_short	Occurrences of non-linear phenomena and vocal harshness in dog whines as indicators of stress and ageing
title_full	Occurrences of non-linear phenomena and vocal harshness in dog whines as indicators of stress and ageing
title_fullStr	Occurrences of non-linear phenomena and vocal harshness in dog whines as indicators of stress and ageing
title_full_unstemmed	Occurrences of non-linear phenomena and vocal harshness in dog whines as indicators of stress and ageing
title_sort	occurrences of non-linear phenomena and vocal harshness in dog whines as indicators of stress and ageing
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3f94e641e7a94e9d9a999f41212ecad0
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Occurrences of non-linear phenomena and vocal harshness in dog whines as indicators of stress and ageing

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