Pulmonary acini exhibit complex changes during postnatal rat lung development

Pulmonary acini represent the functional gas-exchanging units of the lung. Due to technical limitations, individual acini cannot be identified on microscopic lung sections. To overcome these limitations, we imaged the right lower lobes of instillation-fixed rat lungs from postnatal days P4, P10, P21...

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Autores principales:	David Haberthür, Eveline Yao, Sébastien F. Barré, Tiziana P. Cremona, Stefan A. Tschanz, Johannes C. Schittny
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3f9f9262b6c945738396236d648e3c2c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3f9f9262b6c945738396236d648e3c2c2021-11-18T06:34:28ZPulmonary acini exhibit complex changes during postnatal rat lung development1932-6203https://doaj.org/article/3f9f9262b6c945738396236d648e3c2c2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8575188/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Pulmonary acini represent the functional gas-exchanging units of the lung. Due to technical limitations, individual acini cannot be identified on microscopic lung sections. To overcome these limitations, we imaged the right lower lobes of instillation-fixed rat lungs from postnatal days P4, P10, P21, and P60 at the TOMCAT beamline of the Swiss Light Source synchrotron facility at a voxel size of 1.48 μm. Individual acini were segmented from the three-dimensional data by closing the airways at the transition from conducting to gas exchanging airways. For a subset of acini (N = 268), we followed the acinar development by stereologically assessing their volume and their number of alveoli. We found that the mean volume of the acini increases 23 times during the observed time-frame. The coefficients of variation dropped from 1.26 to 0.49 and the difference between the mean volumes of the fraction of the 20% smallest to the 20% largest acini decreased from a factor of 27.26 (day 4) to a factor of 4.07 (day 60), i.e. shows a smaller dispersion at later time points. The acinar volumes show a large variation early in lung development and homogenize during maturation of the lung by reducing their size distribution by a factor of 7 until adulthood. The homogenization of the acinar sizes hints at an optimization of the gas-exchange region in the lungs of adult animals and that acini of different size are not evenly distributed in the lungs. This likely leads to more homogeneous ventilation at later stages in lung development.David HaberthürEveline YaoSébastien F. BarréTiziana P. CremonaStefan A. TschanzJohannes C. SchittnyPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q David Haberthür Eveline Yao Sébastien F. Barré Tiziana P. Cremona Stefan A. Tschanz Johannes C. Schittny Pulmonary acini exhibit complex changes during postnatal rat lung development
description	Pulmonary acini represent the functional gas-exchanging units of the lung. Due to technical limitations, individual acini cannot be identified on microscopic lung sections. To overcome these limitations, we imaged the right lower lobes of instillation-fixed rat lungs from postnatal days P4, P10, P21, and P60 at the TOMCAT beamline of the Swiss Light Source synchrotron facility at a voxel size of 1.48 μm. Individual acini were segmented from the three-dimensional data by closing the airways at the transition from conducting to gas exchanging airways. For a subset of acini (N = 268), we followed the acinar development by stereologically assessing their volume and their number of alveoli. We found that the mean volume of the acini increases 23 times during the observed time-frame. The coefficients of variation dropped from 1.26 to 0.49 and the difference between the mean volumes of the fraction of the 20% smallest to the 20% largest acini decreased from a factor of 27.26 (day 4) to a factor of 4.07 (day 60), i.e. shows a smaller dispersion at later time points. The acinar volumes show a large variation early in lung development and homogenize during maturation of the lung by reducing their size distribution by a factor of 7 until adulthood. The homogenization of the acinar sizes hints at an optimization of the gas-exchange region in the lungs of adult animals and that acini of different size are not evenly distributed in the lungs. This likely leads to more homogeneous ventilation at later stages in lung development.
format	article
author	David Haberthür Eveline Yao Sébastien F. Barré Tiziana P. Cremona Stefan A. Tschanz Johannes C. Schittny
author_facet	David Haberthür Eveline Yao Sébastien F. Barré Tiziana P. Cremona Stefan A. Tschanz Johannes C. Schittny
author_sort	David Haberthür
title	Pulmonary acini exhibit complex changes during postnatal rat lung development
title_short	Pulmonary acini exhibit complex changes during postnatal rat lung development
title_full	Pulmonary acini exhibit complex changes during postnatal rat lung development
title_fullStr	Pulmonary acini exhibit complex changes during postnatal rat lung development
title_full_unstemmed	Pulmonary acini exhibit complex changes during postnatal rat lung development
title_sort	pulmonary acini exhibit complex changes during postnatal rat lung development
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3f9f9262b6c945738396236d648e3c2c
work_keys_str_mv	AT davidhaberthur pulmonaryaciniexhibitcomplexchangesduringpostnatalratlungdevelopment AT evelineyao pulmonaryaciniexhibitcomplexchangesduringpostnatalratlungdevelopment AT sebastienfbarre pulmonaryaciniexhibitcomplexchangesduringpostnatalratlungdevelopment AT tizianapcremona pulmonaryaciniexhibitcomplexchangesduringpostnatalratlungdevelopment AT stefanatschanz pulmonaryaciniexhibitcomplexchangesduringpostnatalratlungdevelopment AT johannescschittny pulmonaryaciniexhibitcomplexchangesduringpostnatalratlungdevelopment
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Pulmonary acini exhibit complex changes during postnatal rat lung development

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