Reduced cortical gyrification in the posteromedial cortex in unaffected relatives of schizophrenia patients with high genetic loading

Abstract Although abnormal cortical gyrification has been consistently reported in patients with schizophrenia, whether gyrification abnormalities reflect a genetic risk for the disorder remains unknown. This study investigated differences in cortical gyrification between unaffected relatives (URs)...

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Autores principales:	Inkyung Park, Minah Kim, Tae Young Lee, Wu Jeong Hwang, Yoo Bin Kwak, Sanghoon Oh, Silvia Kyungjin Lho, Sun-Young Moon, Jun Soo Kwon
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Psychiatry RC435-571
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3fa6b5f564fa409c9564cde2b898f03f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3fa6b5f564fa409c9564cde2b898f03f2021-12-02T18:01:28ZReduced cortical gyrification in the posteromedial cortex in unaffected relatives of schizophrenia patients with high genetic loading10.1038/s41537-021-00148-12334-265Xhttps://doaj.org/article/3fa6b5f564fa409c9564cde2b898f03f2021-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41537-021-00148-1https://doaj.org/toc/2334-265XAbstract Although abnormal cortical gyrification has been consistently reported in patients with schizophrenia, whether gyrification abnormalities reflect a genetic risk for the disorder remains unknown. This study investigated differences in cortical gyrification between unaffected relatives (URs) with high genetic loading for schizophrenia and healthy controls (HCs) to identify potential genetic vulnerability markers. A total of 50 URs of schizophrenia patients and 50 matched HCs underwent T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging to compare whole-brain gyrification using the local gyrification index (lGI). Then, the lGI clusters showing significant differences were compared between the UR subgroups based on the number of first-degree relatives with schizophrenia to identify the effect of genetic loading on cortical gyrification changes. The URs exhibited significantly lower cortical gyrification than the HCs in clusters including medial parieto-occipital and cingulate regions comprising the bilateral precuneus, cuneus, pericalcarine, lingual, isthmus cingulate, and posterior cingulate gyri. Moreover, URs who had two or more first-degree relatives with schizophrenia showed greater gyrification reductions in these clusters than those who had at least one first-degree relative with schizophrenia. Our findings of reduced gyrification in URs, which are consistent with accumulated evidence of hypogyria observed in regions showing patient-control differences in previous studies, highlight that such hypogyria in posteromedial regions may serve as a genetic vulnerability marker and reflect early neurodevelopmental abnormalities resulting from a genetic risk for schizophrenia.Inkyung ParkMinah KimTae Young LeeWu Jeong HwangYoo Bin KwakSanghoon OhSilvia Kyungjin LhoSun-Young MoonJun Soo KwonNature PortfolioarticlePsychiatryRC435-571ENnpj Schizophrenia, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Psychiatry RC435-571
spellingShingle	Psychiatry RC435-571 Inkyung Park Minah Kim Tae Young Lee Wu Jeong Hwang Yoo Bin Kwak Sanghoon Oh Silvia Kyungjin Lho Sun-Young Moon Jun Soo Kwon Reduced cortical gyrification in the posteromedial cortex in unaffected relatives of schizophrenia patients with high genetic loading
description	Abstract Although abnormal cortical gyrification has been consistently reported in patients with schizophrenia, whether gyrification abnormalities reflect a genetic risk for the disorder remains unknown. This study investigated differences in cortical gyrification between unaffected relatives (URs) with high genetic loading for schizophrenia and healthy controls (HCs) to identify potential genetic vulnerability markers. A total of 50 URs of schizophrenia patients and 50 matched HCs underwent T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging to compare whole-brain gyrification using the local gyrification index (lGI). Then, the lGI clusters showing significant differences were compared between the UR subgroups based on the number of first-degree relatives with schizophrenia to identify the effect of genetic loading on cortical gyrification changes. The URs exhibited significantly lower cortical gyrification than the HCs in clusters including medial parieto-occipital and cingulate regions comprising the bilateral precuneus, cuneus, pericalcarine, lingual, isthmus cingulate, and posterior cingulate gyri. Moreover, URs who had two or more first-degree relatives with schizophrenia showed greater gyrification reductions in these clusters than those who had at least one first-degree relative with schizophrenia. Our findings of reduced gyrification in URs, which are consistent with accumulated evidence of hypogyria observed in regions showing patient-control differences in previous studies, highlight that such hypogyria in posteromedial regions may serve as a genetic vulnerability marker and reflect early neurodevelopmental abnormalities resulting from a genetic risk for schizophrenia.
format	article
author	Inkyung Park Minah Kim Tae Young Lee Wu Jeong Hwang Yoo Bin Kwak Sanghoon Oh Silvia Kyungjin Lho Sun-Young Moon Jun Soo Kwon
author_facet	Inkyung Park Minah Kim Tae Young Lee Wu Jeong Hwang Yoo Bin Kwak Sanghoon Oh Silvia Kyungjin Lho Sun-Young Moon Jun Soo Kwon
author_sort	Inkyung Park
title	Reduced cortical gyrification in the posteromedial cortex in unaffected relatives of schizophrenia patients with high genetic loading
title_short	Reduced cortical gyrification in the posteromedial cortex in unaffected relatives of schizophrenia patients with high genetic loading
title_full	Reduced cortical gyrification in the posteromedial cortex in unaffected relatives of schizophrenia patients with high genetic loading
title_fullStr	Reduced cortical gyrification in the posteromedial cortex in unaffected relatives of schizophrenia patients with high genetic loading
title_full_unstemmed	Reduced cortical gyrification in the posteromedial cortex in unaffected relatives of schizophrenia patients with high genetic loading
title_sort	reduced cortical gyrification in the posteromedial cortex in unaffected relatives of schizophrenia patients with high genetic loading
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3fa6b5f564fa409c9564cde2b898f03f
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Reduced cortical gyrification in the posteromedial cortex in unaffected relatives of schizophrenia patients with high genetic loading

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